鄂尔多斯盆地南缘晚古生代层序地层分析

应用层序地层学理论和方法,通过对大量钻井和测井资料的整理分析,进行了鄂尔多斯盆地南缘晚古生代地层层序划分。研究区太原组和山西组可划分出5个三级层序。在陆表海盆地的3个层序中,每个层序由海侵体系域和高水位体系域组成,缺失低水位体系域。而在河流一三角洲充填序列中,可划分出低水位、水进和高水位体系域。     

塔木素预选区第四纪构造活动性的光释光测年分析

内蒙古塔木素地区地处中蒙边境,位于阿拉善右旗,是高放废物粘土岩处置库的预选场址。预选区内大部分地区被第四系地层覆盖,发育多条断裂构造,断裂构造第四纪以来的活动性对于预选区有利地段的最终确定具有重要的科学和现实意义。本文以塔木素地区北部靠近控盆断裂的塔木素断裂为研究对象,利用光释光定年技术研究该断裂晚第四纪的活动性。通过野外地质调查和高分辨率卫星遥感影像发现塔木素断裂东段错段一条干枯的河流,我们对河流阶地采集光释光样品,测得光释光年龄为56.8±5.2ka,结合河流阶地的高程曲线可以看出塔木素断裂晚第四纪以来活动性弱。     

谈植物生理学实验教改及学生能力的培养

在高校实验教学过程中,作者结合自身本科生植物生理学实验课教学经验,对该课程的教学改革以及学生实践技能和综合、创新能力的培养提出若干意见:1)狠抓"基础",重视基本实验技能的培养,保证学生了解实验基本原理、熟练掌握实验操作方法以及具有科学思维能力的基础上,开展综合性实验教学。2)注重"创新",强化综合实验技能,通过开放实验室,让学生接触运用先进实验仪器,同时参与教师的课题研究,激发学生的独立探究意识,培养学生科研能力。3)关注"细节",完善创新人才培养,创新改革过程中要逐步完善实验成绩评定体系,力求客观公正的评定学生综合实验能力,同时考虑实验材料经济性,遵循科学、简洁、安全、节约的原则,合理安排实验顺序。     

电气工程专业实验教学改革的探索与实践

总结了电气工程专业实验教学改革的探索与实践。内容包括借鉴兄弟院校经验,构筑合理的实践教学体系框架。引进人才,加强实验教学队伍建设;加强实验科研,推进现有实验项目的综合性改造;引导实验教学方法的改革,鼓励实验讲义的编写;推进实验教学管理的规范化;强化实验设备维护和实验室管理。这些措施保证了实验教学质量,为通过省级示范性实践教学中心的评估打下了坚实的基础。     

中国南方中、古生界海相地层油气显示及其表达的油气藏改造信息

对中国南方地面及井下共464个沥青、油、气显示点的层位、产状、改造机制和改造时期统计分析认为:油气显示产状丰富,裂缝(断裂)占优,晶洞和孔隙次之,溶孔和溶洞最少.断裂作用是中国南方中、古生界海相原生油气藏最主要的改造机制,其次是隆升剥蚀作用.不同区块有不同的改造机制,中、下扬子区油气显示与张性正断层及其张节理密切相关,上扬子区为断裂和隆升剥蚀的联合作用.油气显示的原始改造期为燕山晚期—喜山早期,其次为喜山晚期.各构造区块原始油气藏的改造时期不同,中、下扬子区为燕山晚期—喜山早期,上扬子区为燕山晚期—喜山期,江南隆起具有分段性,北段从海西期就开始被改造,直至喜山早期,而中段和南段的改造时期为燕山晚期—喜山早期.     

Astronomically modulated late Pliocene equatorial Pacific climate transition and Northern Hemisphere ice sheet expansion

The equatorial Pacific underwent a significant climate transition during the late Pliocene, which is characterized by cooling of global sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and formation of a marked SST gradient between the eastern and western equatorial Pacific. Moreover, this transition was nearly synchronous with the late Pliocene Northern Hemisphere glaciation. Probing the relationship among solar insolation, low and high latitude processes is the key to unravel the mechanism of this climate transition. A se...     

基础有机化学实验的教学改革探讨

化学是一门实践性强的学科,基础有机化学实验在整个化学学科教学中占有重要的地位。针对在综合性大学基础有机化学实验课的教学特点和社会的专业人才需求,讨论了基础有机化学实验课教学改革与培养创新人才的关系,介绍了四川大学本课程实施教学改革的一些探索性工作。就实施因材、因需施教,实验教学内容、教学形式和考核方式等方面进行了探讨。其目的是加强基础有机化学实验课与相关课程知识点的衔接,培养学生创新精神和自主创新的能力。     

强制性海退沉积物与油气分布

强制性海退形成于相对海平面下降期间,对应于早期低位体系域的快速下降和缓慢下降以及晚期高位体系域的缓慢下降,引起沉积环境向海方向的迁移;当沉积物供应充足时,在斜坡边缘地区可以发育典型的进积斜坡沉积,表现在地震剖面中常为前积斜交反射结构。随滨岸线向海退却,在近岸一侧或浅海环境通常缺失低位体系域或陆架边缘体系域,强制性海退形成的砂体沉积往往离岸较远;缓慢下降期的晚期高位体系域也是强制海退的产物。强制性海退可以形成准层序边界和层序边界相一致的特殊现象,层序边界可以构成准层序边界的底界、顶界。     

郯庐断裂带张八岭隆起北段晚中生代岩体的成因

郯庐断裂带张八岭隆起北段分布着一些晚中生代岩体,其侵位时间在120~128 Ma之间,稍晚于同期华北克拉通内江苏徐州和安徽宿州地区(简称徐宿地区)。文章通过对上述两地区的地球化学特征的对比研究,认为张八岭隆起北段岩体的岩浆来源可能是壳-幔岩浆混合形成的,并可能经历了一定的岩浆分异作用;而徐宿地区岩浆可能与深部地壳物质的部分熔融有关。上述结果表明,张八岭隆起北段岩浆来源深度较华北克拉通内部徐宿地区深,断裂带内具有较强的伸展活动及岩石圈减薄程度。分析认为,断裂带的存在和活动在岩石圈减薄过程中具有诱发和促进作用。     

Structural deformation and fault activity of the Tan-Lu Fault zone in the Bohai Sea since the late Pleistocene

The Tan-Lu Fault zone (TLFZ) is a significant fractural zone in eastern China and also a seismicity belt in North China. Based on total 4000-km-long shallow penetrated single seismic data with high-resolution, structural deformation and fault activity of the TLFZ in the Bohai Sea since the late Pleistocene are discussed in detail. The results show that the TLFZ with a discontinuous distribution and a general NNE-trending consists of 14 active subfaults with an NNE or NE strike in the Bohai Sea. Seismic data reveal that de-formation zones along the subfaults in the central Bohai Sea and the Laizhou Bay are wider and more complex than those in the Liaodong Gulf. Related folds and lots of secondary normal faults which are characterized by nearly vertical fault planes and a same or reverse dip construct the fractural zone in the Laizhou Bay and the central Bohai Sea. Usually, micro symmetrical grabens develop on the top of anticlines. In the Liaodong Gulf, subfault fractural zones usually consist of secondary normal faults with the same inclination or opposite inclination. Ages of seismic sequences and cutting relation between subfaults and seismic sequences suggest that the latest faulting age of the TLFZ is the end of the late Pleistocene in the Liaodong Gulf and the early Holocene in the Laizhou Bay and the central Bohai Sea. There is a good match between distribution of earthquakes and that of the subfaults in the Laizhou Bay and the central Bohai. Statistical result shows that total vertical offset of the TLFZ since the late Pleistocene ranges from 6 to 11 m. On the basis of offsets of the subfaults, the vertical slip rate is calculated and results show that average vertical slip rates in the central Bohai Sea are larger than those in the Liaodong Gulf and the Laizhou Bay. Slip rates more than 0.06 mm/a during 23–10 ka B.P. and 85–65 ka B.P. are larger than those in other stages. The TLFZ was mainly dominated by tensional normal component since the late Pleistocene. Synthesizing shallow deformation, activity and distribution of earthquakes, the TLFZ in the Bohai Sea can be divided into three segments: the Laizhou-Bay segment, the Bozhong segment, and the Liaodong-Gulf segment.