SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating for Qiashikansayi granodiorite, the Northern Altyn Tagh Mountains and its geological implications

The Qiashikansayi granodiorite is foliated resulting in a granodioritic gneiss. Its geochemical features, such as alumina saturation index(A/CNK) of 0.81-0.99, Na2O/K2O values>1, TiO2 contents <1.0%, LREE enrichment with high fractionation factors, weakly negative or no Eu anomalies, and significant Ba and Ti negative anomalies, suggest that it is similar to a typical island arc pluton. The trace elements of the Qiashikansayi granodiorite are plotted in the island arc field in the tectonic setting discrimination diagrams as well. Cathodoluminescence images demonstrated that the zircons have clear rhythmic crystallized zoning, without any remnant core and new crystallized rim, suggesting the zircons be magmatic ones. Their U and Th contents vary in the range of 574-870 μg/g, and 279-556μg/g respectively, with the Th/U ratio in the range of 0.52-0.68. SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating yielded the 481.5±5.3 Ma age for the intrusion of the granodiorite, which is coeval with the island arc volcanic rocks in the no     

The zircon SHRIMP chronology and trace element geochemistry of the Carboniferous volcanic rocks in western Tianshan Mountains

The genesis of the Carboniferous volcanic rocks in the Dahalajunshan group, mainly consisting of trachytes and trachy-andesites and distributing widely in western Tianshan Mountains, remains to be controversial. It has been proposed to be relevant to “rift” or “plume”. Detailed petrology and geochemical data presented in this paper show that these volcanic rocks represent typical continental arc magmatism. The volcanic rocks are mainly trachy-andesitic, and the magma source is enriched in LILE, Th and Pb, and depleted in HFSE and Ce. Trace element geochemical study suggests that the basalts could be modeled by 7% -11% partial melt of garnet Iherzolite. The volcanic rocks in the Dahalajunshan group are neither the products of “rift” nor so-called “plume”but represent the continental island arc of the Paleo-Southern Tianshan Ocean. The mantle wedge had been modified by the melt generating in subduction zone during a long evolution history of this island arc. The continental crust materials （i.e. mainly sediment on ocean floor） had been added into island arc through melt in subduction zone. Volcanic rocks occurring in different regions might represent magma eruption in different time. The zircon SHRIMP dating indicates that the ages of the basalt varies between 334.0 Ma and 394.9 Ma. The 13 analyses give an average age of 353.7±4.5 Ma （MSWD = 1.7）. The apparent ages of zircons in trachy-andesite vary between 293.0 Ma and 465.4 Ma. All analyses fall on the U-Pb concordant line and are divided into two groups. 8 analyses produce an average age of 312.8±4.2 Ma （MSWD = 1.7）, which represents the crystallizing age of zircon rims in trachy-andesite. The acquired two ages （i.e. 354 and 313 Ma） belong to the Early Carboniferous and Late Carboniferous epochs, respectively. Thus, the Dahalajunshan group would be separated into several groups with the accumulation of high-quality age dating and data of trace element and isotopic geochemistry, in our opinion.     

海南岛东南海岸带植被景观动态分析

利用马尔柯夫过程模型,建立了植被景观动态矩阵模型,预测了各景观类型处于相对稳定状态时所可能达到的面积比例之值分别是:①植被景观类型的面积比例将会是针叶林∶阔叶林∶人工林∶红树林∶灌草丛=11∶37∶21∶1∶14;②整个景观各类型的面积比例将会是植被景观∶农田景观∶湿地景观∶建筑景观∶其他景观=223∶112∶4.4∶4.5∶1.其总的趋势是针叶林与红树林显著减少,而阔叶林类型与建筑类型显著增加.     

遥感监测城市热岛强度及其作为生态监测指标的探讨

“热岛效应”现象是现代城市气候的主要特征之一。利用TM卫星遥感数据的分析结果,根据地理相似准则,提出以相对亮温来表示热岛强度,并将此无量纲因子应用于比较不同城市同一的不同小区;或同一小区不同时期中的热岛强度的差异,以此探讨利用遥感技术监测城市热岛强度的可能性。并提出将城市热岛强度作为城市生态环境状况的监测指标之一。     

海坛岛灌丛群落的地理分布特点

据对海坛岛南部,中部和东北部选取的６个地区２４处样地,３８４ｍ＾２灌丛群落的调查,以地区间灌木种多频度相似性指数作地区聚类和排序分析,得出海坛岛东北部和西部南两个地区组合,它们依海拔和降水量作略有规律的分布。     

复杂地形上城市热岛的数值模拟

用复杂地形上的三维边界层模式模拟了兰州市城关区的城市热岛,模拟得到的温度廓线和热岛强度与实测结果一致,模拟结果还显示了热岛的温度场和流场的三维结构,兰州市夜间热岛环流明显,地形山俗风对热岛环流有影响,热岛强度有明显的时间变化,城市热岛的形成主要是天气尺度的地转风和城市热源,地形等因素相互作用的结果。当地转风不变时,对热岛的形成起主要作用的因素是人工热源。     

珠海万山区海岛旅游资源开发探讨

分析了珠海市我发展旅游业的内部条件及优势与海岛旅游开发的外部环境,提出了万山区海岛旅游开发的定位应充分体现出独特的亚热带海洋特色,在创造海洋文化性和海洋经济性的同时,走高层次、高文化、多方位的发展道路的观点。     

上海近数十年城市发展对气候的影响

本文通过对上海市气象台(位于市区龙华)近数十年气候资料前后时期的历史分析,并与同时期郊县气候记录对比,滤去区域气候因素的影响,结合上海城市发展的特征,发现由于城市人口密度、建筑物密度和能源消耗量等的快速增长,导致上海城市气候发生一定程度的变化.其最突出的表现是:城市热岛效应效著,城乡气温差别逐渐增大;城区风速和湿度渐次减小;雾日数和晴天日数减少,低云量和阴天日数增多;太阳直接辐射和总辐射减少,散射辐射和混浊因子加大.观测实践证明:上海“城市发展”这个人为因素对当地气候确实具有明显的影响.     

Population genetics of a colonizing lizard: Loss of variability in introduced populations ofPodarcis sicula

Allozyme electrophoresis was used to study the genetic variability (proportion of polymorphic loci and heterozygosity) in insular populations (Corsica, Elba, Montecristo, Marettimo, Pantelleria) of the lacertid lizardPodarcis sicula. These populations were presumed to have originated from episodes of accidental anthropogenic introduction. In order to test the hypothesis of a man-aided colonization and to provide comparative data, heterozygosity and polymorphism were also estimated in autochthonous populations ofP. sicula from the Italian peninsula and Sicily. In each case, the presumed introduced population showed levels of genetic variability significantly lower than those detected in the autochthonous ones. Very little genetic differentiation was found among native and presumed colonist populations, Nei's standard genetic distances ranging from 0.001 to 0.009. These results strongly support the hypothesis thatP. sicula was only recently introduced to the studied islands, and provide additional evidence of reduced genetic variability due to founder effect in insular populations originating from episodes of human transportation.