The late Paleoproterozoic extension event:aulacogens and dyke Swarms in the North China craton

The extension structures and tectonic implication in the North China Craton ( NCC) are discussed in this paper based on the mafic dyke swarms and geochronology, combining with the geochronology of aulacogens. The late Paleoproterozoic time is the important turning point in the Precambrian evolution of the NCC. The extension system (e.g. aulacogens and dyke swarms) is widespread in the NCC, which marks the carbonization of the NCC with the rigid characteristic similar to the modern plate. The paleostress field modeling suggests that the dyke swarms and aulacogens are arogenic extension marking the start of the supercontinent, not synorogenic and post-orogenic extension. The mafic dyke swarms in the NCC mainly ranged from 1.83 to 1.77 Ga. The extension of the NCC is very limited brittle extension, the average extension ratio is only 0.35% given by mafic dyke swarms extension calculation, so most of extension in the NCC is contributed by the aulacogens. The mafic dyke swarms are related with the aulacogens in the origin.     

海南石碌铁矿基性岩脉地球化学特征及其地质意义

海南石碌铁矿是我国最大的富铁矿床。对产出于该矿床的基性岩脉进行了系统的岩石学和地球化学研究,探讨了其成岩环境和成岩方式及其与铁多金属矿的关系。结果表明,该基性岩脉主要由绿泥石(70%~83%)、石英(5%)、方解石(2%~3%)以及少量的磁铁矿、绢云母组成,岩石发生过强烈的蚀变作用,保留有辉石、斜长石的残留矿物假象;岩石相对富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素、亏损高场强元素(Nb,Ta,Ti);在Zr/Y-Zr、Ti-Zr-Y图解上落于由岛弧向板内构造环境过渡区域。结合海南岛其它地方及中国东南部地区同时代基性岩脉的地球化学特征以及前人对该基性岩脉的定年研究(97 Ma),认为白垩世晚期海南岛已成为华南板块的一部分,与整个中国东南部一样经历了强烈的区域拉张作用,使得发生过流体交代作用的地幔岩石发生减压熔融,沿构造薄弱带灌入,同时携带了大量气水热液,对石碌铁多金属矿床进行了一定的改造富化。     

桃山-诸广铀成矿带成岩成矿年代学研究进展

桃山-诸广铀成矿带是中国重要的花岗岩型铀成矿带,产铀花岗岩体主要有桃山复式岩体、诸广山复式岩体(南部)、贵东复式岩体(东部)。对铀成矿带内近年来与铀成矿关系密切的花岗岩、基性岩和铀矿化作用的年代学数据进行收集,总结带内成岩成矿年代学研究进展,进而分析存在的主要问题。统计结果表明,近年来高精度的年代学数据一定程度上提高了年代学的精度,促进了对花岗岩、基性岩与铀成矿关系的认识。但是,带内年代学数据主要存在以下问题:(1)花岗岩锆石U-Pb测年结果存在数据偏少、平均标准权重偏差(mean squared weighted deviation, MSWD)高、高铀数据未剔除等问题,且不能为复式岩体的时序的厘定提供依据;(2)基性岩脉多采用Ar-Ar法(易受后期蚀变或热时间影响)和高精度U-Pb法(基性岩浆往往难以结晶出大量锆石);(3)铀成矿年龄测试方法易受检测限、标准样品、高铀效应的影响。综上所述,尽管近年来高精度年代学深化了对铀成作用的认识,但是年代学的测试方法、数据处理等方面仍需要解决。     

SHRIMP U-Pb dating and Hf isotopic analyses of zircons from the mafic dyke swarms in central Qiangtang area, Northern Tibet

In the ＂Central Uplift＂ of Qiangtang, Northern Tibet, a large scale of mafic dyke swarms extended in E-W direction. Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating on two representative samples of diabase dyke yield weighted mean ages of 284 ± 3 Ma and 302 ± 4 Ma, respectively, suggesting they emplaced in the Late Carboniferous to Early Permian. Zircon ^176Hf/^177Hf ratios range from 0.282852 to 0.283041, with ,εHf（t） values of ＋12.1 to ＋12.2 and Hf modal （TDM） ages of ～440-460 Ma. These data indicate that these mafic dykes were mainly derived from the depleted mantle. In addition, geochemical data suggest that these mafic dyke swarms are of intra-plate origin. Therefore, the mafic dyke swarms represent products during the extensional process associated with the opening of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean in the area.     

Metamorphosed mafic rocks with N-type MORB geochemical features in Hainan Island-Remnants of the Paleo-Tethys Oceanic Crust?

A number of metamorphosed mafic rocks occurred within the Paleozoic strata in the Chenxing and Bangxi regions at the northern side of the Changjiang-Qionghai Fault in Central Hainan Island. These metamorphosed mafic rocks are tholeiites in chemistry. They are characterized by extreme depletion of Th, Nb, Ta and LREEs, resembling the depleted N-type mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB). Field relations suggest that the protolith of the metamorphosed mafic rocks were likely formed in Paleozoic. These metamorphosed mafic rocks with N-type MORB geochemical features were probably the remnants of the Paleo-Tethys oceanic crust.     

群潜坝对河道糙率影响的数值模拟研究

为分析群潜坝对河道糙率的影响规律及机理,运用FLUENT软件,采用VOF方法与标准k-ε紊流模型相耦合的方法,对坝间距为50,25,12.5,6.25 cm与原河道(没有布置潜坝),流量分别为4,8,15,25及75 m3/h共25种工况下河道水流流场进行了数值模拟,分析了建有群潜坝的河道其糙率的变化,得到了坝间距、水深坝高比对河道糙率的影响规律。其成果对河道整治、河道防洪等具有较大的参考价值与实用价值。     

湘西南-桂北交界地区加里东期基性岩的发现及其地质意义

湘西南-桂北交界地区属于江南造山带(或称之为钦杭结合带)西南段的重要组成部分,该区与Rodinia超大陆聚合与裂解有关的岩浆活动十分强烈,但至今还没有加里东期基性岩存在的报道。采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb法对湘西南—桂北交界地区首次发现的加里东期变辉长辉绿岩进行了年代学研究。结果表明,变辉长辉绿岩形成于(421.9±7.8)Ma,为加里东期岩浆活动的产物。该基性岩的发现及其年龄的确定;并结合区域上的研究结果表明,扬子板块和华夏板块结合带(钦杭结合带)西南段可能存在有从新元古代至早古生代的双向洋陆俯冲-碰撞过程。     

对城市河流布设挑流丁坝的探讨

本文基于防洪、美化及挑流的综合考虑，提出了一种适合城市河流布设的新型挑流丁坝，并通过河工模型试验，对其影响范围，进行了初步探讨。     

基性麻粒岩半脆性域剪切带形成机制的实验研究

在温度为８００～９００℃，围压为１ＧＰａ的条件下对基性麻粒岩进行了压缩变形实验。样品变形处于半脆性域，以出现非破裂的准韧性剪切带为特征。提出了剪切带是由样品的原始缺陷向外稳态扩展而形成的机制，可用稍加改变的流变介质断裂力学原理对这种扩展过程进行说明；并将此机制推广到剪切带的形成中。     

漫水丁坝坝头床沙起冲流速研究

设计丁坝时,漫水丁坝坝头床沙起冲流速是漫水丁坝局部冲深计算的基础,迄今为止,有关这方面的研究文献所见甚少。为探索有关规律,寻找工程设计的依据,对缓流时的漫水丁坝坝头床沙起冲流速进行了尝试性的试验研究,对部分影响因子进行试验分析。研究表明：坝长及坝高增加,起冲流速减小,局部冲深增大;床沙中值粒径及水深增加,起冲流速增大。在分析基础上,提出了漫水丁坝坝头床沙起冲流速的计算办法。