Three new species of free‐living marine nematodes from the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea,China

Three new species of marine nematodes belonging to the genera Paranticoma (family Anticomidae) and Parodontophora (family Axonolaimidae) are described from the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea. Paranticoma tricerviseta sp. nov. is similar to P. bandaenseMicoletzky and Kreis, in the spicules, but can be distinguished by the presence of a ventral projection on the spicules, three regularly arranged cervical setae in both the male and female, and two distinct ventral setae behind the anus. Parodontophora deltensis sp. nov. is close to P. paragranulifera (Timm, ) in the length of the amphids, with the ventral arm of the amphid extending past the base of the stoma, but can be separated by the ratio of dorsal arm length to ventral arm (0.36–0.55 versus 0.20–0.25) and the position of the excretory pore (at the middle level versus top level of the stoma), distinctive cervical setae arrangement and a longer renette cell. Parodontophora wuleidaowanensis sp. nov. is close to P. danker Belogurov and Kartavtseva, in the form of the amphids, but can be distinguished by the longer length of the ventral arm of the amphids and the distinctive arrangement of cervical setae.     

Description of four new species of the genus Ampelisca (Amphipoda,Ampeliscidae) from the northeastern and southeastern coasts of Brazil and designation of a neotype for Ampelisca soleata Oliveira, 1954

The present study raises the number of Ampelisca species recorded from the Brazilian coast from 18 to 21. The amphipod fauna of the Brazilian northeast coast is hardly known compared to that of the southeast coast. In this study, we describe three new species from the northeast coast: Ampelisca pseudobicarinata sp. nov., Ampelisca rocasensis sp. nov. and Ampelisca cristianae sp. nov, recorded previously as Ampelisca aff. lobata (Serejo et al. 2000 Serejo, CS, Wakabara, Y and Valério-Berardo, MT. 2000. Taxonomy and geographic distribution of Ampelisca (Amphipoda: Gammaridea) from the Brazilian coast. Polsk Archiw Hydrobiol., 47(3–4): 495–510.  [Google Scholar]). We also report a new record of Ampelisca burkei Barnard and Thomas, 1989 Barnard, JL and Thomas, JD. 1989. A new species, Ampelisca burkei, (Crustacea, Amphipoda) from Florida. Proc Biol Soc Washington., 102(2): 375–384.  [Google Scholar]. From the southeast coast a new species Ampelisca angraensis sp. nov. is described. An obscure species, Ampelisca soleata, which is very similar to Ampelisca brevisimulata, is herein redescribed and a neotype is designated. An updated key with all species of Ampelisca recorded from the Brazilian coast and comments on geographic distribution are given.     

Lernanthropus antofagastensis sp. nov. (Copepoda: Lernanthropidae) parasitic on Anisotremus scapularis in Chilean waters,and new records of Lernanthropus trachure (Brian, 1903)

Lernanthropus antofagastensis sp. nov., parasitic on Anisotremus scapularis, and inshore fish of Antofagasta, Chile, is described and illustrated. It resembles five other species of Lernanthropus in its dorsal plate and third leg, but can be distinguished from them by a combination of characters. L. trachuri Brian, 1903, is recorded, its male described and illustrated from specimens collected from Seriolella violacea and Trachurus murphy, taken in the same locality.     

溶剂型双组分重防腐涂料的制备及性能研究

采用可控阳离子聚合工艺制备含氟聚醚（fluoropolyether,FPO）,并以此FPO为软段、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯（diphenyl methane diisocyannate,MDI）为硬段、三乙醇胺（triethanolamine,TEA）为扩链剂合成软硬段质量比为1：3的热固性含氟聚氨酯（thermosetting fluorined polyurethane,S-FPU）。进而将γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷（γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane,KH550）和MDI改性的凹凸棒土（palygorskite-KH550,AT-KH550和palygorskite-MDI,AT-MDI）引入S-FPU中获得两种新型的S-FPU/AT-KH550和S-FPU/AT-MDI。根据涂料配方的标准,选择合适的片层状填料、溶剂体系,分别制备了以S-FPU,S-FPU/AT-KH550和S-FPU/AT-MDI为基体树脂的溶剂型双组分重防腐涂料。对涂膜的耐腐蚀性能、耐老化性能、耐水性能及表面性能进行了研究。结果表明：在相同测试时间内,以复合材料为基体的涂膜（S-FPU/AT-KH550和S-FPU/AT-MDI）的耐电化学腐蚀性能更优,涂膜损坏程度低;水环境中涂膜能够对金属实现良好的保护,防止金属基材生锈,涂膜不起泡,不脱落,变色、失光现象不明显,其中S-FPU/AT-MDI涂膜的性能最好,涂膜表面疏水性更优。     

舰船航速模糊控制系统仿真研究

随着船舶综合自动化技术的发展,船舶操纵运动的重要参数—船舶航速控制显得越加重要。本文主要研究模糊控制理论在航速控制中的应用。介绍了一种参数自调整的模糊控制器的设计,并以某一船舶为例,在ＰＣ机上实现了系统的计算机仿真。仿真结果表明,该模糊控制器具有良好的控制性能,对进一步应用研究具有较大参考价值。     

基于PLC的船舶电站物理仿真综合实验装置的监控设计

开发研制了船舶电站物理仿真实验装置,对其主要的工作原理,尤其是并车控制器设计部分进行简要地介绍.通过对分布式控制结构、底层数据采集和高端管理软件等方面的研究,提出利用WinCC6.0组态软件和西门子S7系列PLC对自动化电站物理仿真实验装置进行监控系统设计.仿真结果表明,系统可以正确地实时监测和记录,监测效果很好.     

氟苯尼考对海洋沉积物中氮循环的影响

为了评估抗生素对海洋沉积物氮素循环的影响,采用室内模拟实验研究了氟苯尼考存在下沉积物中氮素含量的变化.实验结果表明:氟苯尼考在低质量分数(1 mg/kg和10 mg/kg)下对沉积物间隙水中NH4—N含量的影响不显著,只有在较高质量分数(100 mg/kg和500 mg/kg)下才出现显著的NH4—N积累.培养前期,添加氟苯尼考可导致沉积物间隙水中NO2—N含量迅速降低,而培养后期氟苯尼考又表现为刺激NO2—N含量增加.培养的第2天,沉积物间隙水中NO3—N的含量有短时间的积累;培养4 d以后,高质量分数(500 mg/kg)的氟苯尼考又表现为对硝化作用的抑制.同时,实验表明:高质量分数(100 mg/kg和500 mg/kg)的氟苯尼考可抑制沉积物的氧化还原电位的变化.     

智能PID控制器在船舶发电机电压控制中的应用

解决船舶发电机在负荷突变尤其是大负荷突变时能够稳定发电机端电压是控制系统需要解决的基本问题.为此提出和使用一种新型智能PID控制系统,其中PID控制器由三层前馈神经网络组成.利用神经网络的自学习能力,PID控制器的参数能够根据系统动态特性通过神经网络权系数进行自行调整,其特点是结构简单、工作稳定.仿真结果表明,该智能PID控制器比传统的PID控制器具有对扰动响应速度快和具有更好的控制效果和更好的鲁棒性,能更好地稳定船舶发电机端电压.该智能PID控制器已用于船舶发电机控制系统中,并取得满意的效果.     

海洋真菌Aspergillus sp. MF134的抗菌特性

采用固体发酵和液体摇瓶震荡培养两种培养方法获得丝状真菌Aspergillus sp.MF134培养物,并从中提取活性物质.应用纸片扩散法和比浊法测定提取物的抑菌作用,探讨MF134菌的抗菌活性及影响因素.实验结果表明,该菌固体培养物的提取物对枯草杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)和白色假丝酵母(Cancia albicans)有明显的抑制作用.其抗菌活性产物主要在孢子形成时产生的,而且与海水的存在有关,海水培养物所产生的抗菌活性高于淡水培养物.