片断化对常绿阔叶林种类组成的影响

森林片断化可能对植物群落带来不利的影响，该文调查片断化、半岛型和连续常绿阔叶林的五种丰富度和物种组成来衡量片断化的影向。片段化林地比相同面积的连续森林有更高的物种丰富度，物种丰富度最低的是半岛型样地。片断化林地和半岛型林地含有较多的外来种。结果表明，片断大小一物种丰富度有关，同时周围生态系统类型、经历片断化时间也影向物种丰富度和组成。干扰程度较高的半岛型林地中藤本植物很少，反映了林地质量较差，表明藤本植物可能可以作为我国东部人类干扰地区常绿阔叶林保护和管理的指示种。     

Effect of hydrogen peroxide on the binding of Merocyanine 540 to human erythrocytes

The fluorescent dye Merocyanine 540 (MC540) is often used as a probe to monitor the molecular packing of phospholipids in the outer leaflet of biomembranes. In a previous study we showed that the increased staining of erythrocytes with a perturbed membrane structure was mainly due to an increase in the fluorescence yield of cell-bound MC540, rather than to an increase of the number of bound molecules. Erythrocytes and ghosts exposed to continuous fluxes of H₂O₂ exhibited pronounced lipid peroxidation. Further, red blood cells subjected to this form of oxidative stress also showed increased staining with MC540. It appeared that this was caused by a strong increase in binding of MC540, together with a slight red shift of the fluorescence emission maximum and a small increase in the fluorescence yield of bound MC540. The changed MC540 binding characteristics were not observed when lipid peroxidation was suppressed by the presence of the antioxidant BHT in the incubation medium. However, open ghosts exposed to H₂O₂ showed no increase of MC540 binding, excluding a direct involvement of lipid peroxidation. Measurement of fluorescence emission spectra and gel filtration studies showed that MC540 can bind to H₂O₂-exposed hemoglobin. Experiments with erythrocytes lysed in hypotonic medium after exposure to H₂O₂ revealed that peroxidation of lipids with H₂O₂ induced a non-specific permeabilization of the plasma membrane to MC540, thereby allowing MC540 to bind to the oxidatively denatured, more hydrophobic hemoglobin. These results indicate that conclusions about packing of phospholipids in the outer leaflet of the membrane based on increased MC540-staining should be drawn with care. Received 27 September 1996; received after revision 5 November 1996; accepted 27 November 1996     

低能耗,高绝缘性能的绝缘子玻璃

在分析钠－钙－硅系统绝缘子玻璃成分的基础上利用“压抑效应”，即以碱土金属氧化物取代部分ＳｉＯ２的可能性。采用正交设计的方法，按Ｌｙｏｎ粘度计算公式，对玻璃的高温粘度作了优选计算。     

减压渣油热转化行为的热重法研究

用热重分析法研究了减压渣油的热转化行为，获得了渣油热转化的起始失重温度、转化终了温度、剧烈反应温度区间、反应速率峰值及峰值温度、生焦率、不同转化阶段的温度区间及对应的动力学参数和动力学方程．该方法具有简便易行，样品用量少，取得参数多，获得信息快等优点，可用于评价不同产区和不同产期的渣油及渣油中的组分在不同条件下的热转化行为     

上向流聚苯乙烯滤科直接过滤原水 Ⅲ 滤层组成的影响

基于大量的试验数据，探讨了上向流聚苯乙烯滤料直接过滤原水时波层组成对过滤效果的影响．试验结果表明：滤层组成的确定应综合考虑过滤周期发出水水质．     

全层片组织 TiAl 基合金室温断裂机理的研究

在ＳＥＭ和ＴＥＭ下对Ｔｉ３３Ａｌ３Ｃｒ０．５Ｍｏ合金全层片组织薄板状和薄膜状试样分别进行了动态拉伸，并原位观察了试样中裂纹的形核及扩展过程．发现裂纹遇到内相界面时会发生偏转或裂尖发生钝化；主裂纹主要以使剪切带断裂而与微裂纹相连接的方式扩展并沿曲折路径进行．     

刺玫果中氨基酸组成及含量的测定

本文测定了刺玫果中的氨基酸组成及含量，并与同科植物进行了比较。实验表明，该果实中氨基酸组成齐全、含量高；E／E＋N为对照样品的2—3倍。因此是一种很有价值的绿色植物。     

人和动物的多瘤病毒

多瘤病毒分类于乳多空病毒科，ＤＮＡ肿瘤病毒。病毒无囊膜，直径４０ｎｍ～４５ｎｍ，有３种～４种衣壳蛋白，基因组为约５０００对核苷酸组成的双链闭合环状ＤＮＡ。病毒在自然界分布广泛，目前已从人、兔子、小牛、鸟类、啮齿类和灵长类等动物分离到多种多瘤病毒。各病毒内部有共同的属特异性抗原，但大多数病毒表面蛋白无血清学交叉反应。病毒在容许细胞中增殖良好，能使非容许细胞发生转化，在转化细胞中病毒ＤＮＡ以整合到宿主染色体的方式存在。多瘤病毒感染有严格的种特异性，在自然宿主内大多数病毒呈隐性感染，但人和虎皮鹦鹉多瘤病毒对宿主有一定致病性。本文就有关多瘤病毒的感染和生物学特性研究进展作一概述     

Effect of various stressors on the levels of lipid peroxide,antioxidants and Na+, K+-ATPase actrivity in rat brain

The level of malondialdehyde (MDA), an index of lipid peroxidation, and the antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), as well as the activity of Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase, were assessed in whole rat brain after immobilization, anemic hypoxia (NaNO₂) and 72 h starvation. The effect of these stressors on plasma glucose and corticosterone levels was also observed. Hypoxia and starvation stimulated the lipidj peroxide formation in braini as indicated by an increase in the level of MDA, being higher after starvation than hypoxia. Brain SOD activity was also increased in response to hypoxia and starvation while GSH content was only diminished ini hypoxia. However, neither MDA nor antioxidants were affected by immobilization. On the other hand, the activity of brain Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase was significantly increased by immobilization and hypoxia but decreased in starvation. A similar pattern of change was also observed in plasma glucose and corticosterone levels in response to these stressors. These results elucidate differences in the biochemical response of animals towards various types of stress, with increased lipid peroxide formation in hypoxia and starvation.     

番薯蜂花粉营养成分研究

分析测定了番薯蜂花粉的营养成分，结果表明：蛋白质含量为２３．２７５％；可溶性糖的含量明显高于其他花粉，其中果糖１０．４８％，葡萄糖６．７５％，蔗糖６．４７％，麦芽糖７．５３％，在测定的７种脂肪酸中，亚油酸相对含量最高，ＰＵＦＡ／ＳＦ比值为２．１０４。３种测出的黄酮类化合物含量分别为：芦丁（３３．２３ｍｇ／１００ｇ），桑色素（１８．２４ｍｇ／１０ｇ），坎菲醇（１１．３７ｍｇ／１００ｇ）。蛋白质氨基酸