AM60B镁合金微弧氧化膜的电化学腐蚀行为

在硅酸盐体系中对AM60B镁合金进行微弧氧化处理,采用循环伏安(CV)法、Tafel极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)研究膜层在3.5% NaCl介质中的电化学腐蚀行为.结果表明:AM60B镁合金经微弧氧化处理后,膜层耐蚀性得以显著提高.相比低电压下的膜层,高电压下获得膜层微孔略大,但微孔数量明显较少,厚度显著增加,这使得膜层在整个腐蚀过程中呈现了极强的电阻性和优异的耐蚀能力,甚至测试结束时腐蚀介质仍未渗透至膜基面,而低电压下处理得到的膜层,腐蚀介质已渗透至膜基面且侵蚀了基体.     

电压对纯镁微弧氧化膜层电化学腐蚀行为的影响

采用循环伏安(CV)、动电位极化(Tafel)和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)技术、结合纯镁微弧氧化膜微观形貌,研究电压对膜层电化学腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明:电压对膜层耐蚀性影响显著,随着电压升高,膜层耐蚀性增强,这是因为较厚的膜层厚度为抵御腐蚀介质的侵蚀提供了良好的物理屏障.在整个腐蚀试验过程中,高电压下制备的膜层经历三个阶段:腐蚀介质逐渐渗入膜层,腐蚀介质渗透膜层到达膜基面侵蚀基体,腐蚀产物填充微孔和微裂纹等缺陷.相比而言,低电压下制备的膜层随着浸泡时间的延长,膜层外部疏松层和内部致密层的电阻均逐渐减小,致使耐蚀性降低,最终膜层完全失效.     

中欧光伏贸易争端对双方经济损益的影响分析

本文选取了中欧之间光伏产品贸易争端为研究案例,利用投入产出模型,从全球价值链的角度来研究中国和欧盟两个经济体在发生贸易争端之后贸易增加值所受的影响.结果显示,贸易争端使得中国一般贸易出口中的国内增加值下降4.88%,加工贸易出口拉动的国内增加值下降1.84%.与此同时,由于生产链条的全球化,中国出口品生产减少引致进口投入下降,进而使得从欧盟进口的相关产品减少,欧盟经济体对中国的出口增加值将下降3.93%.本文还分三种情形讨论了欧盟发起反倾销调查的救济效果,结果发现,即使反倾销不引起贸易转移,欧盟的贸易增加值也将下降1.3%,形成"双输"的局面.     

高放射性核废料地质处置中铜腐蚀行为研究进展

 随着核工业的飞速发展,高放射性废物的处置成为重大安全和环保问题,而深地质处置是普遍接受的方案。在处置库花岗岩环境及无氧还原条件下,更适合的处置罐材料为高纯铜。本文从处置库的地质环境、铜处置罐的腐蚀、铜处置罐的寿命预测等方面,综述处置库环境下纯铜的腐蚀电化学行为的研究进展,以更好地评估纯铜在处置库环境下的耐蚀性能及预测处置罐的寿命。     

新型制剂的研发与创新

 中国国家食品药品监督管理总局近期宣布将境内外均未上市的新型制剂新药定义为新药(2类),为新型制剂新药的研发产业化提供了政策支持。新型制剂新药是在化合物新药基础上开发出的新药,与化合物新药相比,具有副作用更小、疗效更优、患者顺应性更好等优点,新型制剂产品上市后通常会取代第一代普通制剂产品。近年来,中国新化合物新药的研发发展迅速、硕果累累,产生了诸如埃克替尼、西达本胺等重磅级的化合物新药产品,但仍无国际认可的NDA新药产品。因此,开发研发成本低(仅为化合物新药开发成本的1%~3%)、周期短(约占化合物新药开发周期的1/2~1/3)、成功率高的新型制剂新药,是中国医药企业创新药研发走出国门,并取得国际认可的又一途径。以口服固体缓控释产品为例,阐述了新型制剂新药的特点及其对患者、企业和国家的意义,探讨了推动新型制剂新药发展的政策落地问题,表明开发新型制剂新药既符合中国当前科技创新的既定目标,又可以给医药行业发展带来巨大的推动作用。     

极端临氢环境金属材料力学性能数据库开发及应用

 石化和氢能领域中高压氢系统承载件在制造残余影响、高压氢气和复杂载荷耦合作用下易发生氢致损伤。为确保高压氢系统长期、稳定、安全、可靠地运行,亟需为高压氢系统产品开发提供材料性能基础数据。本文从数据独立性和易扩展性方面入手,结合前期高压氢环境中材料实验数据(慢应变速率拉伸实验、断裂韧性实验和疲劳裂纹扩展实验),基于VB 编程语言开发了高压氢环境金属材料力学性能数据库。结合国内外学者的研究对数据库应用进行了分析,展示了数据库收录金属材料氢脆数据的多面性和全面性。     

Effects of ECAE processing temperature on the microstructure,mechanical properties,and corrosion behavior of pure Mg

A two-step equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) procedure was used to process pure Mg. The effects of ECAE processing temperature on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of pure Mg were studied. The results show that the average grain size of pure Mg decreases with decreasing extrusion temperature. After ECAE processing at 473 K, fine and equiaxed grains (~9 μm) are obtained. The sample processed at 473 K exhibits the excellent mechanical properties, whereas the sample processed at 633 K has the lowest corrosion rate. The improved corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of pure Mg by ECAE are ascribed to grain refinement and microstructural modification.     

Acoustic emission detection of 316L stainless steel welded joints during intergranular corrosion

This study analyzes acoustic emission (AE) signals during the intergranular corrosion (IGC) process of 316L stainless steel welded joints under different welding currents in boiling nitric acid. IGC generates several AE signals with high AE activity. The AE technique could hardly distinguish IGC in stainless steel welded joints with different welding heat inputs. However, AE signals can effectively distinguish IGC characteristics in different corrosion stages. The IGC resistance of a heat-affected zone is lower than that of a weld zone. The initiation and rapid corrosion stages can be distinguished using AE results and microstructural analysis. Moreover, energy count rate and amplitude are considered to be ideal parameters for characterizing different IGC processes. Two types of signals are detected in the rapid corrosion stage. It can be concluded that grain boundary corrosion and grain separation are the AE sources of type 1 and type 2, respectively.     

Electrochemical investigation on the hydrogen permeation behavior of 7075-T6 Al alloy and its influence on stress corrosion cracking

The hydrogen permeation behavior and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility of precharged 7075-T6 Al alloy were investigated in this paper. Devanthan–Stachurski (D-S) cell tests were used to measure the apparent hydrogen diffusivity and hydrogen permeation current density of specimens immersed in 3.5wt% NaCl solution. Electrochemical experiment results show that the SCC susceptibility is low during anodic polarization. Both corrosion pits and hydrogen-induced cracking are evident in scanning electron microscope images after the specimens have been charging for 24 h.     

Fabrication and properties of foam geopolymer using circulating fluidized bed combustion fly ash

In recent years, circulating fluidized bed combustion fly ash (CFA) is used as a raw material for geopolymer synthesis. Hydrogen peroxide was employed as a foaming agent to prepare CFA-based foam geopolymer. The particle distribution, mineral composition, and chemical composition of CFA were examined firstly. Geopolymerization products were characterized by mechanical testing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The CFA-based foam geopolymer was successfully fabricated with different contents of hydrogen peroxide and exhibited uncompleted alkali reaction and reasonable strength with relative low atomic ratios of Si/Al and Si/Na. Type-C CFA in this research could be recycled as an alternative source material for geopolymer production.