白蚁肠道木质素及纤维素分解菌的分离鉴定及产酶条件优化

利用刚果红法、Azure-B平板法从白蚁肠道中分离出5株同时具有木质素降解和纤维素分解功能的菌株,选取其中分解功能最强的菌株MX5经形态观察、生化鉴定和16S rRNA鉴定为芽孢杆菌属的地衣芽孢杆菌Bacillus licheniformis。产酶条件优化试验结果表明,菌株MX5以w=0.5%秸秆为碳源,w=0.5%酵母粉和硫酸铵混合物为氮源,初始pH8.0,37℃摇瓶培养96 h,接种量为1%时,产酶活性最高。筛选出产酶活性优良的菌株,对提高木质纤维素的利用率、降低环境污染等方面意义深远。     

钻井液用新型有机胺抑制剂的研制与性能评价

近年来,有机胺钻井液体系在国外备受关注,有机胺优质水基钻井液技术的关键在于高效胺类抑制剂的研发．通过有机胺和环氧化物发生反应,合成出了有机胺抑制剂CYZ-5．利用膨胀性、絮凝性、黏度增加和岩心浸泡等实验,对其抑制性能进行了评价．实验结果表明,新型有机胺抑制剂CYZ-5的抑制性好,能有效抑制黏土造浆和岩心及岩屑的分散,且其抑制性持久性强,从而起到防止井壁坍塌的作用．     

高脱色力木质素活性炭的研制

研究了由制浆造纸废液中木质素制取高脱色力活性炭的工艺过程.结果表明,采用低压酸水解炭化ZnCl_2活化法,1000kg苇浆造纸的黑液可制取260kg左右的粉状活性炭,活性炭的碘值>1000mg/g,亚甲基兰值>180ml/g,其它指标符合林业部LY216-79标准。     

伯胺N1923萃取钨的机理研究

研究了伯胺(简写作N_(1923)或RNH_2)在中性溶液中和伯胺盐在酸性溶液中对钨(Ⅵ)的萃取过程以及酸度、温度等影响,用饱和法和摩尔系列法研究了萃合物的组成,并对萃合物的红外光谱和核磁共振谱进行了分析。在此基础上,对伯胺萃取钨存在着两种不同的机理进行了讨论。     

Purification and some properties of an amine oxidase from soybean seedlings

Summary An amine oxidase was purified 447-fold from soybean seedlings and some of its properties were investigated. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 25,000. It was most active towards putrescine, followed by spermidine and spermine. K_m-values for these substrates were relatively close. The enzyme was strongly inhibited by carbonyl reagents, such as semicarbazide and aminoguanidine.     

CCoAOMT基因反义表达载体的构建及转化苎麻的研究

采用RT-PCR的方法,克隆烟草木质素合成关键酶咖啡酰甲基转移酶(CCoAOMT)基因并测序．构建CCoAOMT基因反义表达载体,通过农杆菌介导法对苎麻进行遗传转化,得到转基因植株．采用PCR方法对其进行分子检测．为利用基因工程技术,创造适合我国国情的环保型低木质素苎麻转基因新品种奠定了基础。     

花生壳高沸醇木质素的结构研究

测定了花生壳高沸醇(HBS)木质素的元素组成、分子量、甲氧基含量和灰份,及其红外、紫外和1H-NMR谱图.根据所测数据计算得到花生壳HBS木质素C9结构模型:C9H9.39O2.17(OCH3)0.57.花生壳中提取的木质素的重均分子量测定结果为2 127 g.mol-1.HBS木质素的红外图谱中存在1 700 cm-1和1 328 cm-1峰,说明HBS木质素存在非共轭羰基作用.紫外图谱最强吸收在201 nm左右,表明其发生了n→π*电子跃迁,结构上具有较大的不饱和性.从1H-NMR图谱中可知,花生壳HBS木质素存在明显的愈疮木基和紫丁香基苯环结构.     

Curing Reaction Kinetics of Epoxy Resin Using Dicyandiamide Modified by Aromatic Amines

The curing reaction and reaction mechanism of epoxy resin E-44, for which aromatic amine modified dicyandiamide was used as a curing reagent, were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. The results showed that the modified dicyandiamide had better curing characteristic than unmodified dicyandiamide for epoxy resin E-44, and the curing reaction could be carried out at moderate temperature. Apparent activation energy of the curing reaction was decreased appreciably from 123.829 kJ/mol to 61.550-64.405 kJ/mol, and reaction order was decreased from 0.941 to 0.896-0.900. Curing reaction mechanism also was discussed.     

培养条件对甲醇毕赤酵母异源表达木质素过氧化物酶的影响

对含有黄孢原毛平革菌木质素过氧化物酶基因(LipH8)的甲醇毕赤酵母培养基和发酵方法进行了研究．摇瓶培养条件研究结果表明:用11°Bx麦芽汁培养工程菌,然后用高温浸提液置换诱导产酶较好．5 L发酵罐产酶放大实验结果表明,木质素过氧化物酶较稳定,在72 h木质素过氧化物酶酶活达到最高7 568 U/L．