Energy flow and community structure in freshwater ecosystems

The goal of this article is twofold: 1) It aims at providing an overview on some major results obtained from energy flow studies in individuals, populations, and communities, and 2) it will also focus on major mechanisms explaining community structures. The basis for any biological community to survive and establish a certain population density is on the one hand energy fixation by primary producers together with adequate nutrient supply and the transfer of energy between trophic levels (bottom-up effect). On the other hand, predator pressures may strongly control prey population densities one or more trophic levels below (top-down effect). Other interpopulation effects include competition, chemical interactions and evolutionary genetic processes, which further interact and result in the specific structuring of any community with respect to species composition and population sizes.     

乌头组培快繁的技术探讨

用普通ＭＳ培养基进行乌头组培快繁的研究,乌头的愈伤组织容易形成,培养基中附加ＢＡＩｍｇ／ｌ和ＫＴｌｍｇ／Ｌ可以从叶腋产生健壮的苗,从愈伤组织诱发出根需附加ＫＴｌｍｇ／Ｌ和ＮＡＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ,但达到快速繁殖的目的仍存在一些问题。     

与星（m,r）——正交的（g,f）——因子分解

设ｇ和ｆ是定义图Ｇ的顶点集Ｖ（Ｇ）上的整值函数。本文证明了如下结果：设ｒ是一个正整数,Ｇ是一个（ｍｇ＋ｍ－１,ｍｆ－ｍ＋１）—图,且ｇ（ｘ）≥ｒ－１,对ｘ∈Ｖ（Ｇ）。若Ｈ是Ｇ的一个有ｍｒ条边的星,则Ｇ有（ｇ,ｆ）—因子分解与Ｈ（ｍ,ｒ）—正交。     

词汇中的文化蕴含

运用文化语言学的理论,从汉语词汇的意义、结构和交际三个方面进行论证,提出词汇与文化具有“融合关系”、“渗透关系”和“制约关系”。这些关系说明文化对词汇的理解、运用和规范有着很大的影响,重视文化因素对全面灵活地理解词汇的意义、深入细致地了解词汇的结构、准确扎实地掌握词汇的运用技巧大有裨益。每一语言系统中有相当一部分词汇的内涵是以民族文化为依托,文化是这些词义产生、发展、衍变的关键。在汉语词汇系统中,表义的结构形式反映了汉民族的思维方式、特点,是它们形成了汉语词汇的构成规则。传统的伦理等级观念、约定俗成的民族表达习惯附加给词汇各种文化色彩的语用意义,这些多维的复合性文化使开放的词汇系统变得有序可循。     

论传统美德在当今社会的继承与弘扬

中华民族有着五千年的光辉灿烂文化,从而铸就了优良的道德传统。中华民族传统美德不仅在历史上而且在现代都对中国广大人民群众思想的形成产生着重要影响。应认真研究传统美德的内涵及特征,继承和弘扬传统美德的意义,以及如何继承和弘扬传统美德。应营造社会大环境,加强道德教育,振兴中华民族精神,弘扬传统美德,发展社会主义共产主义道德。     

应用滋养和包埋技术进行籼稻原生质体培养和植株再生

从几个籼稻品种不同发育阶段的幼穗分离出密度平均为２２×１０５个／ｍＬ～４６×１０５个／ｍＬ的原生质体。将这些原生质体包埋在藻酸钠颗粒里并分别在粳稻愈伤组织滋养下培养和没有愈伤组织滋养。在这两种培养条件下原生质体稳定,分裂频率分别达到４８４％和３８８％,群体存活率达到５３％和４７％,愈伤组织绿苗分化率达到７１６％和６２３％。这两种方法优于常用的琼脂糖包埋法和琼脂糖颗粒法。     

风信子子房的组织培养

通过组织培养技术可以从风信子（ＨｙａｃｉｎｔｈｕｓｏｒｉｅｎｔａｌｉｓＬ．）子房诱导出完整植株．在我们的研究中,ＭＳ＋ＢＡ５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ较适于诱导愈伤组织和芽．适于芽生长的培养基是ＭＳ＋ＢＡ２ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ２ｍｇ／Ｌ．ＭＳ（不加任何外源激素）培养基适于诱导生根     

整（0,m）插值的推广

引进了一类新的指数型整函数插值,推广了（０,ｍ）插值,同时也考虑了该插值算子的收敛性。     

两个不相交集合分组测试的最优过程

讨论了两台装置搜索两个坏硬币分组测试模型的（ｍ,ｎ）一问题,给出了最优测试过程,其测试次数从实质上 改进了测试次数的信息论界。     

Antiviral activities of anthraquinones,bianthrones and hypericin derivatives from lichens

The antiviral activities of some naturally occurring anthraquinones bianthrones, and hypericin derivatives were compared by the end-point CPE (viral cytopathic effects) method and plaque assays. Under optimal conditions of exposure to light, hypericin, 7,7-dichlorohypericin and 5,7-dichloroemodin exhibited strong inhibitory activity against HSV-1 (herpes simplex virus type 1) in both assays. Partial inactivation of the virus was shown by emodin, 7-chloroemodin and 7-chloro-1-O-methylemodin; the bianthrones and other anthraquinones were found to be inactive. Antiviral activity appeared to be, positively correlated with increasing substitution of chlorine in the anthraquinone structure. In the absence of light, only hypericin and 7,7-dichlorohypericin displayed detectable activity.