化学沉淀法脱除焦化废水中的氨氮

研究了pH值、温度、化学试剂Na2HPO4·12H2O和MgCl2·6H2O的加入量等对焦化废水中氨氮脱除效果的影响。实验结果表明,当焦化废水中添加的Na2HPO4·12H2O和MgCl2·6H2O使NH4+∶Mg2+∶PO3-4的比率为1∶1∶1时,在pH=8～10的条件下,无论是均合池的生化进水还是混沉池的生化外排水,都可以将其氨氮含量脱除至10mg/L以下。     

NaCl沉积和SO2污染对镁合金初期大气腐蚀行为的影响

借助扫描电镜(SEM/EDX)、X射线衍射(XRD)研究了NaCl单个因素对镁合金AZ91D初期腐蚀行为的影响,并对SO2和NaCl的协同作用进行了探讨.NaCl存在时初期破坏金属表面的保护膜,但后期微溶性腐蚀产物的生成导致腐蚀速率的降低.当NaCl和SO2同时存在时,反应生成的可溶性产物不具有阻碍的作用,同时他们会发生部分溶解生成自由移动的离子,大量难溶物在镁合金表面难以短时间形成,故NaCl和SO2同时存在引起的腐蚀远大于两者单独存在时引起的腐蚀加和.NaCl和SO2对镁合金的初期大气腐蚀具有明显的协同作用.     

AZ91D铸造镁合金交流脉冲双极微弧电沉积陶瓷膜

利用交流脉冲方法在AZ91D铸造镁合金表面成功实现阴、阳极微弧电沉积陶瓷膜,并使用SEM和xRD等手段对陶瓷膜的厚度、组织形貌、成分、结构和耐蚀性作了相应研究分析.结果表明,应用交流脉冲方法不仅能够在AZ91D铸造镁合金上实现阴、阳双极微弧电沉积陶瓷膜,同时在阴、阳极陶瓷膜中电沉积有稀土元素Ce.通过比较动电位扫描极化曲线和交流阻抗分析发现阴、阳极微弧氧化处理后AZ91D镁合金的耐蚀性得到显著提高.     

退火工艺对轧制AZ31镁合金组织和性能的影响

对AZ31镁合金轧制板材在不同温度和时间进行了退火,研究了在退火过程中组织和性能的变化规律.实验结果表明,300℃轧制后的AZ31镁合金薄板材的组织中存在大量的孪晶.退火后,孪晶逐渐消失,形成等轴的再结晶晶粒.晶粒尺寸随退火温度的升高而变大,随退火时间的延长先细化后长大.同时,退火后板材的抗拉强度略有下降,但伸长率有明显提高,在200℃退火120 min后,伸长率可达到28%.     

玄武岩织物增强水泥基复合材料拉伸力学性能

利用美特斯(MTS)万能试验机研究了掺入不同体积掺量(0、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%)短切碳纤维、玻璃纤维、钢纤维的2层和3层玄武岩纤维织物增强水泥基复合材料的拉伸力学性能.结果表明:短切碳纤维、玻璃纤维、钢纤维均可明显增加玄武岩纤维织物增强水泥基复合材料的开裂强度,并且存在最优体积掺量;在0~1.5%掺量范围内、2层织物时,开裂强度随着3种短纤维掺量的增加而增加,掺量1.5%时最大;3层织物时,开裂强度随着碳纤维、钢纤维掺量的增加先增加后减小,掺量1.0%时达到最大值,而随着玻璃纤维掺量的增加持续增加,掺量1.5%时最大.短切碳纤维、玻璃纤维不能增加其峰值荷载,而钢纤维则明显提高其峰值荷载,2层织物时最优掺量为1.5%,3层织物时最优掺量为0.5%.     

Effect of minor Sc on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

The as-cast and heat-treated microstructures and mechanical properties of the AZ91 magnesium alloys with and without minor Sc addition were investigated and compared in this paper. The results indicated that adding0.15–0.45 wt% Sc to the as-cast AZ91 alloy not only could modify and refine the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase but also suppress the formation of the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase. At the same time, the grains of the Sc-containing as-cast AZ91 alloys were also effectively refined. As a result, the mechanical properties at room temperature(RT) for the Sccontaining as-cast AZ91 alloys were effectively improved. In addition, adding 0.15–0.45 wt%Sc to the AZ91 alloy promoted the formation of the continuous precipitates(CP) during the aging treatment in spite of that the formation of the discontinuous precipitates(DP) was simultaneously suppressed. Accordingly, the Sc-containing as-aged AZ91 alloys obtained the relatively higher mechanical properties at RT than the as-aged AZ91 alloy.     

Development of liquid-nitrogen-cooling friction stir spot welding for AZ31 magnesium alloy joints

A liquid-nitrogen-cooling friction stir spot welding (C-FSSW) technology was developed for welding AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets. The liquid-nitrogen cooling degraded the deformability of the welded materials such that the width of interfacial cracks increased with increasing cooling time. The grain size of the stirred zone (SZ) and the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the C-FSSW-welded joints decreased, whereas that of the thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ) increased with increasing cooling time. The maximum tensile shear load of the C-FSSW-welded joints welded with a cooling time of 5 or 7 s was larger than that of the friction stir spot welding (FSSW)-welded joint, and the tensile shear load decreased with increasing cooling time. The microhardness of the C-FSSW-welded joints was greater than that of the FSSW-welded joint. Moreover, the microhardness of the SZ and the HAZ of the C-FSSW-welded joints increased, whereas that of the TMAZ decreased, with increasing cooling time.     

MgFeSiO_4 prepared via a molten salt method as a new cathode material for rechargeable magnesium batteries

Well-crystallized MgFeSiO4 microparticles were synthesized at different temperatures by a simple molten salt method using KCl flux. As a new cathode for rechargeable magnesium batteries,the material shows a reversible Mg2+ intercalation-deintercalation process. In 0.25 mol/L Mg(AlCl2EtBu) 2/THF electrolyte,MgFeSiO4 synthesized at 900°C can deliver a 125.1 mAh/g initial dis-charge capacity and a 91.4% capacity retention on the 20th cycle at a rate of 0.1C(about 15.6 mA/g) . The results show that MgFeSiO4 cou...     

Enhanced mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets by continuous bending process after V-bending

The effects of V-bending process, continuous bending process and combination process on the microstructure and mechanical properties and formability of an AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet were investigated. The experimental results showed that no twins were found in the microstructure of all samples after processes due to the fine grain. The V-bending and continuous bending processes were proved to be an effective approach to modify the mechanical properties and formability. While the samples after the combination process exhibited better mechanical properties and formability than the single processed sample. The yield strength significantly decreased with the value of 100 MPa and the fracture elongation enhanced to 18.3% at room temperature. The Erichsen value was 5.0 mm which was significantly increased by 117% compared with as-received sample. The superior formability of combination processed samples was mainly attributed to the smaller r-value and n-value.     

工程水泥基复合材料自愈合过程与产物

借助环境扫描电镜(ESEM)对纤维表面以及15,30,50μm不同宽度裂缝自愈合产物的生长过程进行了连续观察,结合EDS(energy dispersive spectroscopy)、TEM(transmission electron microscopy,透射电镜)、XRD(X-raydiffraction)及FTIR(fourier transform infrared spectroscopy)等先进研究手段,对工程水泥基复合材料(ECC)裂缝自愈合产物的化学特性进行了分析.结果表明,体系中水泥基材料的进一步水化及C-S-H凝胶和CaCO3晶体的生成是裂缝自愈合的主要原因.宽度15μm裂缝的自愈合产物主要为C-S-H凝胶;宽度30μm裂缝的自愈合产物主要为C-S-H凝胶和CaCO3;观察周期内,宽度50μm形成的自愈合产物量无法填满裂缝.从微观层次上看,宽度30μm以下的裂缝几乎都能完全自愈合.同时,ECC材料中的PVA(聚乙烯醇)纤维有亲水特性,为自愈合产物的形成提供了成核点,有助于ECC材料自愈合产物的形成和生长.