Platinum-group elements for the mantle peridotites in the Dazhuka ophiolite, Tibet, China

The total PGE amounts of mantle peridotites in the Dazhuka ophiolite, Tibet, are 28.37—50.67 ng/g, slightly higher than those of mantle peridotites in the primitive mantle, and typical ophiolites in the world, and the Alps-type mantle peridotites. The PGE distribution patterns in the Dazhuka mantle peridotites are also different from those of the mantle peridotites of partial melting relict origin. The Dazhuka mantle peridotites have relatively high total PGE amounts and are enriched in Pt, Pd, and Ru. Their PGE distribution patterns belong to the positively inclined- or swallow-type patterns. The PGE distribution patterns in the mantle peridotites of partial melting relict origin belong to the negative-slope patterns or flat patterns. This reflects the unique features of the upper mantle in this region. Relative enrichment in Pt and Pd, as well as in the incompatible elements Cu, Au, Cs, Rb, Ba, Th, U and LREE, indicates that the partial melting-derived relict mantle peridotites in the Dazhuka ophiolite had experienced intensive permeating and mixing processes of the melt and fluid both containing abundant incompatible elements.     

中国大陆东部盆地构造动力学分析

在中国大陆东部地区,松辽、渤海湾和苏北等—系列中、新生代大中型含油气盆地与郯庐断裂具有密切的时空关系。郯庐断裂活动是邻近地区断裂变形、深部物质作用、岩石圈减薄、岩浆作用以及盆地形成和演化的主要控制因素。断裂活动和盆地动力学过程可以分为３个阶段。①在印支至早燕山运动期间,由于太平洋板块向北西俯冲,郯庐断裂发生大规模左行压扭活动。在松辽地区,派生的应力场使早期的地壳断裂成为郯庐断裂的分支,并发生张剪变形;在渤海湾和苏北地区,早期的两组剪切断裂联合成北凸的弧形断裂。由于断裂的触发与减压作用,地壳上部进一步张裂,形成断陷盆地。②从晚侏罗世开始至早白垩世,太平洋板块的俯冲作用时强时弱,郯庐断裂压扭与拉张裂陷交替进行。同时,由于重力均衡和深部幔隆的收缩作用,使松辽盆地整体下沉,渤海湾和苏北地区仍是幔隆和断陷盆地形成时期。③新生代期间,郯庐断裂分段活动,由于印度板块与欧亚板块的强烈碰撞效应,渤海湾、苏北地区和郯庐断裂带南段共同受到北西—南东方向的伸展变形,地幔再次拱升,渤海湾和苏北盆地形成     

地幔中的水与重大地质现象和过程

地球地幔中的矿物都只是名义上的无水矿物,它们的结构缺陷里包含的水含量(表示为H_2O的质量分数)虽然都只是在ppm量级上,但是能够显著影响矿物(以至于岩石系统)的物理和化学性质。因此,地幔中的水在某种程度上决定着许多重大地质现象的出现和重大地质过程的发生。研究水与重大地质现象和过程之间的联系将成为今后发展地球科学理论的新生长点。     

大兴安岭中南段壳幔结构特征及对矿床的控制作用

大兴安岭中南段存在的总体明显呈北东—南西向的重力异常和磁法异常表明,该地区存在规模宏大的重力梯度带,在北东—北北东方向展布的嫩江超壳断裂附近,从北西到南东,地壳厚度骤减5 km。东部上地幔隆起区和西部上地幔凹陷区以及两者之间的斜坡上,特别是地壳厚度陡变带和深部两组断裂构造的交汇部位,控制了含矿岩浆、热液的运移和就位,形成了总体呈北东—南西向展布的铁(锡)铅锌多金属矿床,成为中国重要的有色金属成矿带之一。     

论峨眉地幔热柱活动的时效性

峨眉地幔热柱是目前世界上公认的少数几个地幔热柱之一.但是,它的活动时间一直是地学界争论的热点,观点一认为:它是指发生于早晚二叠世之间大量喷发的峨眉山玄武岩浆时期;观点二认为:它起源于晚泥盆世,包含石炭纪、二叠纪以及整个中生代,一直延续到新生代早期.作者通过对中国西南地区峨眉山玄武岩及相关岩浆活动的地质学、地球化学研究,...     

Seismic P-wave tomography in eastern Tibet: Formation of the rifts

For better studying the relationship between the rifts and deep structure, a detailed P-wave velocity structure under eastern Tibet has been modeled using 4767 arrival times from 169 teleseismic events recorded by 51 portable stations. In horizontal slices through the model, a prominent low-velocity anomaly was detected under the rifts from the surface to a depth of ~250 km; this extends to a depth of ~400 km in the vertical slice. This low-velocity anomaly is interpreted as an upper mantle upwelling. The o...     

Cloning and characterization of 37 kD laminin receptor precursor in pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata

A 1063bp cDNA clone encoding a putative 37 kD laminin receptor precursor (37 kD LRP) is isolated from the mantle tissue of pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata. The amino acid sequence predicted from the cDNA sequence is 301 residues long, with a calculated molecular mass of 33.5 kD. RT-PCR analysis shows that 37 kD LRP mRNA is especially highly expressed in the mantle while widely expressed in several tissues. In situ hybridization analysis reveales that 37 kD LRP is expressed in the outer epithelial cells of the mantle edge, suggesting its involvement in cell proliferation and secretion in P. fucata. The identification and characterization of 37 kD LRP in the pearl oyster will help us to further understand the signal transduction in the processes of mantle epithelial cell proliferation and tissue formation.     

Repeated modification of lithospheric mantle in the eastern North China Craton: Constraints from SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating of dunite xenoliths in western Shandong

Four dunite xenoliths from the Tietonggou intrusion of western Shandong,China,were subjected to SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating to constrain timing of the North China Craton(NCC) destruction,a topic of much controversy.Cathodoluminescence images revealed that 15 of the 18 zircon grains from the xenoliths display striped absorption.The rest showed oscillatory growth zoniation.All the zircons had variable contents of Th(49-3569 ppm;average,885 ppm) and U(184-5398 ppm;average,1277 ppm),and variable Th/U ratios(0.15-2.04).These zircon characteristics indicate a magmatic origin.The zircon age data can be divided into five groups:131-145,151-164,261-280,434-452,and 500-516 Ma.Group I(131-145 Ma) is consistent with timing of formation of the Tietonggou high-Mg diorites.Group II(151-164 Ma) is similar in age to Middle-Late Jurassic magmatism in the eastern NCC,which included both mantle-derived and intensive crust-derived magmatism.Group III(261-280 Ma) is similar in age to the Emeishan large igneous province,and Group IV(434-452 Ma) is similar in age to Paleozoic high-silica magmatism in the eastern NCC.Group V(500-516 Ma) may correspond to the global Pan-African event.Results indicate repeated modification of lithospheric mantle in the eastern NCC,and suggest that the most intensive modification occurred in the late Mesozoic(131-164 Ma).     

初探地球内部幔羽现象的导热机制

对近些年国际地学界在地球的核、幔之间新发现的幔羽现象和它的若干特征做了较仔细的分析；然后再依据幔羽现象生长的不稳定性和演化的运动形态，提供了幔羽孤立波导热的可能机制；经分析后指出，这种传导孤立热波物质可能是一种熔态类晶体．由于这种物态存在，它将为地震成因和触发机理研究增加新的内容和复杂性质。