几种胆甾醇酯的合成与表征

 从相应的羧酸衍生物出发,采用DCC,DMAP酯化的方法合成了4种胆甾醇酯:多取代苯甲酸胆甾醇酯5,6,7及联苯丁酮酸胆甾醇酯9.偏光显微镜(POM)及示差扫描量热法(DSC)研究表明,多取代苯甲酸胆甾醇酯5,6,7为具有胆甾相的液晶分子.9为1种新型的胆甾醇酯化合物,其结构均未见文献报道.     

液氮下三种抗冻液对保存猪皮活力的比较研究

目的：寻求一种在液氮条件下冻存猪皮的最佳冷冻保护剂.方法：将新鲜巴马香猪皮肤消毒处理后分为3组,分别用A.20%二甲基亚砜（DMSO）、B.20%二甲基亚砜＋6%丙二醇（PG）、C.20%二甲基亚砜＋6%丙二醇＋0.5 M海藻糖（Trehalose）3种抗冻液作冻存处理后直接投入液氮保存,于15 d、30 d后复温进行活力检测.结果：0.5 mol/L海藻糖与二甲基亚砜、丙二醇联合作为抗冻液所处理的猪皮,复温后其活力明显高于其它两组.结论：海藻糖能有效提高低温储存皮肤的活力,医院在保存皮肤时可以在抗冻液中加入海藻糖以得到较高活力的猪皮用于临床.     

液体表面张力系数与温度的关系的实验研究

通过实验方法研究了液体表面张力系数与温度的关系,并从分子热运动的观点出发,结合分子间作用力的关系进行了论证.得出了液体的表面张力系数与温度呈递减关系.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定7种苯二氮(艹卓)类药物的研究

用反相梯度高效液相色谱法研究并同时测定了7种苯二氮革类药物（Benzodiazepines，BZDs），并将该方法应用于血清和尿液中的BZDs类药物测定．在本实验条件下，测定血清和尿液样品，方法精密度（RSD）不大于10％，回收率在94％～110％间，在较宽的范围内峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系，相关系数均在0．9992以上．地西泮、硝西泮、艾司唑仑、阿普唑仑的检出限分别为2ng·mL^-1，7ng·mL^-1，5．5ng·mL^-1及6ng·mL^-1；而氯硝西泮、三唑仑和咪达唑仑的检出限均为5ng·mL^-1．将本法用于分析体内BZDs，可以在40min内分离测定7种BZDs，方法操作简便、结果准确可靠，适于血清及尿液等生物样品中这类药物含量的测定．     

Yb:(Lu,Gd)VO4多晶粉末合成及晶体生长

采用液相法合成了不同掺杂浓度的Yb:(Lu,Gd)VO4多晶粉末.利用TG-DSC曲线确定了其烧结工艺.XRD测试表明所得样品为四方晶系,晶胞参数介于LuVO4和GdVO4之间.荧光光谱显示Yb:(Lu,Gd)VO4具有较大的半峰宽,荧光峰强度随掺杂浓度的加大而增强.采用该研究合成的多晶原料,通过提拉法生长出优质Yb:(Lu,Gd)VO4单晶.     

液芯光纤中CCl4的拉曼光谱分析

最近发展起来的光纤拉曼技术,它可以提高自发拉曼光谱强度103倍,降低受激拉曼光谱的阈值功率密度10-3.液芯光纤自问世以来,在传感、光谱分析、非线性光学等研究中都取得了重要研究成果.CCl4作为液芯光纤中的芯,它的振动特性对光纤的性质起着至关重要的作用.     

化学实验室污染及治理措施初探

以无机分析实验室为例,论述了化学实验室污染物的特点、对环境的危害,根据其特点提出了化学实验室污染物治理措施,目的在于提高管理者、实验工作者的环境意识,普及环境知识。     

Influence of gravity on narrow input forced drainage in 2D liquid foams

Liquid foam is a dense packing of gas bubbles in a small amount of liquid containing surfactants or other surface-active macromolecules, which is one of the highly organized materials and possesses hallmark rheological behaviour of soft matters. Forced foam drainage is the flow of constantly inputted liquid through the network of interstitial channels between bubbles under actions of gravity and capil-larity. This process involves two mechanisms: minimal viscous flow dissipation of liquid and minimal surface energy of bubbles. For constant surfactant solution, viscous dissipation usually varies with gravity. This work reports simulations of 2D forced foam drainage with narrow input in a Hele-Shaw cell under 8 different gravities, g, ranging from 9.8 to 0 ms?2. The spread of liquid both vertical due to gravity action, and horizontal due to capillary suction, is recorded over time. Positions of drainage wave fronts in both directions with time are found to be well described in the power law form, and the exponents are 0.536 5.29×10-3g and 0.479?7.27×10-3g, respectively, while the sum is close to a constant of 1.015 which is independent of gravity. For g=9.8 ms-2, the calculated exponents are in good agreement with experimental results by Hutzler et al. and Wang.     

Algorithms for improving accuracy of spray simulation

Fuel spray is the pivotal process of direct injection engine combustion.The accuracy of spray simula- tion determines the reliability of combustion calculation.However,the traditional techniques of spray simulation in KIVA and commercial CFD codes are very susceptible to grid resolution.As a conse- quence,predicted engine performance and emission can depend on the computational mesh.The two main causes of this problem are the droplet collision algorithm and coupling between gas and liquid phases.In order to improve the accuracy of spray simulation,the original KIVA code is modified using the cross mesh droplet collision(CMC)algorithm and gas phase velocity interpolation algorithm.In the constant volume apparatus and D.I.diesel engine,the improvements of the modified KIVA code in spray simulation accuracy are checked from spray structure,predicted average drop size and spray tip penetration,respectively.The results show a dramatic decrease in grid dependency.With these changes,the distorted phenomenon of spray structure is vanished.The uncertainty in predicted aver- age drop size is reduced from 30 to 5μm in constant volume apparatus calculation,and the uncertainty is further reduced to 2μm in an engine simulation.The predicted spray tip penetrations in engine simulation also have better consistency in medium and fine meshes.     

The liquid phase separation of Bi-Ga hypermonotectic alloy under acoustic levitation condition

Containerless treatment of Bi-58.5at%Ga hypermonotecUc alloy is successfully performed with acoustic levitation technique. Under acoustic levitation condition, the second phase （Ga） distributes almost homogeneously in solidification sample, opposite to macrosegregation in solidification sample under conventional condition. Stokes motion of the second liquid droplet （Ga） is significantly restrained under acoustic levitation condition. The analyses indicate that the melt vibration in the gravity direction forced by acoustic field can induce steady flow around the second liquid droplet, which influences droplet shape during its moving upward and consequently restrains Stokes motion velocity of the second liquid droplet.