聚氨酯／石墨烯纳米复合物的制备、力学及温度-电阻率行为研究

采用改进的hummers法,并以NaBH4还原制得还原石墨烯（RGO）．以蓖麻油（CO）和2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯（2,4-TDI）为原料合成蓖麻油基聚氨酯预聚体．利用原位聚合法将聚氨酯预聚体与还原石墨烯反应（不完全还原）,制得不同石墨烯含量的聚氨酯／石墨烯纳米复合物．采用x线衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱、拉曼光谱、热重分析以及力学和热-电阻特性测试对复合物薄膜的结构和性能进行研究．实验结果显示聚氨酯／石墨烯复合物薄膜具有优良的热力学性能,特别是当石墨烯质量分数为1．5％时,聚氨酯／石墨烯纳米复合物出现正的电阻率-温度效应（PTC效应）．     

高非线性光子晶体光纤环镜的脉冲压缩研究

在对高非线性光子晶体光纤特性研究基础上,设计了用此光纤制成的光纤环镜实现光脉冲压缩的方法.数值模拟结果表明:利用此环镜可实现对脉冲的压缩,与其他压缩方法相比,压缩后的脉冲输出波形质量好,压缩所需的光纤长度大大减短.研究发现,随着光子晶体光纤非线性系数及泵浦脉冲功率的增大,其压缩到最佳质量所需的光纤长度减小.研究还表明脉冲压缩比与光纤环镜的分光比有关,当分光比为0.5时压缩比最高.     

汽车操纵稳定性闭环控制虚拟试验设计

针对汽车操纵稳定性实车试验危险性大,对试验驾驶员素质要求高的问题,在对ADAMS(automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical systems)二次开发模块ADAMS/CAR研究的基础上,建立了基于某轿车车型的ADAMS整车模型和驾驶员控制模型.按照国家标准GB/T 6223.5-1994对汽车转向轻便性试验进行了设计,在ADAMS虚拟仿真平台下进行了虚拟试验,并对试验结果进行了计算分析.结果表明,驾驶员模型对整车模型有较强的操控性,虚拟试验结果满足评价指标,可利用设计虚拟实验来达到对车辆性能进行测试和改进的目的.     

应用支持向量机处理岩土材料的细观图像

应用数字图像处理技术提取非均质岩土材料的细观特征是量化其细观结构的有效途径。为提高图像处理的质量和效率,在进行数字图像处理的阈值分割时,采用统计学习理论中的支持向量机分类方法。选取待原始图像的一个矩形区域作为训练样本图像,提取这些样本点的特征与训练目标一起组成训练样本集,通过对训练样本集的学习,生成SVM(support vector machine)分类机,利用SVM分类机提取原始图像中的特征图像。以花岗岩为例,利用该方法提取其细观结构,结果表明,合理选取训练样本和模型参数,可以提高图像处理的准确率和效率,得到最佳的处理结果。     

Carrier-envelope phase locking of 5 fs amplified Ti:sapphire laser pulse at 1 kHz repetition rate

This paper reports the carrier-envelop phase （CEP） locking for the 5 fs re-compressed laser pulse generated from a chirped pulse amplified （CPA） Ti：sapphire laser at 1 kHz repetition rate. A phase locking feedback system with two loops was designed to control the fast fluctuation arising from the seeding laser and the slow fluctuation arising from the sub-mJ amplified pulse. The principle and structure of the phase control system, including the CEP detection, servo loop design and phase locking result, are analyzed. The experiment shows that our phase locking system can be well used to establish the stable phase locking of few-cycle amplified laser pulse, and the CEP variation of below 53 mrad （rms） was demonstrated during a locking period of more than 3 h.     

Quantum coherent control of ultrashort laser pulses

The effective photonic control is one of the key issues in photo-physics. Significant advancement in photonic crystals, quantum optics, ultrafast optics as well as micro-nano-optics gives rise to new op-portunities to manipulate the emission and propagation in optical fields, leading to a number of new and interesting discoveries, e.g., ultrashort light pulse storage and efficient energy conversion. This paper reviews the latest research progress in storage, release and energy conversion for ultrashort laser pulses in periodical arrays of absorbing medium. Techniques to fabricate such devices are also presented.     

Study on the electronic structure of nickel hydroxide by quantum chemical DV-Xα calculation

The electronic structures of atom clusters NiTO12H12^2＋ and NiTO12H9^- of β-Ni（OH）2 were calculated by quantum chemical DV-Xα method. By analyzing the state densities, orbital populations, net charges and electric charge density differences of the selected clusters, it was indicated that β-Ni（OH）2was not typical ionic crystal, and the bonds between Ni and O atoms had obvious covalent characteristics. The bonds between H atom and other atoms in the crystal structure were weaker, which ensured that H atoms can easily deintercalate and intercalate into β-Ni（OH）2. The structure of β-Ni（OH）2 was not changed by moderate de-intercalation of H atoms. However, with the excessive de-intercalation of H atoms, the structure of β-Ni（OH）2 changed and the electrochemical active properties were reduced.     

热激发态下介观压电石英晶体的量子涨落

利用阻尼谐振子量子化方法,将介观压电石英晶体等效电路量子化,根据热场动力学(TFD)理论,研究了介观压电石英晶体在热激发态下电流和电压的量子涨落.结果表明介观压电石英晶体中存在电流电压的量子涨落,量子涨落不仅和石英晶体等效电路的固有参数有关,而且还和激发量子数、压缩态的压缩度、压缩角及环境温度有关,且随温度的升高而增大,随时间按指数规律而衰减.     

量子系统中基于李雅普诺夫稳定性理论的叠加态的制备

在量子系统中利用被控系统的本征值,构造用来进行坐标旋转的幺正矩阵．通过幺正变换操作抵消系统每个状态所具有的局部相位,并选择变换后的被控状态与目标态之间的误差作为李雅普诺夫函数．在此基础上,基于李雅普诺夫稳定性理论,在保证控制系统稳定的前提下进行控制律的设计,给出了系统状态制备所需控制的详细设计过程,并对结果进行了对比分析．最后,在一个自旋1／2粒子系统上,采用本文所提方法分别对目标态是本征态和叠加态的制备进行了系统仿真实验,并对系统状态演化时间与不同参数情况下控制值之间的关系进行了分析．     

超对称量子力学与Lefschetz不动点公式

在超对称量子力学的框架下,通过利用一种特殊的边界条件,给出了Lefschetz不动点公式的一个物理证明.回顾了黎曼流形上的N=1超对称量子力学系统,并将Hodge算子实现为Fock空间上的物理算子.