铬酸钠碱性液中氢氧化钠的高效分离研究

为实现铬铁矿碱溶得到的铬酸钠碱性液中Na2CrO4和NaOH的高效分离,研究了铬酸钠碱性液体系的蒸发结晶过程工艺,通过条件优化得到:碱性液的蒸发至碱度为47.67%(w%),结晶温度为40℃时,保温1 h后过滤,可以实现铬酸钠与氢氧化钠的有效分离。     

TS-2分子筛催化剂晶化条件对其催化活性的影响

以苯酚羟基化为考评体系,考察了TS-2分子筛催化剂在制备过程中晶化温度和晶化时间对形貌和性能的影响。通过粒度仪、XRD、FT-IR、UV-Vis等方法对催化剂进行了测试和表征。提出了将催化剂晶化分为低温成核期和高温生长期两个阶段。在保持低温成核期各条件不变的情况下,研究了高温生长期的各因素对催化剂粒径的影响。结果表明：催化剂的粒径、骨架钛含量、催化剂性能等与晶体生长期各因素关系密切,其最优的温度和时间分别为200℃和48h,但同时非骨架钛的相对含量也有一定程度的增加。     

反应结晶过程中六氨氯化镁的粒度分布

采用反应结晶法制备了六氨氯化镁,研究了各种操作条件对六氨氯化镁晶体粒度分布的影响,确定了晶体粒度分布的控制因素。结果表明:采用连续反应得到的六氨氯化镁平均粒径大于间歇反应,反应器两侧同时加料时的粒径大于一侧加料的粒径;适当提高搅拌转速,可以提高产品的平均粒径,降低加料速率和减少搅拌时间均可以提高平均粒径,晶种的加入可以使粒度分布更加均匀。     

PLA/热塑性淀粉和PLA/亚麻纤维可降解复合材料的性能研究

使用熔融共混方法,制备了PLA/热塑性淀粉(PLA/TPS)和PLA/亚麻纤维(PLA/FF)复合材料.研究结果表明,随着热塑性淀粉或者亚麻纤维用量的增加,PLA复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率都有所降低;而PLA的结晶速率呈现显著增大,并且晶粒细化;添加热塑性淀粉或者亚麻纤维,能够增加PLA复合材料的降解速率.     

Effect of Processing Parameters on Thermal Phenomena in Direct Laser Metallic Powder Deposition

Direct laser metallic powder deposition technique is widely used in manufacturing, part repairing, and metallic rapid prototyping. The ability to predict geometrical accuracy and residual stress requires an understanding of temperature distribution during the deposition process. This study presents a numerical model of three-dimensional transient heat transfer in a finite model heated by a moving laser beam. Thermal phenomena in the process were investigated. The complex solid-liquid problem and latent heat of fusion were treated by means of equivalent thermal conductivity and modified specific heat, respectively. Using method of birth and death of elements, the growth of additive layers and the shape of melt pool were obtained. The effect of processing parameters such as absorbed power, travel speed, and preheated temperature on melt pool sizes and cross-section of deposited layer profile was studied. The results show that the melt pool sizes increase with absorbed power and decrease with travel velocity. In addition, the preheated temperature contributes less to the melt pool size. The results are generally in a good agreement with experiments in published literature.     

Melt rheology of poly (lactic acid) plasticized by epoxidized soybean oil

This study investigated that epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) was blended as plasticizer with poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and its effects on the melt rheological properties, such as melt flow index, apparent shear viscosity, and melt strength of the blends. PLA was blended by the twin-screw plastic extruder at five mass fractions: 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, and 15% (based on PLA mass). Melt flow index (MFI) was examined with a melt flow indexer. The results indicate that the blends of PLA/ESO had higher MFI than pure PLA, except for MFI at 9% reaching to the lowest point, even lower than that of pure PLA. Melt rheological properties were studied by a capillary rheometer in a temperature range of 160–180 °C. The blends ends exhibited shear-thinning behavior and the apparent shear viscosity was well described by the power law in this shear rate region. The melt strength of PLA plasticized with 6% ESO reached the maximums. ESO was more effective in increasing the melt strength at the mass fractions less than 6%, which could toughen the blends to some extent. Therefore, the authors suggested the optimum addition level of 6%–9% ESO will get good melt rheological performance balance. Biography: XU Yuqiong (1974–), female, Ph.D., research direction: polymer composites.     

聚烯烃熔融挤出接枝马来酸酐的研究进展

对聚烯烃（聚乙烯和聚丙烯）进行马来酸酐单体接枝改性是拓宽聚烯烃使用范围的重要手段．文章对聚烯烃熔融接枝马来酸酐的反应机理、接枝率的影响因素以及提高接枝率的方法进行了综述,并展望了聚烯烃熔融挤出接枝马来酸酐的发展趋势．     

[C10H8N2]3[PMo12O40]·3H2O的合成、结构和表征研究

采用水热法合成一种新型的无机-有机多金属氧酸盐[C10H8N2]3[PMo12O40].3H2O.通过对其进行组成分析,并进行红外光谱,X-射线衍射和差热分析证实该化合物是目标产物且具有Keggin结构.在化合物中,[PMo12O40]3-是具有Keggin结构的建筑单元且与联吡啶偶合配位.     

宽厚板包晶钢的保护渣

针对包晶钢的凝固特性,研发了高碱度、高结晶速率、低结晶温度及低热流密度保护渣,并在宝钢3#连铸机上进行了试验研究.现场试验四个浇次的结果表明,使用改进渣的试验流铸坯无纵裂发生,而使用原渣的对比流铸坯裂纹率达到5%.优化保护渣有效防止了铸坯表面纵裂的发生.     

玻璃包覆铁基合金微丝制备微熔池的稳定性

保持微熔池稳定是采用玻璃包覆熔融纺丝法连续稳定制备微丝的前提.采用理论计算分析了感应加热器结构参数、加热电流、微熔池的体积、微熔池在感应加热器中的位置等因素对铁基合金微熔池温度和所受悬浮力的影响,获得了保持微熔池稳定的合理工艺参数.在合适的拉丝温度(1280℃左右)下,增大感应加热器锥角和下锥孔高度,减小感应加热器高度、下锥孔半径以及微熔池中心与下锥孔上端面之间的距离,均有利于提高铁基合金微熔池所受悬浮力;减小电流的同时减小微熔池的体积(质量),有利于减小重力与悬浮力差值.在本文研究条件下,整体感应加热器的合理结构尺寸为:感应加热器锥角120～130°,感应加热器高度12～14mm,下锥孔高度2～4mm,下锥孔半径3～4mm.微熔池中心与感应加热器下锥孔上端面之间的合理距离为4～6mm,合适的微熔池质量为1.5～2.0g.采用结构优化的整体感应加热器,并通过连续进料使微熔池的体积(质量)保持基本不变,实现了玻璃包覆铁基合金微丝的连续稳定制备.