1.4-丁炔二醇在汞电极上的吸附特性

用半经验的自洽场分子轨道法(CNDO/2)与电毛细曲线、微分电容曲线研究了1.4丁炔二醇在汞电极上的吸附特性.分子中原子的电荷分布表明它以平卧方式吸附于电极表面,有顺式与反式两种构型物同时存在于吸附层中,吸附本质上是一种物理吸附作用,其吸附服从Frumkin吸附等温式,吸附自由能与吸附分子间作用系数皆同电位有二次函数关系.     

脉冲色谱法测O2在炭分子筛上的吸附与扩散参数

建立了脉冲色谱法测炭分子筛填充柱中气体吸附和扩散参数实验装置。考察了不同载气流速下Ｏ２的脉冲应答曲线，并根据炭分子筛二离散孔结构模型计算出其一级绝对矩和二级中心矩。由一级绝对矩求得Ｏ２在炭分子筛上的吸附平衡常数值为４．９１．由二级中心矩求得Ｏ２在炭分子筛中的大孔扩散系数　Ｄｙ和微孔扩散参数　Ｄｘ／Ｒ２ｘ值分别为１．４６１×　１０－４ｃｍ２·ｓ－１和０．１９６ｓ－１．这种动态下测Ｏ２在炭分子筛上的吸附和扩散参数的方法简便而实用。     

NO adsorption study on the distribution of Ni2 + ions on the various micro-environments of carriers

The decrease of the electron density in the d orbits of Ni2+ ions, resulting from the disturbance of micro-environments in which Ni2+ ions are located, makes the frequency of adsorbed NO shift higher. The shift degree is determined mainly by the property of the microenvi-ronments. When Ni2+ ions are located on SII , SII · (SI ·) sites of Y zeolite or on the surface of γ-alumina, their NO adsorption gives rise to IR bands at 1 905, 1 900 and 1 855-1 875 cm-1, respectively. The distribution of Ni2 + ions on the various micro-environments of USY zeolite, AI2O3 and MS mixed carrier has also been discussed according to the different frequencies of adsorbed NO, as well as the influence of NiO loading.     

染料废水的综合处理

采用硫酸钡、高岭土等无机物来吸附染料废水中的有机染料，使染料废水的ρ(CODCr)从1万多下降至1400mg／L左右，同时得到副产物纸用颜料，对无机物吸附后的废水，进一步用电化学氧化和活性炭吸附处理，使废水的ρ(CODCr)继续下降至100mg／L以下，而达到国家一级排放标准。     

Pt—Rh合金电极上氢的吸附过程的研究

采用快速阴极动电位扫描方法对Ｐｔ－Ｒｈ合金电极上氢的吸附过程进行了研究。随着合金当中Ｒｈ含量的增加，氢的强键吸附峰值逐渐减少，在Ｗ（Ｒｈ）＝５０％－６０％合金 已表现为象肩膀一样的平台，而到百分之百的Ｒｈ时完全消失。     

Special IR properties of palladium nanoparticles and their aggregations in CO molecular probe infrared spectroscopy

Dispersed Pd nanoparticles (Pdn) have been synthesized by reducing H2PdCI4 with ethanol, and stabilized using poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP). The Pdn is applied to the glassy carbon substrate to form a thin film, and then the potential cyclic scanning at 50 mV.s^-1 from -0.25 to 1.25 V was carried out for about 30 min to form the aggregations of Pdn (Pdn^ag). FTIR spectroscopy of both transmission and reflection modes was employed to study CO adsorption on Pdn and Pdn^ag in both solidlliquid and solidlgas interfaces. It has been revealed that CO adsorption on Pdn film yields two IRbands near 1964 and 1906 cm-1, which are assigned to IR absorption of CO bonded on asymmetric and symmetric bridge sites, respectively. In contrast to the IR properties of CO adsorbed on Pdn, only species of CO bonded on asymmetric bridge sites was determined on Pdn^ag, and the direction of the IR band near 1963 cm^-1 is completely inverted. The full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the COB^as band near 1964 cm^-1 is measured to be 14 cm^-1 on Pdn film, while it is 24 cm^-1 on Pdn^ag film. The results of the present study demonstrated that the inverting of the IR band direction is a general phenomenon that is closely related to the interaction between nanoparticles in aggregation of Pdn.     

嵌段共聚水溶性高分子在空气/水界面吸附态的构象

对于用几种不同疏水／亲水单体比合成的聚(丙烯酸丁酯／丙烯酸)共聚物样品测定了其水溶液的表面张力,运用Gibbs吸附方程求得在样品溶液临界胶束浓度时样品在气／液界面的分子吸附面积,以此推测其吸附态构象。结果表明,亲水单体单元在共聚物中含量多时,样品分子趋于在水中溶解;疏水单体单元多时,样品分子趋于在表面吸附。其吸附态构象为分子链上相邻的数个丁酯侧基吸附于水面,形成“薄煎饼状”疏水微区。     

临氢条件下CO偶联合成草酸二乙酯反应的原位红外研究

利用原位红外光谱技术测定了临氢条件下CO和亚硝酸乙酯在催化剂上吸附的红外光谱,发现氢气会影响CO在催化剂活性中心上的吸附,且氢气与CO会发生甲烷化反应,氢气与亚硝酸乙酯反应生成乙醇和少量的乙腈,因此,CO催化偶联反应中加入氢气后,CO的转化率和草酸二乙酯选择性均降低。     

Adsorption and catalytic combustion of ARB on CuO-Fe<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>

CuO-Fe2O3 composite material with strong magnetism and a large surface area is prepared by the co-precipitate method. Its adsorption properties towards Acid Red B (ARB) and the regeneration by catalytic combastion of organic compounds have been studied. The results show that the prepared CuO-Fe2O3 composite is an excellent adsorbent for ARB adsorption at acid condition. The presence of Cl^- has no effect on ARB adsorption. But the SO4^2- can inhibit ARB adsorption. After being recovered by the magnetic separation method, the adsorbent can be regenerated by catalytic oxidation of absorbate at 300℃ in air atmosphere. The combustion reactions of ARB in the presence or absence of CuO-Fe2O3 are studied by in situ diffuse refieclion FTIR. The results indicate that, in the presence of CuO-Fe2O3, the degradation temperature is significantly lowered by the catalysis of CuO-Fe2O3, and ARB can be oxidized completely without volatile organic compound by-product; in comparison, in the absence of CuO-Fe2O3, the temperature needed for oxidation of ARB is higher and the reaction is incomplete with some N-containing harmful compounds produced. The reusability of CuO-Fe2O3 is also studied in successive seven adsorption-regeneration cycles.