西昌人工与自动酸雨观测记录差异规律研究

利用西昌国家基本气象站2021年人工和自动的酸雨观测数据,对TCYII 1型酸雨自动观测系统和人工系统的降水采样偏差及完整性、测量数据的准确性和一致性、设备硬件及软件通讯的故障率进行了对比分析。结果表明：正常情况下,2套系统数据的完整性、准确性、一致性较好。酸雨自动观测系统在采样方式及样品保存方面具备一定优势,能够保证观测数据更接近于自然雨水的数值,更贴近真实情况。自动观测系统面临单轨运行,它的手动操作设置、部分配件需厂家优化改进。上级主管部门对自动系统测量阈值的设定、采样中出现的漏采、空采、多采等特殊情况,仍需进一步明确处理办法。     

The discovery of antidepressants: A winding path

Summary Modern treatment of mental depression started with the availability of monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants. These drugs also contributed to the early development of psychopharmacology. Attempts to improve the anti-tuberculous action of the hydrazine derivative isoniazid by developing derivatives thereof led to the synthesis of iproniazid. Its introduction as the first modern antidepressant was based on three unexpected actions of the drug: MAO-inhibition, reversal of reserpine-induced sedation, and the presence of psychostimulation as a clinical side effect in man. However, the initial success of iproniazid and other MAO inhibitors, hydrazides and non-hydrazides, was curtailed by the occurrence of undesirable side effects such as potentiation of the blood-pressure elevating action of food amines. The tricyclic antidepressants were a development of the class of antihistamines, one of which, chlorpromazine, showed neuroleptic activity. A congener of this compound, imipramine, was discovered by clinical observation to have unexpected antidepressant effects. The clinical success of this drug (which is still in use) led to the development of a successful series of other tricyclic and non-tricyclic antidepressants. Progress in the elucidation of possible mechanisms of the action of the tricyclic compounds has helped this development. Recent advances in basic research have also induced a revival of MAO-inhibitors since, due to the discovery of MAO-subtypes, inhibitors with higher specificity and fewer undesirable side effects are now available.     

Metabolism of 3β-hydroxycholest-5-en-26-oic acid in hamsters

Summary Metabolism of 26-hydroxycholesterol to 3-hydroxychol-5-en-24-oic acid and other C24-bile acids has been expected to occur by way of 3-hydroxycholest-5-en-26-oic acid in studies in vitro. 3-Hydroxycholest-5-en-26-oic acid was infused intravenously into bile fistula hamsters and the following C24-bile acids were identified: 3-hydroxychol-5-en-24-oic acid, lithocholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, and a small amount of cholic acid.     

过渡金属酞菁配合物化学修饰电极的研究 Ⅰ.对草酸的电催化氧化

用不可逆吸附法首次制备了Co(Ⅱ)的3,3′,3″,3′″—四硝基酞菁配合物化学修饰电极(CoL CME),用循环伏安法研究了它的电化学性质和电催化功能,与未修饰玻碳电极相比,草酸在CoL CME上的氧化峰电位至少负移300mV,峰电流显著增大,表现出对草酸氧化具有明显的电催化作用,并发现草酸的电催化氧化峰电流与其浓度之间有很好的线性关系。     

Inhibition of the growth of cariogenic bacteria in vitro by plant falvanones

Phytoalexins, defensive compounds produced by plants against microbial infections, were purified fromSophora exigua (Leguminosae) and their growth inhibitory effects on oral cariogenic bacteria were determined in vitro. Among three isolated compounds, 5,7,2,4-tetrahydroxy-8-lavandulylflavanone completely inhibited the growth of oral bacteria including primary cariogenic mutans streptococci, other oral streptococci, actinomycetes, and lactobacilli, at concentrations of 1.56 to 6.25 g/ml.     

砂土中螺旋桩在斜拉荷载作用下的承载性能

为研究斜拉荷载倾斜角度和叶片埋深对螺旋桩极限承载力的影响,基于ABAQUS软件构建了砂土中螺旋桩的有限元模型,通过螺旋桩水平承载机理砂箱试验与竖向拉拔试验数据,对模型的准确性和可行性进行验证。设置4组不同叶片埋深的螺旋桩模型,分别施加不同角度的斜拉荷载,探讨了砂土地基中螺旋桩的承载性能与斜拉角度、叶片埋深的相关性。结果表明:砂土中螺旋桩的极限承载力随着斜拉角度的增大不断减小;当斜拉角度小于30°时,螺旋桩极限承载力与斜拉角度的关系曲线近似呈线性;螺旋桩极限承载力存在一个临界埋深比,当埋深比大于等于4时,承载力不随埋深比的增大而变化。推导了深埋状态下螺旋桩受斜拉荷载作用的极限承载力公式,经验证该公式能较好反映螺旋桩极限承载力随斜拉角度增大而逐渐下降的规律。     

非线性摄动电报方程初值问题的渐近理论

对一类二阶半线性摄动电报方程,给出了一个渐近方法,证明了解的渐近理论及形式近似解的合理性都在时间变量无穷大时（０≤ｔ≤Ｏ（｜ε｜－１））成立,并推广了赖绍永的工作［应用数学及力学,１９９７,１８（７）：６１１～６１６］．     

铬（Ⅲ）—尼克酸配合物合成方法的改进及其与酸反应特性的研究

为了避免Ｃｒ（ＯＨ）３引起的污染,本文用改进的方法合成了配合物Ｃｒ（ｎｉｃ）２（Ｈ２Ｏ）３ＯＨ,这里ｎｉｃ表示尼克酸根。通过红外光谱、热分析对其结构进行了表征。结果表明,尼克酸以羧基氧与铬（Ⅲ）配位。对该配合物与酸的反应特性和可能的机理进行了研究讨论。     

连续滚动生产作业安排中初始状态非平凡的P//C_(max)问题

以实际中连续滚动生产为背景,研究了一类新的平行机作业安排问题,即初始状态非平凡的Ｐ∥Ｃ_ｍａｘ问题。基于经典的Ｂｉｎ－ｐａｃｋｉｎｇ（装箱）理论和技巧,提出改进的Ｍｕｌｔｉｆｉｔ算法及相应的ＩＦＦＤ装法,并分析算法在最坏情况下的性能指标上界为４／３．最后,提出连续生产中周期滚动式作业安排的实施算法,实现了设备不空闲而连续运行。     

稀土与对-茴香酸配合物的合成与性质

本文合成了通式为ＲＥＬ３（ＲＥ３＋＝Ｐｒ３＋、Ｓｍ３＋、Ｔｂ３＋,,Ｌ＝对茴香酸根）的二元配合物．用元素分析、电导、ＩＲ、ＵＶ、ＴＧＤＴＡ等对其结构和性质进行了表征．该类配合物属桥式双齿配位