约束电爆过程中石墨的纳米化机制

利用自行研制的约束电爆石墨制备低维纳米碳装置,通过改变初始充电电压与约束管管径进行系列性电爆实验,实验中对气溶胶形式的电爆产物进行原位取样,并进行显微分析.结合电爆产物显微分析结果和约束管中能量密度与电爆产物粒径间的关系,对电爆过程中石墨的纳米化机制进行研究.研究结果表明:电爆过程中约束管内产生的机械压缩波能够对石墨施加瞬间高压使石墨碎化,这一压缩波在传播过程中对已碎化的石墨进行反复冲击与剥离,从而导致石墨颗粒从约束管中喷射而出.在喷射过程中,石墨颗粒之间以及石墨颗粒与约束管壁之间不断发生碰撞,致使石墨颗粒进一步碎化,并形成低维纳米碳.     

带可替换耗能连接偏心支撑钢框架单调加载的受力性能分析

带可替换耗能连接的偏心支撑钢框架的框架梁由耗能连接和框架梁两部分构成,耗能连接具有震后替换方便、造价低等特点.采用Abaqus软件对10榀带可替换耗能连接的偏心支撑钢框架进行数值模拟.模拟中对该偏心支撑钢框架施加单调荷载,分析不同参数下可替换耗能连接及整个框架的承载能力、变形能力等力学性能.分析结果表明:带可替换耗能连接的偏心支撑钢框架能够很好地将结构的塑性变形集中在此耗能连接上,因此带有这种耗能连接的偏心支撑钢框架具有较高的承载力、延性、初始刚度,并且应力和应变分布较均匀.     

Characterizations of dissimilar S32205/316L welds using austenitic,super-austenitic and super-duplex filler metals

UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel plates were welded to AISI 316L stainless steel using the pulsed gas tungsten arc welding process with three different filler metals: ER2594, ER312, and ER385. The microstructures of the welds were characterized using optical and scanning electron microscopy, and all of the specimens were evaluated by ferrite measurements. The mechanical properties were studied through hardness, tensile, and impact tests. In addition, the pitting resistance equivalent number was calculated and cyclic polarization tests were performed to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the weld metal. The results showed that chromium nitride was formed in the heat-affected zone of the duplex side, whereas no sigma phase was detected in any of the specimens. The ferrite number increased from the root pass to the final pass. The absorbed energies of the impact test decreased with increasing ferrite number, whereas the tensile strength was enhanced. The fully austenitic microstructure of the specimen welded with ER385 exhibited the highest resistance to pitting corrosion at 25°C, and the super-duplex weld metal presented superior corrosion resistance at 50°C.     

赞比亚卢安西亚矿区复杂铜矿孔雀石的机械活化及浸出研究

Mechanical activation(MA) of malachite was carried out by dry planetary grinding(DPG) and wet Isa grinding(WIG) methods. When the rotational speed was increased to 400 r/min in DPG, the specific surface area of malachite reached the maximum and the particle size reached the minimum of 0.7–100 μm. Agglomeration occurred between mineral particles when the rotational speed was increased to 580 r/min in DPG.However, no agglomeration was observed among particles with sizes 0.4–3 μm in WIG. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that, at a 580 r/min rotational speed in DPG, the amorphization degree of malachite was 53.12%, whereas that in WIG was 71.40%, indicating that MA led to amorphization and distortion of crystal structures. In addition, in the Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectra of activated malachite, the bands associated with –OH, CO_3^2-and metal lattice vibrations of Cu–O and Cu–OH were weakened, and a new H–O–H bending mode and peaks of gaseous CO_2 appeared, indicating that MA decreased the band energy, enhanced dihydroxylation, and increased the chemical reactivity of the malachite.Furthermore, the leaching behavior of copper ore was greatly improved by MA.     

电子产品闭环供应链回收渠道选择研究

基于电子产品的短生命周期和价格依赖随机需求的特性,分别建立了零售商竞争环境下,制造商回收和零售商回收的闭环供应链模型,对比分析了这两种回收模式下的最优零售价和制造商利润,给出了制造商的最优回收渠道选择决策,并对模型进行了扩展分析.研究结果表明:当回收率为外生变量时,无论回收量为零售商订货量还是销售量的一定比例,且无论销售期末未售出产品残值为零与否,制造商都将选择零售商进行回收,两零售商之间的竞争程度并不影响制造商对于回收渠道的选择;当回收率为内生变量时,只有当系统参数变化使得零售商回收其全部订货量时,零售商回收才优于制造商回收.     

表面阻尼涂饰意杨单板的动态力学特性

为了开发防滑减振结构型胶合板,采用阻尼涂料对意杨单板进行表面涂饰处理,应用动态热机械分析技术,研究了意杨单板阻尼体系的动态力学特性,以构建具有自由型和约束型两种阻尼结构的新型木基阻尼结构体系。结果表明:①通过在意杨单板表面涂饰阻尼涂料构建意杨单板阻尼体系是可行的,该阻尼体系在常温环境下具有优异的阻尼性能。②涂层厚度对意杨单板阻尼体系的性能具有显著影响,损耗因子和有效阻尼温域均随阻尼涂料厚度的增加而增大,自由型阻尼涂料厚度为0.5～2.0 mm时,体系的损耗因子普遍高于0.10,峰值可超过0.30,约束型意杨单板阻尼体系在涂料厚度2.0 mm条件下损耗因子最大可达0.12。③意杨单板阻尼体系的动态力学行为与常规黏弹性高分子聚合物类似,满足温频等效机制。④采用阻尼涂料对意杨单板阻尼改性,自由型阻尼结构优于约束型阻尼结构。综合考虑,建议采用自由型阻尼结构,阻尼涂料厚度控制在1.5～2.0 mm。     

镁元素对挤压高铝锌合金的组织与性能的影响

研究了镁元素对挤压高铝锌合金的组织和力学性能的影响,结果表明：与未加镁的合金相比,加入0.015%Mg,合金挤压态的抗拉强度从366 MPa提高到467 MPa、布氏硬度从HB91提高到HB114,伸长率从43.6%降低到27%;在320 ℃×2 h固溶处理水淬室温自然时效状态下,合金的抗拉强度从389 MPa提高到488 MPa,布氏硬度从HB107提高到HB139,伸长率从41%降低到28.3%;镁元素影响过饱和β相转变和分解产物形态,能阻碍合金的共析分解和室温时效脱溶析出。     

弹簧隔振技术在废钢破碎机设计中的应用

针对废钢破碎机存在的振动过大的问题,本文应用弹簧阻尼隔振技术进行隔振。根据隔振理论,采用弹簧阻尼隔振器,设计调谐比为3.74,阻尼比约为0.1,使破碎机传到主控室以及地基的振动速度的最大值由4.83 mm/s降至1.82 mm/s。两年的实际运转表明,该设计保证了操作工人的身体健康,提高了设备以及附属建筑结构的安全性,隔振效率比原设计提高30%以上,具有广阔的市场前景。     

中药提取物声敏剂在声动力治疗动脉粥样硬化中的应用

目前, 动脉粥样硬化引起的心血管疾病发生率越来越高, 除昂贵的介入和搭桥治疗术外, 寻求一种简单、有效且经济的治疗方法至关重要. 声动力治疗是一种无创、安全的治疗方式, 其在动脉粥样硬化治疗中的应用很有前景. 声动力治疗中使用的药物为声敏剂, 是影响其疗效的主要因素之一. 研究人员一直致力于探讨不同种类声敏剂所带来的声动力效果在动脉粥样硬化治疗中起到的不同作用. 近年来, 在声敏剂的筛选研究中发现, 中药提取物有很大的潜在声敏剂价值. 简要总结了目前对声动力治疗机制及大黄素、姜黄素及其衍生物和金丝桃素作为声敏剂在声动力治疗动脉粥样硬化中的相关进展.     

关于三代汽车轮穀轴承外圈沟道磨床上下料的改进

三代汽车轮毂轴承外圈沟道磨床上下料时间较长,延长了机床的加工节拍,在磨削速度不能显著提高的环境下,只能减少非加工时间来提高效率,分析了原上下料存在的不足,详细介绍改进后的上下料结构及使用方法,实践证明改进后的上下料具有良好的稳定性、高效性,减少了机床的加工节拍,能够显著提高机床加工效率。