求解线性方程组的超几何球法

由解析几何观点知道,线性方程组解的几何意义是方程组中各个方程所代表的超平面的交点.根据直径对应的圆周角是直角以及直角三角形中短边对小角的原理进一步知道,当将初始点向线性方程组中各个方程所代表的超平面上投影得到投影点时,初始点和其任何一个投影点及方程组的解点都将位于一个相应的超球面上,其中必定存在一个投影点离问题解点的距离最短,即把该点作为下一次迭代的初始点,从而可将线性方程组求解的问题变成球面上逼近解点的迭代问题.利用此方法通过计算几个良(病)态线性方程组算例,说明该方法不仅具有一定的抗病态性,而且简单实用.     

浅谈如何在课程改革下进行语文教学

素质教育是学校教育工作的核心，是实现学生能力培养及学生身心素质全面发展的主要途径。本文提出了如何在小学课程改革下开展语文教学的几种方式。     

原始地应力及力学参数的测定

本文根据孔壁应力解除法获得的量测应变,提出了采用最优化方法直接确定岩体的泊松比和原始地应力。实例表明,这样获得的原始地应力更符合实际——对应最小的量测残差。     

Krylov子空间投影法研究进展

Ｋｒｙｌｏｖ子空间投影法是一类非常有效的大型稀疏线性代数方程组解法，已被广泛应用于各种领域，随着左右空间Ｌｍ，Ｋｍ的不同取法可以得到许多人们熟知的方法．本文按矩阵Ｈｍ的不同类型，即为上Ｈｅｓｓｅｎｂｅｒｙ阵还是三对角阵将Ｋｒｙｌｏｖ子空间投影法分成两大类，从每步迭代是否具有最优性和方法的存储量、计算量等方面对Ｋｒｙｌｏｖ子空间法及其最新进展进行评述，指出Ｋｒｙｌｏｖ子空间法的局限及今后的研究方向．     

利用积分算子方程的小波－矩量法分析频率选择反射面

小波－矩量法以小波基作为矩量法中的基函数，通过Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ法可以获得很稀疏的阻抗矩阵，用迭代法求解时可减少计算机内存和计算时间。该文以有限尺寸的频率选择反射面为例，用小波－矩量法分析散射特性和电流分布，着重讨论了阻抗矩阵的稀疏化程度对计算精度的影响。结果表明，当非零元素仅为１０％时，仍能达到满意的精度，因此小波－矩量法不失为分析电大尺寸问题的一种有效方法     

《光电技术》课程的教学改革与实践

对《光电技术》课程的教学内容和教学方法进行了改革，并提出了如将教学和科研有机结合起来开展实验教学改革，使教学能紧跟上高科技的飞速发展，充满活力和时代气息。实践证明，这些教学改革效果良好，不仅有助于激发学生学习兴趣，而且有利于培养学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。     

Banach空间中有限族非扩张映象隐迭代程序的收敛性

在Banach空间的框架下，研究了有限族非扩张映象隐迭代程序的收敛性，其结果不仅改进和发展了最新的有关结果，而且也肯定地回答了Xu提出的一个公开问题。     

Samples Selection for Artificial Neural Network Training in Preliminary Structural Design

An artificial neural network (ANN) is applied in the preliminary structural design of reticulated shells. Major efforts are made to enhance the generalization ability of networks through well-selected training samples. Number-theoretic methods (NTMs) are adopted to generate samples with low discrepancy, i.e.uniformly scattered in the domain, where discrepancy is a quantitative measurement of the uniformity. The discrepancy of the NTM-based sample set is 1/6-1/7 that of samples with equal spacing. In a case study,networks trained by NTM-based samples are compared with those trained by equal-spaced samples in generalizing performance. The results show that both the computational precision and stability of the former ANNs are more satisfactory than those of the latter. It is concluded that the flexibility of ANNs in generalizing can be effectively increased by use of uniformly distributed training samples rather than simply piling data.More reliable uniformity should be obtained, however, through NTMs instead of equal-spaced samples.     

Forecasting recessions using the yield curve

We compare forecasts of recessions using four different specifications of the probit model: a time invariant conditionally independent version; a business cycle specific conditionally independent model; a time invariant probit with autocorrelated errors; and a business cycle specific probit with autocorrelated errors. The more sophisticated versions of the model take into account some of the potential underlying causes of the documented predictive instability of the yield curve. We find strong evidence in favour of the more sophisticated specification, which allows for multiple breakpoints across business cycles and autocorrelation. We also develop a new approach to the construction of real time forecasting of recession probabilities. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.