Alkaline pressure oxidative leaching of bismuth-rich and arsenic-rich lead anode slime

A new alkaline pressure oxidative leaching process(with NaNO3 as the oxidant and NaOH as the alkaline reagent)is proposed herein to remove arsenic,antimony,and lead from bismuth-rich and arsenic-rich lead anode slime for bismuth,gold,and silver enrichment.The effects of the temperature,liquid-to-solid ratio,leaching time,and reagent concentration on the leaching ratios of arsenic,antimony,and lead were investigated to identify the optimum leaching conditions.The experimental results under optimized conditions indicate that the average leaching ratios of arsenic,antimony and lead are 95.36%,79.98%,63.08%,respectively.X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the leaching residue is composed of Bi,Bi2O3,Pb2Sb2O7,and trace amounts of NaSb(OH)6.Arsenic,antimony,and lead are thus separated from lead anode slime as Na3AsO4·10H2O and Pb2Sb2O7.Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectrometry imaging revealed that the samples undergo appreciable changes in their surface morphology during leaching and that the majority of arsenic,lead,and antimony is removed.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to demonstrate the variation in the valence states of the arsenic,lead,and antimony.The Pb(IV)and Sb(V)content was found to increase substantially with the addition of NaNO3.     

Tunable fabrication of single-crystalline CsPbI3 nanobelts and their application as photodetectors

Lead halide perovskites have received increasing attention recently as a candidate material in various optoelectronic areas because of their high performance as light absorbers. Herein, we report the growth of CsPbI3 nanobelts via a solution process. A single-crystalline CsPbI3 nanobelt with uniform morphology can be achieved by controlling the amount of PbI2. A single-crystalline CsPbI3 nanobelt possesses a mean width, length, and thickness of 100 nm, 5 μm, and 20 nm, respectively. In this work, photodetectors (PDs) based on individual CsPbI3 nano-belts are constructed and found to perform well with an external quantum efficiency and responsivity of 2.39 × 105％ and 770 A/W, respect-ively. The PDs also show a high detectivity of up to 3.12 × 1012 Jones, which is at par with that of Si PDs. The PDs developed in this work ex-hibit great promise in various optoelectronic nanodevices.     

Osmium isotope determination on mantle-derived peridotite xenoliths from Panshishan with N-TIMS

The¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os ratios of spinel lherzolite xenoliths from Panshishan determined with N-TIMS are lower than that of the primitive mantle, which shows depleted mantle characteristics. Their positive correlation with Al₂O₃/MgO suggests that the geochemical behavior of trace elements Re and Os is similar to that of Al₂O₃ and MgO respectively during the magmatic evolution and Re-Os isotopic system is largely immune to mantle metasomatism. A model age of 2.8–3.4 Ga obtained by¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os-Al₂O₃/ MgO correlation might represent the homogeneous age of the mantle lithosphere beneath the area.     

硫化铅量子点的能带调控

摘要：纳米材料的研究在近年来是材料科学中研究的重点方向,而纳米硫化铅作为新型的具有特殊光学性能的材料在各个领域都受到广泛应用。我们通过实验以求控制其量子点的颗粒变化,从而进一步研究其本身性质的改变。文中我们采用化学液相法,使用溶液混合反应共沉淀制备硫化铅量子点,并通过X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和紫外可见分光光度计（UV-vis）进行表征分析。实验过程中我们成功的通过调制反应溶液的浓度和添加表面活性剂的方法改变了硫化铅量子点的颗粒尺寸,制备了粒径由7nm到20nm的硫化铅量子点。颗粒尺寸的变化也导致了量子点光学特性和能带的改变。从实验的结果上可看出,实验成功制备了结晶性良好的纯硫化铅量子点,再通过形貌及性能的表征分析后,发现量子点的能带岁颗粒尺寸大小变化的规律。通过对量子点本身光学性能的研究,我们可以使其在太阳能电池等领域获得更好的应用,同时对新型材料的发展起到促进作用。关键词：硫化铅;量子点;能带;调控     

无铅陶瓷釉上颜料的研制

对无铅颜料的机理进行了探讨,并用含多种氧化物的熔剂取代了釉上颜料中的ＰｂＯ,研制出的无铅颜料达到了ＺＢＹ２４００７－８９,可用于网印陶瓷釉上花纸生产。     

从国外职教模式看当前我国职教发展的瓶颈突破——兼谈职业教育校企合作机制的建立

校企合作难以进行,成为制约我国当前职业教育发展的瓶颈因素。政府主导缺失是校企合作难以深入的根本性原因。国际先进的职教模式为我们提供了很好的借鉴。加强政府主导、加强教育立法、加强统筹与协调、加强执行监督、搭建合作平台,创建合作机制是解决矛盾的主要途径。     

含铅重金属废水处理的试验研究

采用铁屑固定床反应器去除工业废水中的铅。废水进入反应器后，通过铁屑固定床反应器的电化学反应的氧化还原，铁屑对絮体的电附集和对反应的催化作用，以及电池反应产物的混凝，新生絮体的吸附和床层的吸附过滤等作用的综合效应使重金属得以从废水中除去。试验结果表明，去除铅废水的最佳工艺条件为：pH=6．0-7．0，HRT=5h，采用连续曝气，曝气量为0．2L/min；用铁屑固定床处理含铅废水运行稳定，去除率高，出水可以达到国家排放标准。     

提前期和订货成本可控条件下存在瑕疵品的库存问题

研究提前期和订货成本是可控的、到达货物存在瑕疵品时,采用连续盘点策略的（Q,r）库存管理问题.分析了有关文献中给出的求解年总成本最小值算法的缺陷,推导出最优解的正确表达式,并提出了一种迭代算法求解该模型.在市场需求分布未知情况下建立新的模型和求解算法,并通过数值算例比较了市场需求服从正态分布和未知的两种模型.     

铅挤压阻尼器的研究

利用铅的塑性变形能力,设计制作了铅挤压阻尼器.根据金属挤压理论,分别基于解析法和有限元法提出了分析铅挤压阻尼器力学特征的方法,并建立了相关的计算公式.试验研究了铅挤压阻尼器在不同位移、不同频率组合下的力学性能.研究结果表明,铅挤压阻尼器的屈前刚度大、滞回曲线丰满,在小位移加载时,阻尼比高达0.5以上;铅挤压阻尼器的阻尼性能与加载频率无关,工作性能稳定.该阻尼器可以作为工程结构风振和抗震控制的消能装置.     

隔震曲线梁桥的地震响应

根据隔震曲线梁桥的特点,利用两个正交的非线性水平弹簧单元来模拟铅芯橡胶支座的双向非线性特性,基于大型有限元分析软件SAP2000,选取强震记录作为地震输入,考虑了曲线梁桥自身特性的影响,建立了隔震与无隔震曲线梁桥的空间有限元模型,并进行了双向地震动作用下的地震响应分析.结果表明:铅芯橡胶支座不仅可以有效地降低曲线梁桥的地震响应,还有助于减少曲率半径对曲线梁桥地震响应的影响.为曲线梁桥减隔震设计的深入和桥梁结构抗震安全性的提高提供了依据和参考.