Hot deformation mechanism and microstructure evolution of an ultra-high nitrogen austenitic steel containing Nb and V

The flow curves of an ultra-high nitrogen austenitic steel containing niobium (Nb) and vanadium (V) were obtained by hot compression deformation at temperatures ranging from 1000℃ to 1200℃ and strain rates ranging from 0.001 s-1 to 10 s-1. The mechanical behavior during hot deformation was discussed on the basis of flow curves and hot processing maps. The microstructures were analyzed via scanning electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction. The relationship between deformation conditions and grain size after dynamic recrystallization was obtained. The results show that the flow stress and peak strain both increase with decreasing temperature and increasing strain rate. The hot deformation activation energy is approximately 631 kJ/mol, and a hot deformation equation is proposed. (Nb,V)N precipitates with either round, square, or irregular shapes are observed at the grain boundaries and in the matrix after deformation. According to the discussion, the hot working should be processed in the temperature range of 1050℃ to 1150℃ and in the strain rate range of 0.01 to 1 s-1.     

Effects of cooling rate and Al on MnS formation in medium-carbon non-quenched and tempered steels

The effect of Al on the morphology of MnS in medium-carbon non-quenched and tempered steel was investigated at three different cooling rates of 0.24, 0.43, and 200℃·s-1. The formation mechanisms of three types of MnS were elucidated based on phase diagram information combined with crystal growth models. The morphology of MnS is governed by the precipitation mode and the growth conditions. A monotectic reaction and subsequent fast solidification lead to globular Type I MnS. Type II MnS inclusions with different morphological characteristics form as a result of a eutectic reaction followed by the growth in the Fe matrix. Type III MnS presents a divorced eutectic morphology. At the cooling rate of 0.24℃·s-1, the precipitation of dispersed Type III MnS is significantly enhanced by the addition of 0.044wt% acid-soluble Al (Al_s), while Type II MnS clusters prefer to form in steels with either 0.034wt% or 0.052wt% Al_s. At the relatively higher cooling rates of 200℃·s-1 and 0.43℃·s-1, the formation of Type I and Type II MnS inclusions is promoted, and the influence of Al is negligible. The results of this work are expected to be employed in practice to improve the mechanical properties of non-quenched and tempered steels.     

国产X70管线钢与焊接接头组织及SSCC性能

输气管道的服役条件多为潮湿环境,输送介质含H2S.随着国产X70管线钢在西气东输工程中的应用,国产高强度管线钢硫化物应力腐蚀开裂(SSCC)性能研究显得尤为重要.为此,测试、分析了国产X70管线钢及其焊缝的组织,进一步采用慢应变速率法(SSRT)研究了H2S对国产X70管线钢及其焊接接头SSCC的影响,国产X70管线钢及其焊接接头在含H2S腐蚀介质中应力腐蚀敏感性随H2S浓度的增加而增加,在H2S质量分数为50×10-400时,母材的脆性系数为19. 9500,焊缝的脆性系数高达59. 1900.若以2500视为安全值,则在H2S浓度为50×10-40时的母材就SSCC而言是安全的,而焊缝却是不安全的.     

针形锂电池CR425的研制

采用Li—MnO2电池材料和工艺制造CR425锂电池．重点对正极活性物质的加工制备及电池组装工艺进行了试验和改进．通过XRD试验测试了热处理前后电解二氧化锰(EMD)的结构，对制备的电池在不同温度下进行恒电流和恒电阻放电，并对贮存1周、3个月和6个月电池的开路电压、短路电流、内阻及放电容量进行了测试．结果表明，电池性能完全满足CR425锂电池的技术要求，可作为夜间钓鱼时的发光浮标或商务通用笔夜间使用时的照明电源．     

奥氏体锰钢应变诱发马氏体相变热力学分析

文章在Ｆｅ－Ｘ－Ｃ系规则溶液模型基础上，结合奥氏体锰钢的工况条件，计算了中锰钢和高锰钢在Ｍｓ温度和室温时的△Ｇγ→α，△Ｇγ→Ｍ及外界机械能。从而找到了奥氏体锰钢的屈服强度和相变驱动力之间关系。从热力学上阐明了中锰钢能够发生应变诱发马氏体相变。     

生物滤层中铁、锰氧化细菌的时空分布特征

以生物滤柱为反应器,对含铁、锰地下水进行处理.试验表明,沿层深度由于环境、底物浓度及运行条件的不同,除铁除锰生物滤层内细菌数量及其分布在时间和空间上都呈动态变化.滤层内除锰能力的变化趋势和特点与滤层内细菌数量及其分布的变化规律大体上是一致的.     

硼、锰营养对大豆光合特性的影响

以金华市缺硼、缺锰的深层红壤为基质进行了土培试验,研究了不同硼、锰水平对不同生育期大豆光合特性的影响.结果表明,适量的硼、锰单施及硼、锰配施均能提高大豆叶片的叶绿素含量,增强大豆的光合速率和呼吸速率,减少可溶性糖在功能叶的积累,硼、锰适量配施效果最好.且锰促进光合作用的效果优于硼,而硼比锰更有利于可溶性糖的转运,表明适量施用硼、锰能提高大豆的光合生产力,硼、锰适量配施存在明显的相互促进作用.     

腐殖酸对高锰酸盐预氧化工艺剩余锰的影响

烧杯搅拌试验表明,水中腐殖酸对高锰酸钾预氧化工艺的剩余锰浓度有重要影响．水中腐殖酸浓度增加,剩余锰浓度呈上升趋势．高锰酸钾投量与水中的腐殖酸浓度存在一定的定量关系,为控制一定的剩余锰浓度,如原水的腐殖酸浓度较高,高锰酸钾投量需相应提高．预氧化时间是控制剩余锰浓度的重要因素,适当的预氧化时间有助于降低剩余锰浓度,过度延长则有可能使剩余锰浓度升高．     

微波消解-催化动力学光度法测定茶叶中微量锰

利用微波消解法前处理样品,同时研究了在pH值为9.2的Na2B4O7-NaOH缓冲溶液介质中阳离子表面活性剂溴化十六烷基吡啶对Mn(Ⅱ)催化H2O2氧化二甲酚橙的褪色反应具有明显的增敏作用,建立了催化动力学光度法测定痕量Mn(Ⅱ)的新方法.该方法的线性范围为0.04~0.40μg/mL,检出限为0.009 6μg/mL.用于茶叶中微量锰(Ⅱ)的测定,回收率为98.3%~102.3%,结果令人满意.     

伞齿轮精锻模超塑成形热喷涂层的超塑性固相扩散焊接

本文研究了３Ｃｒ２Ｗ８ＶＡ钢伞齿轮精锻模型腔火焰喷涂Ｇ１１２ＷＣ合金层及在模具精密成形时涂层的超塑性扩散焊接。在８２０℃，应变速率ε为３×１０－４ｓ－１的压缩条件下．基材和涂层均发生超塑协调变形，实现稳定可靠的超塑固相连接。研究表明，此时涂层孔洞闭合，涂层颗粒间界及涂层与基材的结合界面完全焊合。超塑性扩散焊接涂层的结合强度与高频和火焰重熔涂层相当，其耐磨性比高频重熔和火焰重熔高２０％～３０％，比改善前３Ｃｒ２Ｗ８ＶＡ模具高达６０％以上。