饮用水的诱变性与肝癌的风险

应用蚕豆根尖微核技术研究了肝癌高发区的扶绥县饮用水的诱变性与肝癌发病的关系。结果表明，检测３２份不同饮水类型的饮用水（饮用塘水、塘边井水、井水、河水和自来水）中有１２份饮用塘水和２份塘边井水能明显诱导蚕豆根尖核率增高（Ｐ〈０．０１），而井水、河水和自来水所诱发的蚕豆根尖微核率与对照组则无显著差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）。提示该县饮用塘水中存在染色体畸变的物质，此类物质在各种饮水类型的水样中所诱发的蚕豆根尖     

周边固定环形圆板的应力研究

运用平板理论 ,分析了周边固定受同心环形线载荷作用环形圆板的应力 ,并且导出径向应力、切向应力及挠度的计算公式 ,为结构设计提供了方便     

焊接表面裂纹的工程评定

本文通过宽板拉伸试验,根据全面屈服准则和COD参量直接研完和评定了焊接构件中的表面裂纹。指出依据COD概念不能合理地评定和保证具有表面裂纹构件的安全性,而全面屈服准则是评定构件表面缺陷的有力工具。因为他不但保证构件具有不低于屈服限的强度,而且还具有良好的塑性。本文同时还详细地讨论了低温对表面裂纹极限尺寸的影响,     

Alteration of mitochondrial bioenergetics due to intravenous injection of a perfluorocarbon emulsion

Wistar albino rats were intravenously injected with 1 ml of an oxyphoretic emulsion of perfluorobutylfurane and killed 3, 7 or 30 days later. Mitochondria isolated from the liver and kidneys of treated rats showed a small decrease in the transmembrane electrical potential and a substantial depression of the rates of both ATP synthesis and ADP-stimulated respiration. These alterations in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation appear to be induced by perfluorocarbon and/or tensioactive molecules interacting with hydrophobic cell structures.     

锌在雄鸡体内的蓄积及对生长发育的影响

本文主要研究了元素锌对雄鸡生长发育的影响,同时分别测定了雄鸡体内肝、肾、脾及睾丸中锌含量。探索了锌在雄鸡体内主要器官的蓄积状况,以及在这些器官中,锌对微量元素铜、钙吸收的影响。     

肝硬化门脉血流的彩色多普勒检测

应用彩色多普勒对肝硬化门脉高压患者进行门脉血流动力学检测，结果表明治疗前门脉血流量增加，治疗１个月后重复检测门脉血流量明显下降，前后测值比较差异极显著（Ｐ〈０．００１）。彩色多普勒检测门脉血流动力学变化简单易行、无创，值得临床推广。     

Effect of chronic ethanol treatment on peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase activity and lipid peroxidation in rat liver and heart

Summary Chronic ethanol administration was shown to increase catalase and acyl-CoA oxidase activities in rat myocardium but did not alter the activity of liver peroxisomal enzymes. As a result of alcohol consumption a 2–3-fold increase in the level of lipid peroxidation was observed in the heart tissue while in the liver the induction was much less pronounced.     

Freeze tolerance in the frog,Rana sylvatica

Summary Wood frogs survive extracellular freezing at moderate subzero temperatures (–4°C) for at least 11 days. Freezing survival is aided by the accumulation of high concentrations of glucose as a cryoprotectant in blood and tissues. Glucose production was accompanied by a rapid decline in liver, but not muscle, glycogen levels suggesting that liver is the organ controlling cryoprotectant synthesis.Acknowledgments. This study was supported by grants to L.M.G. from the Kroc Foundation (Santa Ynez, California) and from the National Institute of Dental Research (Grant No. DE-03987). The authors wish to thank K. Yorko, M. Shakin, J. Finan and Mrs N. Manivannan for their technical and secretarial assistance.Acknowledgments. I thank Dr J. Ballantyne, Dr F. Schueler and I. McMurray for help with frog collections and Dr. W. Schmid, Dr J. Bogart and Dr F. Cook for helpful discussions. Supported by an N.S.E.R.C. operating grant and by a grant from the Atkinson Charitable Foundation.     

基于模糊核聚类的肝脏MRI肿瘤提取方法

针对肝部图像特点,在传统模糊核算法中引进邻域像素的空间信息,提出灰度和空间信息相结合的特征加权核聚类方法.该方法在核聚类过程中利用分割熵作为高斯演化策略的适应度函数对灰度和空间信息的权重进行优化,从而达到肿瘤提取的目的.本方法对福建省肿瘤医院提供的30个腹部MR图像序列进行实验,结果表明该方法对肝脏MRI肿瘤提取的有效性.     

基于级联可分离空洞残差U-Net的肝脏肿瘤分割

计算机辅助肝脏肿瘤分割可减少医生工作量,提高手术成功率,因而具有重要的临床诊疗价值。为获得精确的肝脏肿瘤自动分割结果,该文结合医学影像分割领域近年新兴的U-Net模块提出了基于级联可分离空洞残差U-Net（cascaded separable and dilated residualU-Net,CSDResU-Net）的肝脏肿瘤分割方法。CSDResU-Net采用了级联操作,解决了因肿瘤在整幅图像中占比小而造成的肿瘤分割数据不平衡问题;通过在分割网络中整合残差单元、深度可分离卷积和空洞卷积,能够增加卷积核感受野并快速提取更具判别性的肝脏肿瘤图像特征,从而提高肝脏肿瘤分割精度。在国际医学图像计算和计算机辅助干预协会肝脏肿瘤分割数据库上的实验结果表明,CSDResU-Net比基线方法的Dice系数指标提升了1.3%,同时发现空洞率对分割网络的性能表现影响较大。