花叶连翘软枝扦插育苗技术

根据太原市园林植物研究中心2011年从河南引进的新优彩叶植物花叶连翘在太原市的栽植情况，通过软枝扦插繁殖试验，详细阐述了花叶连翘软枝扦插育苗技术。     

玉米抗旱性评价指标的系统分析

对可用于玉米抗旱性评价的指标进行了系统研究,并借引了灰色关联度分析法进行了评价指标的筛选。研究结果表明:对于一个玉米品种进行抗旱性鉴定,不仅需进行多指标的重复测定,且需综合评定各生育时期的抗旱性。因而提出种子萌发胁迫指数、干旱后幼苗存活率、抗旱系数三位一体的初级鉴定指标,同时结合光合速率、ABA含量、NRase活性等次级鉴定指标的玉米抗旱性鉴定指标体系。表1,参28。     

Analysis of the Protein Electrophoresis Patterns of Curvularia Lunata in Maize and Immunological Detection of the Pathogenic Culture

Twelve isolates of Curvularia lunata and six related species from maize or other host plants are examined for the analysis of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) patterns of their soluble proteins,Differences exist significantly among different species and the same species.There is a special protein band for Curvularia at relative mobility value 0.177(Rf 0.177) and a special protein band for C.lunata at Rf 0.225,Two kinds of rpimary antibodies to C.lunata are used to indirect ELISA and Avidin-Biotion-peroxidase Complex(ABC) immunoassay to evaluate their detecting sensitivity and specificity,The sensitivity of ABC immuno- assay is higher than indirect ELISA.APAbs to C.lunata is special to C.lunata.     

药用甘草实生苗发育结构的比较形态学研究

药用甘草的根属肉质直根,由下胚轴、主根、侧根发育而成。下胚轴横切面初生维管束四束,髓射线较宽,束间形成层不明显,次生生长后维管束环状排列,维管射线不明显。主根初生生长四原型结构,次生生长与一般双子叶植物很相似。三个不同甘草种组织分化速度稍有变化,但其形成过程没有本质上的差异。     

云南省玉米灰斑病菌孢子相关生物学特性研究

为探明玉米灰斑病在云南省发病较重的原因,该试验在田间条件下,采用人工喷雾接种玉米灰斑病菌,研究玉米灰斑病潜育期、病斑产孢、孢子飞散以及菌龄、温度、湿度和光照对孢子萌发的影响.结果表明:昆明地区玉米灰斑病在感病品种会单4号上的潜育期为12～13d;病斑产孢量随显症天数的增加呈单峰曲线,显症后24～27d病斑产孢量达到最大值;玉米灰斑病菌孢子主要在夜间飞散,风或雨有助于孢子的飞散与传播;菌龄对孢子萌发影响较大,随菌龄的增长,孢子萌发率降低;在10～30℃时,分生孢子均能萌发,但以22℃最适,35℃以上或4℃时均不能萌发;水滴有利于孢子萌发,光照对孢子萌发影响较小.     

密度对不同株型玉米产量及主要农艺性状的影响

该试验选取平展型长玉13、半紧凑型东单60和紧凑型郑单958等3种株型玉米为试材,分别在39 000,48 000,57 000株/hm2等3个密度下种植,分析了种植密度对不同株型玉米籽粒产量、穗粒性状和植株性状的影响.结果表明:3个品种的玉米产量随种植密度的增加而增加,且半紧凑型东单60产量最高;随种植密度的增加,行粒数、穗长、穗粗、轴粗、穗位叶面积和千粒质量呈下降趋势;株高、穗位高和雄穗分枝数呈上升趋势;各性状受株型与密度的互作影响不大.因此,在重庆提高玉米单产的关键是选取优良的丰产品种,并合理密植.     

Changes in the power spectrum of electrical signals in maize leaf induced by osmotic stress

To quantify the characteristics of the power spectrum of plant electrical signals, we defined the following concepts:spectral edge frequency (SEF), spectral center frequency (SCF), power index (PI) and power spectral entropy (PSE). These parameters were used to examine and quantify changes in the power spectrum of electrical signals in maize leaves under osmotic stress. In the absence of osmotic stress, the SEF of the electrical signal in maize leaves was approx. 0.2 Hz and the SCF was approx. 0.1 Hz. The electrical signal in maize leaves was mainly a slow wave signal with a frequency of 0-0.1 Hz. After 2 h osmotic stress, the SEF and SCF of the electrical signal increased to higher frequencies. The proportion of the fast wave frequency also increased to 0.1-0.2 Hz, resulting in a dramatic increase in PSE. We also found that the changes in PSE and SCF were significantly correlated during osmotic stress. We propose that the changes in the PSE and SCF in maize leaves can be used as a sensitive signal indicating water deficit in leaf cells under osmotic stress. Thus, measurement of SCF or PSE of electrical signals in maize leaves could be used to develop early warning and rapid diagnosis techniques for the water demands of plants.     

滇柏容器轻基质育苗技术

作者根据容器育苗特点,总结出适合陕南地区滇柏容器轻基质育苗实践经验,以便于在生产上推广应用。     

海冰水不同盐含量处理对棉花、小麦和玉米种子萌发影响

实验采用盐的质量分数w(盐)分别为1,3,5,7,9 g.kg-1的海冰水及纯水对照处理棉花(GoddypiumhirdutumL.)、小麦(Triticum aestivumL.)和玉米(ZeamaysL.)3种作物种子,每发芽盒50粒,置自控培养箱内萌发7 d.定时观测记录种子发芽数、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、芽长、根长.结果表明:在海冰水盐分胁迫下,棉花、小麦、玉米种子的相对发芽率、相对发芽指数均随w(盐)增加呈下降趋势;在w(盐)=1~9 g.kg-1的处理范围内,3种作物的种子发芽率均高于50%.但3种种子根芽抑制指数差异显著,棉花在w(盐)=1~9 g.kg-1范围内,根芽抑制指数变幅不大,承受能力最强,而对玉米,小麦来说,w(盐)=5 g.kg-1处理是个界限,当w(盐)≥5 g.kg-1时,小麦玉米的根、芽生长明显受到抑制.因此海冰水作为农业灌溉水源时,棉花可以作为该区域内首选的经济耐盐作物予以广泛种植,但应适当考虑加大播种量,同时严格控制海冰灌溉水的w(盐).     

不同家系交趾黄檀种子萌发及幼苗生长差异

【目的】揭示交趾黄檀种子特性、变异规律及其对苗期生长的影响,筛选交趾黄檀优良家系。【方法】对来源于泰国的32个交趾黄檀家系的种子形态(种子长、种子宽、种子厚、千粒质量),发芽特征(发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数)和苗期生长性状(苗高、地径、生物量)进行综合评价分析。【结果】32个交趾黄檀家系种子表型性状变异丰富,不同种子形态性状在家系间均达到显著水平差异,千粒质量变幅为18.04～32.93 g(表型变异系数12.88%)。交趾黄檀发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和苗期生长性状差异显著。千粒质量与苗高、地径呈显著正相关。综合相关性和隶属函数评价分析表明,20号、23号、18号家系综合表现较好。【结论】32个交趾黄檀家系在表型性状方面存在较大差异,20号家系在苗期生长表现最优,可作为交趾黄檀育苗的首选家系。