新西兰青霉(Penicillium novae-zeelandiae)原生质体的制备与再生研究

利用酶对新西兰青霉菌的菌丝进行酶解获得原生质体,探究了影响原生质体制备和再生的因素,包括酶种类,酶浓度,菌丝培养时间,酶解时间和温度,pH,二硫苏糖醇(DTT)预处理等.结果显示最佳酶解条件为:菌丝体培养48h,用0.05mol·L~(-1) DTT预处理0.5h,以0.8mol·L~(-1)氯化钠作为稳定剂,31℃条件下经Lywallzyme(10mg·mL~(-1))酶解4h,原生质体数量达到4.75×107 g~(-1),再生率为18.0%.     

过滤单元形状对其微波再生特性的影响

针对一种新型的柴油机微粒捕集器单元块旋转式的过滤体微波加热再生模型,采用数值模拟方法,对再生过程中过滤体壁面温度沿径向分布和过滤体单元的形状结构参数对微波加热再生过程的影响规律进行数值模拟研究.结果表明:过滤体壁面温度从外弧面向内弧面逐渐升高,且整个过滤体的峰值温度出现在内弧面;较小的过滤体圆心角将会缩短再生时间;较小的过滤体单元长度以及较小的过滤体单元厚度都可使再生时间缩短.     

波棱瓜子对免疫性肝损伤的免疫炎症调节作用

研究建立Con A致小鼠免疫性肝损伤动物模型,采用免疫组化染色SP法考察不同剂量波棱瓜子总木脂素对小鼠肝脏组织CD4、CD8、CXCL10、ICAM-1、IRF-1、SOCS1、STAT1蛋白的表达,分析波棱瓜子总木脂素对抑制粘附分子和趋化因子肝内蛋白的表达影响,以期研究讨论藏药波棱瓜子总木脂素对免疫性肝损伤的免疫炎症调节作用.实验结果表明,波棱瓜子总木脂素对Con A致免疫性肝损伤小鼠的CD4、ICAM-1、IRF-1蛋白含量无明显差异;而对CD8、CXCL10、SOCS1和STAT1蛋白的含量有不同程度的降低,显示出通过调节T细胞的免疫功能来保护肝脏.由上述结果可知,波棱瓜子总木脂素具有一定的免疫性炎症调节作用,该作用可能是波棱瓜子总木脂素对肝脏免疫性疾病的部分保护机制.     

日本三角涡虫Dj-β-catenin-1基因干扰载体的构建与干扰效果的鉴定

为了研究抑制Dj-β-catenin-1基因对涡虫再生的影响,构建了L4440-Dj-β-catenin-1干扰载体.将含有重组质粒L4440-Dj-β-catenin-1的HT115细菌经IPTG诱导后直接喂食涡虫.结果表明,Dj-β-catenin-1基因经RNA干扰后涡虫不能正常再生,面向后端伤口再生出一个头部而不是尾.此外,Dj-β-catenin-1基因的沉默还能使涡虫正常的尾转变成头.上述工作为进一步研究Dj-β-catenin-1基因在日本三角涡虫再生中的作用奠定良好基础.     

离子液体[C8mim]Cl对泥鳅肝脏的氧化损伤效应

以泥鳅为实验材料,研究离子液体氯化1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑([C8mim]Cl)对其肝脏的氧化损伤效应.结果显示:各浓度组中活性氧(ROS)含量在染毒1d、4d和8d后与对照组相比显著升高,1d时含量达到峰值;脂质过氧化物(LPO)含量在染毒1d时其低、中、高浓度组与对照组相比显著升高,随着暴露时间的延长,在染毒4d和8d时各浓度组LPO含量下降并低于对照组水平;谷丙转氨酶(GPT)含量与对照组相比在低、中、高不同浓度组染毒1d、4d和8d后,均显著下降;谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活力在染毒1d、4d和8d后各浓度组与对照组相比均呈现出显著下降趋势,在第8d时,达到最低水平.结果表明离子液体[C8mim]Cl对泥鳅肝脏有明显的氧化损伤效应.本研究结果对于人们正确认识"绿色溶剂"离子液体的安全性及其安全使用具有重要参考价值.     

电动大客车传动系统控制技术研究

对电动大客车传动系统进行了研究,提出了3种驱动模式和再生制动的控制策略,以及电池组的保护策略,并利用力控组态软件PCAuto实现了控制策略.为解决电动大客车的驱动和再生制动问题提供了可行方案.利用ADVISOR软件进行了电动大客车建模仿真,对AMT的档位控制在再生制动中的影响进行了初步研究,为电动大客车传动系统优化提供了依据,该控制策略已经在奥运电动概念车上得到了应用.     

Restoration of rat calvarial defects by poly（lactide-co-glycolide）/ hydroxyapatite scaffolds loaded with bone mesenchymal stem cells and DNA complexes

A composite construct comprising of a bone mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) sheet, plasmid DNA, encoding human bone morphogenic protein-2 (hBMP-2), and poly(lactide-co-glycolide)/hydroxyapatite (PLGA/HA) sponge was designed and employed in the restoration of rat calvarial defects. To improve gene transfection efficiency, a cationic chitosan derivative, N,N,N,-trimethyl chitosan chloride (TMC), was employed as the vector. The TMC/DNA complexes had a transfection efficiency of 13% in rat BMSCs, resulting in heterogeneous hBMP-2 expression in a 10-d culture period in vitro. In vivo culture of the composite constructs was performed by implantation into rat full-thickness calvarial defects, using constructs lacking pDNA-hBMP-2 or BMSC sheets as controls. Significantly higher heterogeneous expression of hBMP-2 was detected in vivo at 2 weeks for the cell sheet/DNA complex/scaffold constructs, compared with the constructs lacking pDNA-hBMP-2 or BMSC sheets. New bone formation was evident as early as 4 weeks in the experimental constructs. At 8 weeks, partial bridging of calvarial defects was observed in the experimental constructs, which was significantly better than the constructs lacking pDNA-hBMP-2 or BMSC sheets. Therefore, the combination of the PLGA/HA scaffold with BMSC sheets and gene therapy vectors is effective at enhancing bone formation.     

小鼠皮肤局部缺血模型的建立

目的研究建立稳定的昆明小鼠皮肤局部缺血模型。方法取40只雌性昆明小鼠，随机分为A／B两组，每组20只。分别在小鼠背部建立深达皮下筋膜层的u型皮瓣。A组为3．3×1．5cm皮瓣组．B组为2．5×1．5CITI皮瓣组。皮瓣游离缘垫以医用橡胶，缝合切口，造成皮肤缺血模型，术后观察皮瓣发绀水肿及坏死情况，并用散斑全景实时血流成像仪（MoorFLH）检测皮瓣血流。结果肉眼观察，3．3×1．5cm皮瓣组在术后第2天，50％小鼠皮瓣末端坏死，坏死面积达皮瓣面积的（37．20±4．83）％。术后第3天100％小鼠皮瓣末端坏死。并随时间的延长，坏死面积逐渐扩大。2．5×1．5皮瓣组在术后第1天皮瓣出现发绀，水肿，发绀水肿面积占（77．46±4．51）％，术后第3，第5天发绀水肿区面积逐渐减小，至术后第7天，发绀、水肿完全消退。散斑全景实时血流成像仪（MoorFLPI）检测皮肤血流显示，术后第1天皮瓣显著性缺血（P〈0．05），术后第7天血流基本恢复到术前水平。结论成功建立了昆明小鼠皮肤局部缺血模型，为进一步研究组织微血管再生的机理和策略提供简单而稳定的动物模型。     

预处理对Cr系脱氢催化剂性能的影响研究

采用浸渍法制备了Cr系脱氢催化剂，考察在不同预处理条件下催化剂的脱氢性能，结果显示通过水蒸汽预处理的cr催化剂性能明显得到改善，随着水蒸汽处理时间延长，cr催化剂转化率降低，但稳定性提高．通过XRD、XPS等技术对反应前后催化剂样品进行表征，发现水蒸汽处理前后催化剂各组分含量、价态基本保持不变，且催化剂具有良好的再生性．     

Limb regeneration in a common South-American littoral crab Cyrtograpsus angulatus

The intermoult period (time elapsed between two successive moults) is shortened, its variation among individuals and the size increment at moult are reduced, in juveniles of the littoral crab Cyrtograpsus angulatus when the number of regenerating limbs increases. Bud growth rates of regenerating limbs are calculated from plots of R₄ (length of third or fourth limb bud. 100/carapace width) as a function of relative time, considering that the intermoult period corresponds to 100%. Bud growth rates remain similar for crabs with a different number of limbs autotomized soon after moult. Regeneration of a second set of autotomized limbs follows autotomy if it occurs before the growing buds of a first set have a relative size R₄ < 16. Buds of contralateral limbs autotomized at different times during the moult cycle have similar final R₄ values because their growth rates are higher for limbs lost later. Buds of limbs, autotomized after part of the moult cycle has elapsed since moult, also tend to grow faster than those lost earlier. Neither the intermoult period nor the size increment at moult are modified by a second autotomy, after or before the critical R₄ value, and by the autotomy of a single limb in different moments of the moult cycle.