鄂尔多斯盆地东部子洲地区上古生界海相沉积特征研究

采用野外观察与室内研究相结合的方法研究子洲地区上古生界海相沉积体系,进而为寻找有利砂体及高产天然气聚集区提供依据.依据研究结果,认为子洲地区上古生界主要发育障壁海岸及浅海陆棚2种沉积体系;在古地理演化过程中,本溪组发育障壁岛-泻湖相;太原组在研究区东部及西南部形成浅海陆棚沉积,在中部和西北部形成潮坪沉积.砂坪及障壁岛虽然分布局限,但发育的砂体物性较好,可以作为天然气储层.     

Aspects of Romanian Early-Middle Jurassic palaeobotany and palynology. Part VII. Successions and floras

The Jurassic floras of Romania occur in the Carpathian Mountains and in Dobrogea (Eastern Romania). In the South Carpathians, diverse and well preserved floras have been recorded since the middle of the 19th Century in the Resita, Sirinia, Presacina, CernaJiu, Holbav and Cristian Basins. The ages of these floras range between Hettangian and Sinemurian, with representatives belonging to Bryophytes, Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. Excellent preservation and diversity were recorded in Anina, in the central area of the Resita Basin, a possible fossile-Lagerst?tte locality. The 3D collecting opportunities due to underground coal mining permitted detailed phytostratigraphical studies. These studies showed a floral change at the Hettangian-Sinemurian boundary, related to climate change. The Jurassic coal basins of the South Carpathians show both intramontainous and paralic features. The Resita Basin is a typical intramountainous depression basin, while the other basins are influenced by the marine realm. From a paleogeographical point of view, the Romanian Early and Middle Jurassic floras occurred on the northern frame of the Tethys realm, floristic features indicating the Eurosinian Province. One of the closest floras in terms of floristic similarities is the Iranian Early Jurassic flora. In the Apuseni Mountains, the HettangianSinemurian flora is less well-preserved and diverse than those of the South Carpathians. The Middle Jurassic flora of Romania is confined to Dobrogea (Eastern Romania), where a bennettite-dominated assemblage with low diversity and preservation was recorded.     

皖南地区二叠纪茅口期岩相古地理研究

本文系统地讨论了茅口期沉积层的发育特征,确定了茅口期地层顶、底及亚期界线.以单因素图件为基础,结合其它成因标志,编制了茅口早亚期和晚亚期岩相古地理图,由此可以看出茅口期的岩相古地理特征及其演化历史.     

Types and biotic successions of Ordovician reefs in China

Ordovician reefs are located in the South China,Tarim,and North China blocks,in low-latitude epicontinental marine regions and mostly consist of large-scale carbonate platforms.During the Paleozoic,faunal radiation reef biota diverged and thrived in diverse paleogeographic settings.Algal reefs of the Early Ordovician,Calathium-lithistid sponge-algal reefs of the late Early Ordovician to early Middle Ordovician,and coral-stromatoporoid-algal reefs of the early Late Ordovician,indicate change from Cambrian to Paleozoic biota.Coral-stromatoporoid-algal reefs were the basic communities after 100 Ma.The macroevolution of biotic struc-tures generally shows increased complexity;the evolution of China’s reef biota parallels that worldwide.Important aspects are:(1) The Calathium-algal reefs from the early Tremadocian Nantzinkuan Formation,Zhangjiajie,western Hunan are the pioneer reefs,and the Darriwillian Yijianfang Formation,Bachu are the relic reefs.(2) The bryozoan-dominated reefs of the late Tremadocian Fenhsiang Formation,Middle Yangtze Platform are unique.(3) The early coral-stromatoporoid-algal reefs are highly restricted in China.(4) The algal reefs from the latest Katian on the western margin of the Yangtze Platform,represent an abnormal reef-building environment during the initial stages of Gondwanan glaciations.     

鄂尔多斯盆地塔巴庙区块太原组沉积微相研究

在了解区域沉积背景的情况下,综合运用岩心观察、岩相分析、测井相分析等手段,确定鄂尔多斯盆地北部塔巴庙区块太原组为有障壁海岸沉积体系和无障壁海岸沉积体系的滨浅海相沉积与湖泊-三角洲相沉积.以此为基础,进行井间横向对比,编制不同层位的沉积微相平面展布图,揭示各沉积微相演化规律,从而指出勘探开发的有利相带,为油田的进一步勘探开发提供依据.     

新生代早期南海北部水系演变

 珠江在早渐新世仅是涉及华南沿海地区的小河；到晚渐新世，向西延伸到云贵高原前缘地带；到中新世，现代珠江流域格局初步形成。证据显示，南海北部还发育过一条源自南海西部隆起区的大型水系-昆莺琼古河，后淹没在南海之中，但在南海的沉积充填过程中扮演了重要角色。南海北部水系及沉积环境的重建，对于深刻认识南海新生代早期古地理特征以及该地区的油气勘探均具有重要意义。     

准噶尔盆地陆东地区石炭系火山岩储层特征及控制因素

在岩心观察基础上,通过大量常规薄片与铸体薄片显微镜下鉴定与定量统计,孔隙度与渗透率测定、全岩主微量元素分析、扫描电镜等分析测试手段,对我国准噶尔盆地陆东地区石炭系火山岩的岩性与岩相特征、储集空间类型及分布特征进行了研究,在此基础上对陆东地区石炭系火山岩储层物性的影响因素进行了分析。研究结果表明:区内火山岩岩石类型主要为次火山岩、火山熔岩、火山碎屑岩和沉积火山碎屑岩。火山岩储集空间主要为次生溶孔和裂缝;火山岩的储集性能主要受风化和构造破碎作用、岩性和岩相以及火山喷发时的地质环境的影响。     

塔里木盆地某地区奥陶系古岩溶作用机理及控制因素分析

古岩溶是一种重要的聚集油气的地质体,储层发育状况和油气聚集的情况比较复杂。塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层,基质岩性致密,不具备有效的储渗能力,只有岩溶和裂缝储集体为其主要的储集空间,认识该地区古岩溶的作用机理与控制因素是研究碳酸盐岩古岩溶储层的首要问题。通过对塔里木盆地某地区奥陶系一间房组、鹰山组碳酸盐岩的研究,采用将今论古的研究方法,结合前人的研究成果,根据现今岩溶相带的划分,系统的探讨了本研究区古岩溶的作用机理及模式,并综合分析控制古岩溶发育的诸多因素,包括地层岩性、古地貌、古构造、古水文、海平面变化、不整合面、断裂、古气候等等。     

下刚果盆地A区块下白垩统Albian阶沉积层序与古地理演化

通过对西非被动大陆边缘下刚果盆地中的A区块沉积相和层序地层分析,确定Albian阶主要为一套具"间断-交叉"混积机理的碳酸盐岩混杂陆源砂、泥沉积,可划分出5个三级层序,经历了从混积缓坡→周缘混积台地→破裂混积台地→深水混积陆棚→深海盆地(深水扇)的沉积演化全过程,对应于威尔逊构造旋回中后裂谷拗陷阶段向大陆漂移的过渡阶段,其中发育主力储、产层的SQ2-SQ3层序为Ⅱ型周缘混积-破裂台地沉积层序,可进一步划分为TST和HST两个体系域。解析了混积碳酸盐岩层序地层与沉积充填响应特征,建立了研究区混积碳酸盐岩"滑脱-盐拱-转换"多因素联控的沉积演化模式,提出SQ3层序时期的盐拱构造顶部呈帚状分布和垂向偏转加积发育的破裂混积台缘浅滩为最有利的储集微相类型;以TST和HST体系域作为编图单元,编制了SQ2和SQ3层序各体系域的岩相古地理图并探讨了有利储集相带展布规律,认为A区块Albian阶SQ2-HST、SQ3-TST和SQ3-HST三个体系域中预测出的叠置台缘浅滩,应成为今后的勘探重点。     

龙门山地区印支期正断层及其对沉积相和储层的控制作用

通过关口断裂两盘沉积对比分析,认为关口断裂在印支早期业已生成,断裂性质属正断层;受印支运动正断层的控制,研究区岩相古地理在中三叠世雷口坡期具有东西分异的特点;以龙门山山前断裂为界,岩相古地理格局的东西部差异性明显,沉积水体在川西地区较浅,而在龙门山地区较深.中三叠统天井山组亦发育于此张性大地构造背景下的北东-南西向碳酸盐台槽内,沉积水体较深;晚三叠世马鞍塘期,龙门山地区继承性存在的一系列正断层发育,使得古地势西低东高.