Evaluation of the hepatotoxicological effects of a drug in an in vivo/in vitro model

Both in vivo and in vitro models have certain disadvantages for the study of the chronic hepatotoxicity of drugs. The aim of this work was to evaluate a new approach based on an in vivo/in vitro model. After chronic in vivo treatment of rats with Vincamine and Vindeburnol (an eburnamenine derivative which exhibits hepatotoxic properties in man) liver cells were isolated, and functional and metabolic disorders (metabolic utilization of fructose and protein biosynthesis) were studied to determine injury. The results showed no modification of blood parameters, but a direct relationship between the dose of Vindeburnol administered in vivo and the metabolic disorders observed in vitro, evidencing the high sensitivity and reliability of this model.     

Cl−/HCO 3 − exchanger is operative in isolated enterocytes from rat jejunum

Enterocytes isolated from rat jejunum were tested for the existence of a Cl^–/HCO ₃ ^– exchange, previously evidenced in basolateral membrane vesicles but not in brush border. Cells were found to retain functional integrity and transport capabilities long enough to allow Cl^– fluxes to be measured. Both efflux and uptake experiments indicate that a Cl^–/HCO ₃ ^– antiport, inhibited by 4,4-diisothiocyanostilbene-2-2-disulfonic acid (DIDS), is functional under resting conditions.     

雌二醇对大鼠离体脂肪组织释放游离脂肪酸的影响

将大鼠离体脂肪组织置于组织灌流肌槽中,分别加入不同浓度的雌二醇及雌二醇加心得安、异搏定或无钙液,测定离体脂肪组织所释放的游离脂肪酸(freefattyacid,FFA)的含量,观察雌二醇对大鼠离体脂肪组织释放FFA的影响,并探讨其作用机制.结果发现雌二醇促进大鼠离体脂肪组织释放FFA(P<0.01),并存在剂量效应关系(r=0.845,P<0.001);;心得安、异搏定和无钙液可不同程度地阻断雌二醇对离体脂肪组织释放FFA的促进作用.由此表明雌二醇可通过增加FFA的释放,促进离体脂肪组织的分解代谢,且其作用可能部分经肾上腺素能β受体、异搏定敏感的L型Ca2+通道及细胞外Ca2+内流介导.     

锻热淬火对钢材机械性能的影响因素分析

普通淬火是钢材强化的主要途径，但淬火零件韧性不足，淬透性差，限制了钢材的应用范围．锻热淬火，细化钢材亚结构组织，能有效弥补普通淬火的缺陷，同时节能降耗，为发展少无切削钢材提供了广阔前景。     

沥青混合料粘弹塑性断裂参数研究

沥青混合料是一种典型的粘弹塑性材料，通过半圆弯拉试验，采用J积分和延迟开裂时间评价其延迟开裂性能；测得在不同荷载水平和不同试验温度条件下沥青混合料的延迟开裂时间以及不同试验温度下的断裂韧度，研究其裂缝起裂规律。研究结果表明，裂缝的起裂表现出明显的粘弹塑性特征，采用J积分理论和延迟开裂时间评价沥青混合料的断裂性能时，简单的流变本构关系依然适用。     

K1,r-free图中点独立数与其它参数之间的关系

给出了K1，r-free图中点独立数与其它参数如点数，边数，坚韧度，连通度等之间的一些关系。     

孤立导体的电位与电量成正比的证明

证明了孤立导体的电位与电量成正比的问题，有助于我们对静电场与场源之间联系的规律性的认识。     

摩擦焊接头组织与力学性能

研究了变形速率对低合金结构钢摩擦焊接头组织与力学性能的影响，结果表明，增大变形速率和延长减速改善了接头区域的硬度分布，焊缝区宽度变窄，热影响软化区不明显，焊缝晶粒细化，使焊缝的韧性得到一定程度的改善，本文对接头各个区域的显微组织进行了分析。     

断裂统计理论在材料性能研究中的应用

利用位错理论和断裂统计理论推导出材料强度和韧性与其它物理量之间的函数关系，并将推导的计算结果与实验值作一比较。