Authorware中条件响应的使用

条件响应是 Authorware的强大交互功能中较难使用的一种响应方式 ,本文通过多个实例总结了条件响应的使用方法 .     

Insulin secretion: The effector system

Conclusions Studies of the role of the microtubule-microfilamentous system in insulin secretion have been widened by continuing experimentation and analysis to provide a comprehensive working hypothesis which embraces ideas of the way in which the polymerization of microtubules and microfilaments may be regulated and how these cytoskeletal components may act together to enhance the process of granule movement. It is also possible to speculate about, but not yet to demonstrate, the way in which the activities of this effector system could be regulated by calcium and by cyclic AMP, which are essentially involved in the regulation of rates of secretion.     

北京市及冲绳地区大气气溶胶中水溶性有机物特征对比研究

研究北京和冲绳地区大气气溶胶中水溶性有机物的浓度水平、季节变化及粒径分布特征.采用分级采样法采集了2006年北京市及冲绳地区的大气颗粒物,用总有机碳(TOC)方法测定了水提取物中水溶性有机物的浓度.结果表明:北京地区水溶性有机物浓度范围为8.31～20.03μg· m-3;冲绳地区水溶性有机物浓度约为3.39μg· m-3.区大气细颗粒(粒径小于2.1μm)中水溶性有机物的浓度均最高,分别占总悬浮颗粒物中水溶性有机物的42%～53%(北京)和39%～46%(冲绳).北京地区大气中水溶性有机物浓度冬季最高,受当地排放源的影响较大;冲绳地区大气中水溶性有机物的浓度在春季最高,主要受到污染物远距离传输的影响.     

对EPR悖论的一个分析——分析理性与辩证理性之联手

1.悖论产生的要害或根源在于,背景知识是＂有缺陷的＂却又被公认为正确的。2.EPR悖论是量子力学领域中的一个著名悖论。爱因斯坦等人借助于理想实验和EPR论证,发掘了量子力学背后在元理论层次的奇特的非定域性假设,从表面上看,似乎违背相对论的要求。3.爱因斯坦想维护实在论和非超距作用并不错,但量子整体性或远程关联性也不容忽视,它将展示有待进一步挖掘的深刻含义。4.分析理性与辩证理性的联手,是化解科学上悖论的强有力的思想工具。     

Co（Ⅲ）TPPS与抗坏血酸C6H8O6的反应动力学研究

在假一级条件下，用ＵＶ－２４０型分光光度计测定Ｃｏ（Ⅲ）ＴＰＰＳ「水溶性５，１０，１５，２０－四－（４－苯磺酸基）卟啉钴」与生物活性物质抗坏血酸Ｃ６Ｈ８Ｏ６的电子转移反应的光谱性质及动力学参数，充分探讨了该体系的氧化还原的动力学规律，实验表明，此反应遵循外环外界电子转移反应机理，为模拟生命活性物质的电子转移反应并揭示其本质提供了理论依据。     

Extrafloral nectaries mediate the arboreal beetle community (Coleoptera) in a Neotropical rainforest

ABSTRACT

Nectaries are structures that secrete a sugary solution and can occur on vegetative and/or reproductive parts of plants. The significance of floral nectaries to reward vertebrate and arthropod pollinators is well supported. The role of extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) is more ambiguous, though research has been skewed to the ant-plant mutualism. Many other insects feed at EFNs, but these interactions are vastly understudied. This study addresses the hypothesis that EFNs may influence the occurrence and structure of Neotropical canopy beetle communities. Seven canopy trees (four families) exhibiting EFNs and their associated beetles were studied over a one-year period in southern Venezuela. In total, 6818 adult beetles identified to 868 species were recorded on 25 investigated canopy tree species (#47 individuals). Of the 868 beetle species, 150 species (517 individuals; 17.3% species) from 20 families were observed drinking from foliar EFNs on seven EFN-bearing tree species. Dietary dependence on EF nectar varied, with 95 beetle species utilising this nectar within a broader diet and 55 species found feeding exclusively on EFNs. This study demonstrates unequivocally that EF nectar is a frequently utilised food resource of many beetle adults and beetles have been a significantly underestimated visitor group. A more detailed study was conducted on six individual canopy trees of two species of Chrysobalanaceae, Licania hebantha Mart. ex Hook. f. and Moquilea subarachnophylla (Cuatrec.) Sothers and Prance. In total, 115 individual adults of 64 beetle species were collected on nectar secreted on newly-sprouted leaves. These beetle assemblages were dominated by species utilising EF nectar and were associated with distinct phenological phases of the host trees. Altogether, the beetle survey found support for the hypothesis that EFNs influence the occurrence and structure of beetle communities. These beetle-EFN relationships have implications for spatial arrangement, community assembly and evolution of both host plants and beetles. Like ant-EFN mutualism, EFN-bearing trees and beetles may also form mutualism. It is possible that the plants offer easier access to a nutritious resource that may deflect herbivory of vegetative parts.     

Fast Parallel Cutoff Pair Interactions for Molecular Dynamics on Heterogeneous Systems

Heterogeneous systems with both Central Processing Units (CPUs) and Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are frequently used to accelerate short-ranged Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. The most time-consuming task in short-ranged MD simulations is the computation of particle-to-particle interactions. Beyond a certain distance, these interactions decrease to zero. To minimize the operations to investigate distance, previous works have tiled interactions by employing the spatial attribute, which increases the memory access and GPU computations, hence decreasing performance. Other studies ignore the spatial attribute and construct an all-versus-all interaction matrix, which has poor scalability. This paper presents an improved algorithm. The algorithm first bins particles into voxels according to the spatial attributes, and then tiles the all-versus-all matrix into voxel-versus-voxel sub-matrixes. Only the sub-matrixes between neighboring voxels are computed on the GPU. Therefore, the algorithm reduces the distance examine operations and limits additional memory access and GPU computations. This paper also adopts a multi-level programming model to implement the algorithm on multi-nodes of Tianhe-lA. By employing (1) a patch design to exploit parallelism across the simulation domain, (2) a communication overlapping method to overlap the communications between CPUs and GPUs, and (3) a dynamic workload balancing method to adjust the workloads among compute nodes, the implementation achieves a speedup of 4.16x on one NVIDIA Tesla M2050 GPU compared to a 2.93 GHz six-core Intel Xeon X5670 CPU. In addition, it runs 2.41x faster on 256 compute nodes of Tianhe-lA (with two CPUs and one GPU inside a node) than on 256 GPU-excluded nodes.     

非共价相互作用对中心手性的影响及中心手性的定义

建立在van't Hoff碳正四面体构型学说基础上的中心手性的概念未涉及非共价相互作用对分子中心手性的影响.可以想像,当某原子连有两个相同的原子或基团(如氢原子)时,可因非共价相互作用(如分子内氢键)的存在(如只与其中的一个氢原子形成氢键)成为不等性原子或基团.考虑到非共价相互作用对分子中心手性可能产生的影响,中心手性的概念似应为:一个原子(如C,N)的四支键分别指向四面体的各顶点,并分别键连四个不等性原子或基团(包括孤电子对)时,则该原子是手性的.     

小直径血管支架的仿生构建及其种子细胞

静电纺丝仿生天然细胞外基质(ECM)结构,所制备的高度多孔、高比表面积的纳米级(50～500nm)纤维赋予了丰富的分子架构和生化信号,为种子细胞提供理想的生长微环境.不同组分、纤维尺寸及取向和种子细胞类型,可以裁剪获得不同生化和力学性能的电纺支架细胞复合物.总结了血管组织工程仿生ECM的设计与构建,并强调与支架复合的种子细胞在血管组织工程的作用.     

Moisture transport source／sink structure of the Meiyu rain belt along the Yangtze River valley

Based on the analyses of the moisture transport structure in the whole layer of the troposphere along the Yangtze River valley during draught/flood years using the NCEP reanalysis data, this paper reveals that there exists a key region with a “Large Triangle” shape of transporting moisture for the Tibetan Plateau to Meiyu Belt and its“source/sink” structure; discloses that the interannual variation of the whole budget of inflow and outflow of moisture through the boundaries of a “Large Triangle” key region has the in-phase characteristic. Then a moisture transport structure over the skirt of the plateau and a conceptual model on the “transfer post” of moisture transport in the area of the South China Sea-Tibetan Plateau-Yangtze River valley in summer are put forward in this paper: the anti-phase feature of whole layer moisture transport flow patterns of Yangtze River valley during drought/flooding years is exhibited using the computational scheme of whole layer moisture transport correlation vector fields; a comprehensive dynamic model and its physical diagram of the teleconnection source/sink structure of the moisture transport of the Meiyu rain belt have been made. It shows that the moisture transfer effect over the skirt of the plateau from the ocean (Indian Ocean, South China Sea and west North Pacific) led to a moisture confluence belt in the Yangtze River valley and the teleconnection moisture transport source/sink structure over the “Large Triangle” shape area in flooding years.