Cardiac cellular electrophysiology: past and present

Summary The time-course of the cardiac action potential can be accounted for in terms of ionic currents crossing the cell membranes. Depolarizing current is carried by Na⁺ or Ca²⁺ entering the cells, repolarizing current by K⁺ leaving the cells. Membrane permeability for the passive movement of these ions is thought to be voltage-dependent as well as time-dependent. Net transfer of charge may also result from active transport, 2 Na⁺ out against 1 K⁺ in; or coupled exchange, 3 or 4 Na⁺ in against 1 Ca²⁺ out. This review follows the path by which present-day knowledge has been reached. It also gives a few examples to illustrate that electrophysiology has provided concepts useful to clinical cardiology.     

桥丝式电火工品安全电流的预测

通过瞬态脉冲无损检测试验得到桥丝式电火工品的电阻和集总热散失系数等电热响应参数,利用这些电热响应参数分别采用Rosenthal的集总热参数模型和BP神经网络模型方法预测电火工品的安全电流。结果表明：两种方法预测的安全电流较高的电火工品,在相同的恒流脉冲下发火的概率较小。电火工品瞬态脉冲无损检测技术与BP神经网络模型方法相结合,可以用来预测电火工品的安全电流。     

海面流场卫星遥感方法综述

海表面流矢量是海洋和气象领域诸多过程中最基本、最重要的要素,它们对海洋中多种生物过程、化学过程和物理过程都有制约作用,因此,掌握全球范围的海流信息和规律无论是对于海洋学本身的研究,还是与海洋密切相关的渔业、航运等都有重要意义。测量海流比较直接的方式是"现场观测",然而这种方法的空间覆盖范围有限,且观测成本较高。岸基高频地波雷达是专门用来测量沿岸海流的雷达设备,然而其测量的空间范围有限,不能进行全球观测。卫星遥感能够实现低成本、高空间分辨率、以及全球范围的海场测量。本文对海面流场卫星遥感方法进行综述,其中包括多时相示踪物测量法、卫星高度计测量法、合成孔径雷达多普勒中心偏移法、以及合成孔径雷达沿航向干涉法,并对海面流场卫星遥感方法进行展望。     

Chandrasekhar方程之拉氏形式,Neother流及其反散射方程

文中给出了Chandrasckhar方程的拉氏形式,由此导出了三种类型的Neother守恒流并将此方程化为手征形式,进而给出其反散射方程。     

磁化水在煤层注水中的应用

为了防止煤与瓦斯突出、冲击矿压等灾害,预防自然发火等,探讨了磁化水的性质、磁场作用机理及磁技术在煤层注水方面的应用前景。研究结果表明,必须在合适的磁场作用下水的表面张力才能降低到最小;磁处理后,可以明显减少水中某些元素,这对于减少矿井水对管道的腐蚀具有重要意义：磁化水能够增加煤岩体的饱和吸水量,增加水在煤岩介质中的渗透性。磁场作用机理主要表现在可以使水分子缔合体分解成为单分子水或较小的缔合水分子,使水分子键长、键角加大,使水的活性增加、黏性降低。磁化水在煤层注水方面具有良好的应用前景。     

Application of adjoint assimilation technique in simulating tides and tidal currents of the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea

Considering the interaction of different tidal waves, an adjoint numerical model is developed to simulate M2, S2, K1 and O1 tidal waves in the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea （B-Y-E） simultaneously. Compared with previous researches, by using the adjoint assimilation technique to inverse open boundary conditions and bottom friction coefficients based on altimetric data from TOPEX/Poseidon （T/P） and tidal gauges data, the precision of the numerical simulation is significantly improved. Selecting 14 days of simulated results after the initial wanning run to conduct harmonic analysis, the results can show the characteristics of M2, S2, K1 and O1 tidal wave systems perfectly in B-Y-E. Compared with 9 current stations, the calculated harmonic constants of tidal currents for M2 and K1 are in good agreement with the observed ones.     

高频MOSFET并联运行及驱动特性研究

提出一种高频MOSFET驱动电路，分析研究了高频MOSFET双管并联动态开头模式下出现的不均流问题。小功率电路实验结果表明，采取两个并联MOSFET对称分布，且通过调节栅极输入电阻使两个MOSFET特性参数匹配等措施，可获得较好的均流效果，在1MHz工作频率下可实现两管同时开关。     

Drifter trajectory tracking experiment and analysis with multi-frequency HFSWR in the East China Sea

We conducted the drifter trajectory tracking experiment for two drifters in the East China Sea,in which the currents were detected by two multi-frequency HFSWRs using the Lagrange-tracking method.The tracking drifter trajectory shows good agreement with the GPS records by qualitative and quantitative analysis that indicates that drifter tracking by HFSWR is valid.In the 12-hour tracking for drifters P1 and P2,the average errors are 1.84 km,1.73 km,and the maximum errors are 3.52 km and 3.12 km,respectively.The current measurement is evaluated by an acoustic Doppler current profilers(ADCP) in-situ observation,and it is the first multi-frequency HFSWR ocean surface monitoring experiment in China.In addition,the main aspects(HFSWR current measurement error,wind,and wave) influencing the tracking accuracy are discussed,and especially the wind factor’s impact is analyzed through the wind filed data.