Construction of heteroduplex DNA and<Emphasis Type="Italic">in vitro</Emphasis> model for functional analysis of mismatch repair

Functional deficiency of mismatch repair (MMR) system is one of the mechanisms of tumorigenesis. With the development of the investigation and the requirement from the clinical diagnosis and treatment it is necessary to build up a method to evaluate the functional status of the whole MMR system in the concerned tumors. The original ssDNA and dsDNA from wild type (wt) bacteriophage M13mp2 and its three derivates with mutation points in the lacZα gene have been used to construct two kinds of hetero-duplex DNA molecules. One named del(2) has two bases deleted in the negative strand, the other has a G·G mismatch base pair in the negative strand too. Introducing this heteroduplex DNA into E. coli NR9162 (mutS-) without the MMR ability on the indicator plate with x-gal and IPTG, there are three kinds of plaques, mixture plaque as the characteristic phenotype of heteroduplex DNA, blue and clear plaques. If the cell extract is mismatch repair competent the percentage of the mixture plaque will decrease after incubation with these heteroduplex DNA, the repair efficiency is expressed in percentage as 100× (1 minus the ratio of percentages of mixture plaque obtained from the extract-treated sample and untreated samples), which can imply the functional status of MMR system of certain samples. After large T-antigen-dependent SV-40 DNA replication assay cell extract from TK6, a human lymphoblastoid B-cell lymphoma cell line with MMR ability, and Lovo, a human colonic carcinoma cell line with MMR deficiency have incubated with these heteroduplex DNA. The repair efficiency of TK6 to del(2) is more than 60%, to G-G is more than 50%. The Lovo efficiency to del(2) is less than 10%, to G-G is less than 20%. Therefore, in this in vitro model used for functional analysis of mismatch repair of heteroduplex DNA as the repair target, TK6 can serve as the control for MMR proficiency and Lovo as the control for MMR deficiency. Using this model the tumor tissue from a case of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (microsatellite instability high, MSI-H) was measured and lack of MMR ability was shown. And a case of sporadic rectal cancer (SRC) (microsatellite stability, MSS) maintains MMR proficiency. The results indicate that the model is sensitive and dependable. It could be used to measure the func- tion status of MMR system in tumor cell and/or tissues. This is a reliable method to investigate the mechanic of tumori-genesis. It is meaningful in the observation of the role of MMR in the initiation and progression of concerned tumors.     

运动营养与自由基代谢关系的研究

通过测定大鼠在进行耐外性运动前及运动后即刻、２ｈ、４ｈ、６ｈ贤脏组织脂质过氧化水平（ＬＰＯ）、超氧化物岐化酶活性（ＳＯＤ）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）指标所形成的动态变化表明，ＬＰＯ呈现下降趋势，而ＳＯＤ和ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性呈现上升趋势。这说明耐久性运动可以提高大鼠肾脏组织内抗氧化酶活性，从而清除运动时产生的时量自由基，提高了贤脏组织对抗自由基的能力。     

80例尿毒症死亡病例的临床分析

本文总结了我院近年收治的80例尿毒症病例对其原发病因及死亡原因作一分析。原发病以慢性肾炎最多,后依次为肾硬化、狼疮肾、肾盂肾炎、尿路结石、糖尿病肾病、多囊肾和多发性骨髓瘤。死亡原因以代谢性酸中毒为冠,其次为感染、心衰、高血钾、心律失常、脑水肿、脑出血及心梗。     

吲哚美辛对人喉癌Hep-2细胞系的抑制作用

目的：评价吲哚美辛对人喉癌Hep-2细胞系的抑制作用。方法：应用不同剂量的吲哚美辛作用于人喉癌细胞系Hep-2后，进行细胞形态观察，并用台盼蓝染色法检测细胞生长情况和流式细胞仪分析细胞DNA含量。结果：Hep-2细胞系在吲哚美辛作用下，细胞生长形态改变，细胞活力降低，流式细胞仪分析形成明显的亚二倍体峰，并与药物剂量及作用时间有依赖关系，电镜下见凋亡细胞。结论：吲哚美辛能抑制人喉癌细胞系Hep-2的生长，诱导细胞凋亡。     

混合稀土常乐对Wistar大鼠肾脏影响的实验研究

研究了长期口服混合稀土常乐对肾脏功能的影响.将120只雌、雄各半的Wistar大鼠平均分为对照组和2、5、20 mg/kg 3个剂量的给药组,连续以灌胃方式给药90 d,第91 d取血清,测试肌酐(碱性苦味酸法测试)、尿素氮(尿素酶电导法测试)、尿酸(终点法测试)和钙(离子选择电极法测试),用SPSS10.0软件对肌酐、尿素氮、尿素、钙的含量和尿素氮/肌酐比值进行one-way ANOVA方差分析.研究结果显示:①尿素含量:雌、雄两性大鼠差异均不显著(P>0.05).②尿素氮含量:雄性大鼠,2 mg/kg组的含量比对照组极显著增多,而20 mg/kg组比对照组极显著降低(P<0.01);雌性大鼠,5 mg/kg和20 mg/kg组均比对照组极显著降低(P<0.01),同时,2 mg/kg组雌性大鼠比雄性大鼠的含量显著降低(P<0.05).③肌酐含量:雌性大鼠和雄性大鼠与对照组相比差异均不显著(P>0.05).④钙含量:雄性大鼠各剂量组均比对照组极显著增多(P<0.01),雌性大鼠2 mg/kg组比对照组含量显著性增多(P<0.05).⑤BUN/CRE比值:雌、雄性大鼠在5 mg/kg和20 mg/kg组均比对照组极显著降低(P<0.01),2 mg/kg组的雌性大鼠比同剂量组的雄性大鼠极显著性降低(P<0.01).     

新型固氮菌剂对菜豆生长发育的影响

研究了施用催娩克氏菌剂对菜豆的影响。结果表明，用体积百分数为5％的菌液浸种，移植第1d和20d用体积百分数为0.5%菌液喷施叶面和淋根可促进菜豆种子萌发、提高幼苗素质、促进早熟、提高坐荚率及小区产量。     

肾感染石的单一ESWL治疗

观察单一体外冲击波碎石术（ESWL）治疗肾感染石的疗效，探讨碎石过程中的定位技术和冲击方法，采用B超或X线定位碎石机治疗128例肾感染石患，其中部分性鹿角石116例，完全性鹿角石12例；结石为单发101例，多发27例，共178枚，结石直径1．4－1．7cm，平衡2．2cm，碎石前，在33例体积较大的患中，28例放置双“J”管，5例放置Dormia支架，单次治愈71例（55．47％），2次30例（23．44％），3次13例（10．16％），4次5例（3．91％），5次（91％），失败（3．13％），要后因尿路感染而发热14例（10．94％），其中1例被迫行肾切主，其余均用抗生素治愈，17例（13．28％）并发5cm以上的石街，经保守治疗或重复碎石后痊愈，未出现其他严重并发症，认为在肾感染石碎石过程中，B超定位效果优于X线；单一ESWL治疗肾感染石是一种安全、有效的方法。     

中药复方对肾切除大鼠促红细胞生成素的影响

研究中药复方对肾大部切除大鼠促红细胞生成素(EPO)的影响.采用切除大鼠肾脏5 6制备慢性肾衰模型,并随机分成假手术组、模型组、包醛氧淀粉组、肾衰宁组及中药复方的高、中、低剂量组,分别灌胃给药,四周后测血红蛋白(Hb)及红细胞(RBC)计数,并称量大鼠体重.结果表明,与模型组对比,给药组Hb含量,RBC计数均明显、升高,大鼠体重也显著增加.验证了中药复方可以改善慢性肾衰大鼠贫血状态,促进EPO生成.     

恶性肿瘤合并上腔静脉综合征诊断分析

通过分析恶性肿瘤引起上腔静脉综合症的主要症状体征、致病原因和原发病变部位,旨在提高对恶性肿瘤引起上腔静脉综合症的认识。回顾分析有完整病例资料的恶性肿瘤合并上腔静脉综合症病例112例。发现112例患者中肺癌引起的上腔静脉综合症占85%,单纯右上肺癌引起的SVCS占48.4%。病理类型以小细胞肺癌最为多见,为38.4%。说明在右上肺小细胞癌患者诊治过程中应密切观察其症状体征,并定期检查肺CT以免漏诊上腔静脉综合症。     

Polycystic kidney diseases: From molecular discoveries to targeted therapeutic strategies

Polycystic kidney diseases (PKDs) represent a large group of progressive renal disorders characterized by the development of renal cysts leading to end-stage renal disease. Enormous strides have been made in understanding the pathogenesis of PKDs and the development of new therapies. Studies of autosomal dominant and recessive polycystic kidney diseases converge on molecular mechanisms of cystogenesis, including ciliary abnormalities and intracellular calcium dysregulation, ultimately leading to increased proliferation, apoptosis and dedifferentiation. Here we review the pathobiology of PKD, highlighting recent progress in elucidating common molecular pathways of cystogenesis. We discuss available models and challenges for therapeutic discovery as well as summarize the results from preclinical experimental treatments targeting key disease-specific pathways. Received 8 August 2007; received after revision 19 September 2007; accepted 2 October 2007