YBa_2Cu_3O_x体材料在液氮温区的临界电流密度J_c

以定向反应合成的 YBa_2Cu_3O_x 为原料,用加大成型压力——高温熔化——三段热处理工艺,可将 YBa_2Cu_3O_x 体材料的 J_c 提高到 713 A/cm~2(78 K);讨论了晶粒间界的空隙,微区化学组成不均匀性,高温熔化及凝固过程对 J_c的影响。结果表明,采用较大压力成型,高温熔化工艺,提高碳酸盐分解率,有助于提高临界电流密度J_c。     

玻璃熔窑鼓泡对湿度分布的影响

运用物理模拟技术,系统研究了鼓泡前后玻璃窑内温度变化规律。结果表明:在加热条件相同的前提下,鼓泡使液面、加料口、澄清区以及热点处的温度发生了明显的变化。池底温度整体提高要求使用优质的材料。鼓泡位置以选在距加料口为窑长的2/5处较适宜,而鼓泡后窑内液流量不能无节制地增长。     

以乌桕皮油为原料制取类可可脂的研究

本文介绍一种以乌桕皮油为原料制取类可可脂的新方法。用该法制得的类可可脂的主要质量指标通过测试,符合巧克力的生产要求。该项成果于1988年5月4日通过了由省教委主持的技术鉴定。     

银纳米线熔化过程的分子动力学模拟

采用分子动力学方法和量子修正的Sutton-Chen（QSC）多体势研究了不同尺寸的银纳米线的熔化动力学过程．模拟结果表明；银纳米线的熔点要比银的体材料的熔点低得多，并且与纳米线的直径的倒数成线性关系，当纳米线的直径越大时，其熔点越高，表现出了明显的尺寸效应．银纳米线的熔化过程首先从表面开始，并逐步向内部发展，直至核心区域．当温度高于熔点时，银纳米线逐渐熔化、断裂，最后形成球形团簇．     

Microstructure and properties of Si-TaSi2 eutectic in situ composite for field emission

The Si-TaSi2 eutectic in situ composite for field emission is prepared by electron beam floating zone melting (EBFZM) technique on the basis of Czochralski (CZ) crystal growth technique. The directional solidification microstructure and the field emission properties of the Si-TaSi2 eutectic in situ composite prepared by two kinds of crystal growth techniques have been systematically tested and compared. Researches demonstrated that the solidification microstructure of EBFZM can be fined obviously be-cause of the relatively high solidification rate and very high temperature gradient, i.e. both the diameter and inter-rod spacing of the TaSi2 fibers prepared by EBFZM technique were decreased, and the density and the volume fraction of the TaSi2 fibers prepared by EBFZM technique were increased in comparison with that of the TaSi2 fibers prepared by CZ method. Therefore the field emission property of the Si-TaSi2 eutectic in situ composite prepared by EBFZM can be improved greatly, which exhibits better field emission uniformity and straighter F-N curve.     

Analysis of melting driven by friction and temperature difference under sliding plate

The contact melting processes of phase change material (PCM) under a sliding plate, which is driven by the friction and temperature difference ΔT, are studied. By using film theory, the fundamental equations for the melting process are derived. The thickness of boundary layer, the pressure distribution inside boundary layer and the mass melting rate of PCM are also obtained with the numerical method. It is found that (1) the larger the temperature difference is, the larger the thickness of boundary layer and the mass melting rate are, and the more asymmetric the pressure distribution is; (2) the quicker the sliding velocity is, the larger the mass melting rate is, the flatter the thickness of boundary layer is, and the more symmetric the pressure distribution is; (3) the results of the contact melting driven together by the friction and temperature difference cannot be obtained by the addition of those driven respectively by the friction and temperature difference.     

Analysis of EET on Ca increasing the melting point of Mg17Al12 phase

The present investigation showed that the additions of Ca to the alloy AZ91 were mainly dissolved into the Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase and increased its melting point and thermal stability, which would have great effects on the high-temperature properties of AZ91 alloy. The empirical electron theory (EET) of solid and molecules was used to calculate the valence electron structures (VES) of Mg₁₇Al₁₂ intermetallic compound with and without Ca addition. The results showed that Ca dissolving in Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase increased the strength of bonds that control the thermal stability of Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase. Additions of Ca also made the distribution of the valence electrons on the dominant bond network more uniform in the whole unit cell of Mg₁₇Al₁₂. The theoretical conclusions well account for the experimental results.     

高速摄像技术中TIG焊接过程的熔池和电极研究

TIG焊接过程中，熔池液体的流动和阴极表面的变化直接影响焊接质量和电弧稳定性的好坏。本采用高速摄像机配合光学窄带滤光片，很好地解决焊接过程熔池液体流动和电极现象的观察困难的问题，研究焊接过程中液面的流动和电极表面的变化情况。研究结果表明：焊接电弧的辐射由一些不连续波长的峰组成，选择950—960nm波长的红外窄带滤光片有选择地降低等离子体电弧的亮度，清晰地观察焊接过程中熔池表面的变化和电极表面的变化。熔池液体的对流的原因是由于温度差别造成的液体表面张力和密度不同、电弧等离子体的压力以及电弧电流的电磁力，液体流动的平均速度为0．12m／s，最高瞬间速度可达0．7m／s。在焊接过程中，电弧上方的电极表面形成钨枝晶和氧化钍富集区，是下一次使用时电弧的起弧点，电弧起弧的稳定性取决于电极尖端氧化钍的含量。     

AA改性纳米CaCO3/聚丙烯的结晶与熔融行为

用双螺杆挤出机制备了丙烯酸(AA)改性纳米CaCO3，PP复合材料，通过DSC研究改性纳米CaCO3，PP中PP的结晶与熔融行为。结果表明纳米CaCO3对PP有异相成核作用，加入纳米CaCO3可使PP结晶温度提高，对熔融峰温影响不大，但能诱导β-PP晶的形成，熔融曲线上出现双峰。随从用量增加，PP的结晶温度和β-PP熔融峰的强度都提高。DCP存在下，能进一步提高了AA改性纳米CaCO3/PP的结晶温度。