固态聚合物电解质

研究了固态聚合物电解质膜中锂离子和增塑剂对其室温电导率的影响，发现加入增塑剂（ＰＣ＋ＥＣ和ＰＥＧ）可提高固态聚合物电解质膜的电导率。通过ＤＳＣ方法测量结果分析了锂离子和增塑剂在固态聚合物电解质膜中的作用机理。     

Development of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for High Temperature PEFCs

1 Introduction During the last decades the research has been devoted to the development of non-perfluorinated polymers[1,2], as an alternative to commercial perfluorosulphonic membranes. There are several non-perfluorinated materials suitable for these systems that should have as a fundamental requirement a good thermal stability of the original polymer. The studied polymers consist of polyaromatic or polyetherocyclic repeat units like polyetheretherketone (PEEK). Many papers have been published about t...     

固态Cu-Al二元系中活度的计算

用固体电解质浓差电池测得了固态铜铝合金体系中铝的活度。实验在1000℃下进行,铝的摩尔分数为0.0234到0.327。     

混合电解质溶液中活度系数的MSA计算

本文根据MSA方法,计算了在一系列不同浓度的LiCl、NaCl、KCl和CsCl水溶液中HCl的平均活度系数,计算结果与文献实验值吻合得较好。文末还对计算结果及影响结果的因素进行了简要讨论。     

硫酸盐固体电解质探头与对硫酸铜的热力学研究

本研究的目的是为了发展一种在线测定的探测器,测定工业生产中常见的二氧化硫的浓度.首先研究了Ag_2So_4-Li_2So_4体系。在高达10％的二氧化硫浓度下,该体系的电导率仍与浓度无关.电导率与相图的对应关系很好.在氧存在的条件下可用这种电解质测定含量在10％以下的二氧化硫或三氧化硫·用于硫酸铜的分解研究其所得结果与文献中其他方法比较,相差在3％以内.     

Experimental study of n-heptane ignition delay with carbon dioxide addition in a rapid compression machine under low-temperature conditions

The ignition delay of n-heptane homogeneous charge compression ignition(HCCI) combustion under high levels of carbon dioxide addition was quantitatively measured at elevated pressure from low to intermediate temperatures in a rapid compression machine.The experiments were conducted in the compressed temperature range 613-750 K.Both the compression ratio and fuel/air equivalence ratio were varied to investigate their effects on the ignition delay of n-heptane.Carbon dioxide was subsequently added to study the influence of the carbon dioxide level on the ignition delay of n-heptane under low-temperature conditions.It was found that carbon dioxide had different effects on the two-stages of ignition delay of n-heptane under low-temperature conditions:the concentration of carbon dioxide had little effect on the first-stage ignition time;a certain concentration of carbon dioxide accelerated the first-stage ignition but had a significantly larger impact on the second-stage ignition delay,thus increasing the overall ignition delay time.The results also showed that the first-stage ignition delay of n-heptane is only a function of temperature under low-temperature conditions.The mass of n-heptane in the combustible mixture,the equivalence ratio,and the pressure at the top dead center had little effect on the first-stage ignition time of n-heptane.     

NaY对(PEO)_(16)LiClO_4-EC组织和导电性能的影响

以纳米级NaY分子筛为填充剂,制备了(PEO)16LiClO4-EC-x%NaY(x=0,3,5,8,12,20,35)全固态复合聚合物电解质薄膜.通过扫描电镜、EDS能谱和交流阻抗方法研究了NaY对(PEO)16LiClO4-EC电解质体系显微组织特征与离子导电性能的影响.结果表明,适量NaY可使PEO的球晶生长受到抑制,表面形成有利于锂离子传输的超枝状和交联网络结构,离子传输的无定形区域增大;同时,适量EC有利于NaY在聚合物基体中的均匀分布,当NaY含量为12%(质量分数)时,复合聚合物电解质的室温离子电导率达到最大值,为1.890×10-4S.cm-1.     

Key technologies for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell systems fueled impure hydrogen

Hydrogen energy and polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells become concerned issues in recent years. Nevertheless, the construction of hydrogen refueling infrastructure and hydrogen storage and transportation constrains the commercial development of fuel cells. In this review, sources, production, storage, transportation, and purification methods of hydrogen are extensively reviewed and compared. The advantages of utilizing industrial by-product hydrogen and steam reforming gas in PEM fuel cell systems are analyzed. Using industrial wasted hydrogen can significantly reduce the cost of hydrogen. Also, it is indicated that the onboard hydrogen generation by steam methanol reforming can solve the difficulties of efficient storage and transportation of gaseous hydrogen, which means that methanol has great potential to be a convenient carrier of hydrogen. The effects of impurities contained in the reformate gas are generally introduced. After the methanol steam reforming and pretreatment purification processes, the reformate gas can be fed to PEM fuel cells. Thus, a fuel cell system integrated with onboard hydrogen production and impure hydrogen treatment subsystems is introduced, and key technologies therein for pretreatment purification and in-situ poisoning mitigation methods are reviewed. Finally, suggestions are proposed for further studies.     

支链长链二元羧酸在铝电解电容器中的应用研究

以烷基环己酮、异戊二烯为原料,合成一种带支链的长链二元羧酸,采用红外光谱仪FT-IR、热重分析仪TG进行表征,研究了该二元羧酸氨解p H及其铵盐浓度对工作电解液性能的影响,测试了支链长链二元羧酸铵的溶解度和电化学性能.实验结果表明:FT-IR分析证明产物为羧酸类物质,碳链中含有-CH2链单元;TG分析证明产物为多组分混合物,且热稳定性好;随着支链长链二元羧酸氨解p H增大,工作电解液的闪火电压先增大后减小,电导率逐渐增大,当氨解p H为7.4~8.2,闪火电压可保持较高水平(最高480 V);随着支链长链二元羧酸铵浓度从1%增大至20%时,闪火电压从507 V下降到471 V,电导率从0.05 m S·cm-1升到2.20 m S·cm-1;支链长链二元羧酸铵盐在乙二醇的溶解度比癸二酸铵盐提高4倍,与5%癸二酸铵乙二醇溶液相比,闪火电压提高38 V,可以拓宽电解液的使用温度并使电解液具有高闪火电压和电导率,从而使铝电解电容器的性能得到提高.