8-羟基喹啉过渡金属配合物的标准生成焓测定

在准室温条件下,通过固相反应一步合成8-羟基喹啉（C9H7ON）过渡金属配合物：Co（oxine）2·2H2O、Ni（oxine）2·2H2O、Cu（oxnie）2,在HR-15型静态氧弹热量计上测定了配合物的燃烧热,根据热化学原理计算出配合物的标准生成焓：△fHm^-[Co（oxine）2·2H2O,（s）]=-994．36±6．65KJ／mol;△fHm^-[Ni（oxine）2·2H2O,（s）]=-1002．21±6．49KJ／mol;△fHm^-[Cu（oxnie）2,（s）]=-1703．90±3．02KJ／mol。     

Ce基金属玻璃的力学弛豫

采用动态热机械分析技（DMA）,对Ce70Al10Cu20块体金学弛豫行为进行了研究.在？70°C-70°C温度间内,测了等温条件下频率依赖动态学弛豫谱.结果发现在Tg（Tg=68°C）附近及Tg温度以下,材料内耗值与频率之间在不同频率范围存在相反变化.在低频部分,内耗随着频率增加而降低,在高频部分,随着频率增加内耗值增加.初步分析认为这由于非晶合金材料存在着两种不同弛豫机制造成,且这两种机制和金中存在软硬不同结构单元有关系.     

Deformation induced structural evolution in bulk metallic glasses

The structural behavior of binary Cu50Zr50 and ternary Cu50Zr45Ti5 bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) under applied stress was investigated by means of in-situ high energy X-ray synchrotron diffraction. The components of the strain tensors were determined from the shifts of the maxima of the atomic pair correlation functions (PDF) in real space. The anisotropic atomic reorientation in the first-nearest-neighbor shell versus stress suggests structural rearrangements in short-range order. Within the plastic deforma...     

Deformation induced structural evolution in bulk metallic glasses

The structural behavior of binary Cu50Zr50 and ternary Cu50Zr45Ti5 bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) under applied stress was investigated by means of in-situ high energy X-ray synchrotron diffraction. The components of the strain tensors were determined from the shifts of the maxima of the atomic pair correlation functions (PDF) in real space. The anisotropic atomic reorientation in the first-nearest-neighbor shell versus stress suggests structural rearrangements in short-range order. Within the plastic deformation range the overall strain of the metallic glass is equal to the yield strain. After unloading,the atomic structure returns to the stress-free state,and the short-range order is identical to that of the undeformed state. Plastic deformation,however,leads to localized shear bands whose contribution to the volume averaged diffraction pattern is too weak to be detected. A concordant region evidenced by the anisotropic component is activated to counterbalance the stress change due to the atomic bond reorientation in the first-nearest-neighbor shell. The size of the concordant region is an important factor dominating the yield strength and the plastic strain ability of the BMGs.     

液化石油气中硫化物对铜腐蚀的影响及机理研究

液化石油气（LPG）中极少量的硫化物会对铜质设备造成严重的腐蚀,影响LPG的生产、销售和使用,因此研究LPG中硫化物对铜腐蚀的影响具有重要的实际意义。研究了LPG中不同含量的羰基硫、乙硫醇及硫化氢对铜片腐蚀的影响,并通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）和全反射红外光谱法（ATR）对腐蚀产物进行了表征和分析,探究了这3种硫化物对铜片腐蚀的机理。结果表明,当LPG中羰基硫和乙硫醇的含量为20 μg/g时开始腐蚀铜片,硫化氢的含量为5 μg/g时开始腐蚀铜片,随着硫化氢含量的增加,腐蚀程度加剧;当3种硫化物的含量为20 μg/g时,铜片均出现明显的腐蚀产物,腐蚀以局部腐蚀为主。羰基硫和乙硫醇的腐蚀产物中含有机化合物成分,硫化氢的腐蚀产物主要为无机物Cu₂S和Cu₂O;羰基硫对铜的腐蚀过程为铜原子与羰基硫中的硫和碳成键,形成羰基硫化铜,或者铜原子与硫成键,形成缔合后的复杂腐蚀产物。     

电渣重熔脱硫技术研究进展

Electroslag remelting (ESR) gives a combination of liquid metal refining and solidification structure control. One of the typical aspects of liquid metal refining during ESR for the advanced steel and alloy production is desulfurization. It involves two patterns, i.e., slag–metal reaction and gas–slag reaction (gasifying desulfurization). In this paper, the advances in desulfurization practices of ESR are reviewed. The effects of processing parameters, including the initial sulfur level of consumable electrode, remelting atmosphere, deoxidation schemes of ESR, slag composition, melting rate, and electrical parameters on the desulfurization in ESR are assessed. The interrelation between desulfurization and sulfide inclusion evolution during ESR is discussed, and advancements in the production of sulfur-bearing steel at a high-sulfur level during ESR are described. The remaining challenges for future work are also proposed.     

PbS棒状微晶的水热合成和表征

以L-半胱氨酸为硫源,水和乙醇混合溶剂为介质,用水热法制备了PbS棒状微晶.结合透射电镜、X-射线衍射、X-射线光电子能谱分析等手段,对PbS微晶进行了表征,探讨了原料比例、反应温度、时间和pH值等因素对所生成PbS形貌的影响和晶体生长的机制.结果表明:在120℃、碱性条件下,硫较铅摩尔比略过量时,可获得结晶较好且均一的PbS棒状微晶.     

深海拖曳式瞬变电磁的响应规律

通过分析深海堆积型热液硫化矿的电性特征,建立探测深海热液金属硫化物矿床地电模型:运用瞬变电磁全空间理论计算方法,模拟计算深海热液金属硫化物矿床瞬变电磁响应,为设计深海拖曳式瞬变电磁系统提供依据.计算结果表明:深海与无海水情况下的瞬变电磁相比,响应曲线形态变化不大,响应幅值显著增加;拖曳高度严重降低了低阻矿化层的瞬变电磁响应幅值:随着拖曳高度的增加,低阻矿化层的异常响应向后延迟并迅速衰减,当拖曳高度超过50 m时异常响应将难以分辨;在一般情况下,在1～100 ms时窗内可以探测到海底金属硫化矿层引起的异常.     

Antibacterial effect of metallic glasses

The antibacterial effect of Fe-based,Ni-based and Cu-based metallic glasses has been studied in this research.All test metallic glasses were found to inhibit growth of Esherichia coli.The optical density value of E.coli flocculation exposed to metallic glasses,from which the number of bacteria was determined,was 65% lower than that of the match group,and 57% lower than that of the ferrite group.Moreover,the antibacterial effect was not significantly different(σ=0.05) between Cu-based,Ni-based and Fe-based metallic glasses.These results extend our understanding of the antibacterial effect of metallic antibacterial materials,and suggest new applications for metallic glasses.     

金属熔体扩散的研究进展

金属熔体的扩散既是熔体设计材料过程的重要参量,也是凝聚态物理领域研究物质输运性质的重要内容.然而由于实验测量上的困难,其相关研究进展不是很显著.在国内,熔体扩散的实验研究几乎是空白,理论研究也很少.本文结合最新的基于X-射线成像的原位测量技术及中子散射技术来系统介绍目前金属熔体扩散的测量手段,并归纳和总结了地面和空间环境下的扩散实验测量结果;同时对扩散机制的理论模型也作了简单的介绍;最后展望了熔体扩散研究的前景以及在我国开展熔体扩散研究的必要性.