Fe--36 Ni因瓦合金的热塑性

采用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机研究Fe-36Ni合金在900~1200℃的热塑性行为,并用FactSage软件、扫描电镜及透射电镜等研究该合金热塑性的影响因素及作用机理.结果表明：合金中主要形成Al2 O3+Ti3 O5+MnS复合夹杂,夹杂物颗粒尺寸集中分布在0.5μm以下.合金热塑性在900~1050℃受晶界滑移及动态再结晶共同影响.晶界上分布的纳米级别(<200 nm)夹杂物有效钉扎晶界,抑制动态再结晶发生的同时减小晶界结合力.微米级别(>200 nm)夹杂物则促进显微裂纹在晶界滑移过程中的形成和扩展,损害合金热塑性.当温度高于1050℃时,较高的变形温度使再结晶驱动力大于钉扎作用力,合金发生动态再结晶,有效提高热塑性.在1100~1200℃区间内,枝晶间裂纹的形成、晶界滑移的加剧及动态再结晶晶粒尺寸增大都降低合金热塑性.     

铁焦初始反应温度影响因素分析

通过在炼焦配煤中分别添加加拿大BLC、澳大利亚FMC和中国鄂西铁矿粉炼制铁焦,研究添加铁矿粉的种类及配比、入炉煤的性质和堆积密度等对铁焦初始反应温度的影响。结果表明,在配煤中添加10%铁矿粉所制铁焦的初始反应温度显著降低,其中添加鄂西铁矿粉所制铁焦的初始反应温度最低,比添加加拿大BLC铁矿粉所制铁焦的初始反应温度低54℃;铁焦的初始反应温度随铁矿粉中SiO2含量的增加而降低;随着炼焦配煤中添加铁矿粉比例的增加,铁焦的初始反应温度呈线性降低,当添加20%加拿大BLC铁矿粉时,铁焦的初始反应温度较未添加时低255℃;入炉煤的性质和堆积密度对铁焦初始反应温度的影响较小。     

Synthesis and application of bilayer-surfactant-enveloped Fe<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript> nanoparticles: water-based bilayer-surfactant-enveloped ferrofluids

Superparamagnetic carbon-coated Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles with high magnetization (85 emu·g-1) and high crystallinity were synthesized using polyethylene glycol-4000 (PEG (4000)) as a carbon source. Fe₃O₄ water-based bilayer-surfactant-enveloped ferrofluids were subsequently prepared using sodium oleate and PEG (4000) as dispersants. Analyses using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicate that the Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles with a bilayer surfactant coating retain the inverse spinel-type structure and are successfully coated with sodium oleate and PEG (4000). Transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, and particle-size analysis results indicate that the coated Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles also retain the good saturation magnetization of Fe₃O₄ (79.6 emu·g-1) and that the particle size of the bilayer-surfactant-enveloped Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles is 42.97 nm, which is substantially smaller than that of the unmodified Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (486.2 nm). UV–vis and zeta-potential analyses reveal that the ferrofluids does not agglomerate for 120 h at a concentration of 4 g·L-1, which indicates that the ferrofluids are highly stable.     

New insights into the effects of silicon content on the oxidation process in silicon-containing steels

Simultaneous thermal analysis (STA) was used to investigate the effects of silicon content on the oxidation kinetics of silicon- containing steels under an atmosphere and heating procedures similar to those used in industrial reheating furnaces for the production of hot-rolled strips. Our results show that when the heating temperature was greater than the melting point of Fe₂SiO₄, the oxidation rates of steels with different silicon contents were the same; the total mass gain decreased with increasing silicon content, whereas it increased with increasing oxygen content. The oxidation rates for steels with different silicon contents were constant with respect to time under isothermal conditions. In addition, the starting oxidation temperature, the intense oxidation temperature, and the finishing oxidation temperature increased with increasing silicon content; the intense oxidation temperature had no correlation with the melting of Fe₂SiO₄. Moreover, the silicon distributed in two forms: as Fe₂SiO₄ at the interface between the innermost layer of oxide scale and the iron matrix, and as particles containing silicon in grains and grain boundaries in the iron matrix.     

工艺参数对热压铁焦抗压强度的影响

热压铁焦是一种新型含碳复合炉料,高炉使用铁焦有助于降低热空区温度、减少CO_2排放.研究了工艺参数对热压铁焦抗压强度的影响,并分析其作用机理.研究结果表明,在一定范围内,铁焦抗压强度随着铁矿粉配比增加先增加后降低,在矿粉配比15%时取得较大值3 490.89 N;随着烟煤配比的增加而提高;随着热压温度的提高而提高,在热压温度350℃时取得较大值4 305.50 N;随着炭化温度的提高先降低后提高;随着炭化时间的增加先提高后降低,在炭化时间4 h时取得较大值3 518.80 N.从抗压强度角度考虑,热压铁焦合适的制备工艺参数为10%~15%铁矿粉,60%~70%烟煤,热压温度300~350℃,炭化温度1 000~1 100℃,炭化时间2~4 h.     

基于动态设计方法的钢铁企业煤气柜柜容研究

针对钢铁企业煤气柜的容积设计问题,提出在锅炉燃料负荷调节周期配合条件下,使用动态方法进行设计的方案.通过建立相关的数学模型,使该方法得到了很好的应用.实例计算结果显示,应用该方法所确定的煤气柜容积在稳定煤气系统生产的基础上,可以使煤气柜的设计容积大为降低.运行结果优于目前钢铁企业煤气柜的静态设计方法和经验设计值.最后给出了对应不同的锅炉燃料负荷调节周期,使用动态设计方法得到煤气柜容积最佳方案拟合曲线.解决了钢铁企业剩余煤气的合理分配,并为钢铁企业缓冲用户的优化设计提供了科学的指导方案.     

热浸铁水脱硫法

提出用装有喷吹剂和脱硫剂混合物的钢管插入铁水中，利用喷吹剂受热分解产生气体形成的压力将脱硫剂喷射到铁水中进行铁水炉外脱硫的一种新方法———热浸铁水脱硫法，并从理论上对该法进行了可行性分析．     

透明氧化铁颜料生成条件的研究

在分散剂和表面活性剂的存在下，以硫酸亚铁为原料，利用溶剂萃取法制备透明氧化铁颜料．论述了反应物质量、空气流量及通入方式、反应温度等对产品性能的影响．     

工业纯铁锻造过程中“红脆”现象的相图分析

通过相图分析可知,奥氏体中的硫的固溶度随着温度急剧降低。如果不采取有效的消除措施,在工业纯铁的锻造过程中,由于过量硫元素的存在,在一个特定温度范围内,纯铁处于固-液两相区。因此,会造成奥氏体晶界位置存在液态薄膜而降低晶粒之间的结合能力,出现所谓的＂红脆＂现象。有关分析,可以作为实践教学过程中有关相图的应用和重要性的一个生动事例。     

中强度HT20-40灰口铸铁的补焊工艺

采用灰口铸伯ＨＴ２０－４０的补焊工艺方法，可有效地防止裂纹的产生，使焊缝有一定的塑性和强度，并有较好的机加工性和抗裂性。