高炉炉缸凝铁层物相分析

在高炉炉缸破损调研的基础上对高炉炉缸耐火材料热面凝铁层进行取样,利用扫描电子显微镜、物相分析等分析手段揭示了凝铁层的物相组成,并运用Thermol-calc热力学计算软件结合TCFE8数据库对铁水中石墨碳的析出温度及析出相分数进行了计算,最后揭示了炉缸凝铁层物相的形成机理.结果表明,高炉炉缸凝铁层主要由Fe相和石墨碳相交替分布组成,铁水成分对石墨碳析出温度影响较大,石墨碳析出温度远高于铁水凝固温度,铁水中C、Si元素含量对石墨碳析出相分数影响较大,而石墨碳析出相可增大铁水黏度11.9%.凝铁层中石墨碳的析出主要是由于Fe-耐火材料界面温度低于石墨碳析出温度,使得铁水中C不断向耐火材料热面迁移,进而形成Fe-C交替的分层结构.     

Effects of doping FeCl3 on hydrogen storage properties of Li-N-H system

The effects of doping FeCl_3 on the LiNH_2-2LiH system were investigated systematically. FeCl_3 was prior to react with LiH during ball milling their mixtures. The metallic Fe, which is generated from metathesis reaction between FeCl_3 and LiH, plays an important role on improving the dehydrogenation kinetics of LiNH_2-2LiH system. The results indicated that the dehydrogenation peak and ending temperatures of the doped 1 mol%FeCl_3 sample shifted to low temperatures, and the dehydrogenation active energy changed from 102.45 k J/mol to 87.52 k J/mol. While increasing the amount of FeCl_3, an excess of LiCl, the by-product of metathesis reaction between FeCl_3 and Li H, can stabilize LiNH_2 and thus hinder hydrogen desorption. The dehydrogenation product is a new solid cubic phase solution of lithium imide-chloride. The high limit of the solid solution of LiCl and Li_2NH is near the molar ratio of 1:1.     

高磷赤铁矿制备碳化铁的产物分离试验研究

利用高磷鲕状赤铁矿制备碳化铁,产物中含磷组分是影响碳化铁质量的关键因素。为了探究分离方式和添加剂对产物中含磷组分分离的影响,在1023K下分别用无添加、添加2%V2O5和添加5%Na2SO4的高磷鲕状赤铁矿制备碳化铁,将制得的产物球磨不同时间后采用磁选或离心+磁选的方式进行产物分离,最后分析产物中含磷组分的变化。结果表明,延长球磨时间可以提高产物的脱磷率,但球磨时间过长会降低产物的铁收得率,以球磨2h为宜;无添加剂时制备所得碳化铁试样球磨时间从1h延长至2h后,脱磷率从18.17%升至18.48%,再增加离心分离操作后,会进一步提升产物的脱磷率至23.04%;添加5%Na_2SO_4和2%V_2O_5均可破坏铁矿石的鲕状结构,有利于含Fe组分与脉石的分离,但添加Na_2SO_4会降低产物的碳化铁含量,而V_2O_5的添加则可同时促进碳化铁的生成以及提高产物的脱磷率,是一种较好的添加剂。     

Novel concept of recycling sludge and dust to BOF converter through dispersedin-situ phase induced by composite ball explosive reaction

Recycling of iron and steelmaking dusts is a key issue in environmental protection efforts and to ensure efficient utilization. In this investigation, we developed a novel recovery process that uses a dispersedin-situ phase induced by an explosive reaction of composite balls of iron and steelmaking dusts. We designed and prepared composite balls for this function using a laboratory model batch-type balling disc (at 12 r/min) and optimized the feeding modes in 180-t and 260-t basic oxygen furnace (BOF) converters. The results indicate that feeding composite balls into BOF converters is an effective novel technology for recovering iron and steelmaking dusts. The period after hot metal charging and prior to the oxygen-blowing process is the most reasonable time to feed composite balls. Composite ball treatment is not appro-priate for steel production with sulfur requirements lower than 80 ppm. The maximum composite ball feeding amount is 40 kg/t and the iron yield rate is better than 95%. Compared with the conventional recycling process of sludge and dust, this novel technology is more convenient and efficient, saving up to 309 RMB per ton of steel. Further investigation of this novel recycling technology is merited.     

Recovery of iron from copper tailings via low-temperature direct reduction and magnetic separation: process optimization and mineralogical study

Currently, the majority of copper tailings are not effectively developed. Worldwide, large amounts of copper tailings generated from copper production are continuously dumped, posing a potential environmental threat. Herein, the recovery of iron from copper tailings via low-temperature direct reduction and magnetic separation was conducted; process optimization was carried out, and the corresponding mineralogy was investigated. The reduction time, reduction temperature, reducing agent (coal), calcium chloride additive, grinding time, and magnetic field intensity were examined for process optimization. Mineralogical analyses of the sample, reduced pellets, and magnetic concentrate under various conditions were performed by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry to elucidate the iron reduction and growth mechanisms. The results indicated that the optimum parameters of iron recovery include a reduction temperature of 1150℃, a reduction time of 120 min, a coal dosage of 25%, a calcium chloride dosage of 2.5%, a magnetic field intensity of 100 mT, and a grinding time of 1 min. Under these conditions, the iron grade in the magnetic concentrate was greater than 90%, with an iron recovery ratio greater than 95%.     

工业纯铁电解制备高纯铁

以工业纯铁为原料,运用正交设计对电解制备高纯铁的影响因素进行研究,以电沉积速率、电流效率、电解铁纯度及外观为指标,确定各因素的显著性及最佳组合方案。用ICP-AES、扫描电镜(SEM)对电解铁纯度及其主要杂质元素进行分析,通过退火还原对杂质氧进行分析提纯,并采用NaoH溶液浸出电解铁片,测量浸出液中SO_4~(2-)浓度。结果表明:溶液Fe~(2+)浓度50g/L,pH值为4,电解温度25℃,电流密度100A/m~2,是电解制纯铁实验的最佳因素组合。在该工艺参数下,电沉积速率为0.549g/h,电流效率达到89.2%,电解铁纯度达到99.98%以上;电解铁退火还原后氧元素含量大大减少,浸出液中硫酸根的量大约为30mg/L,且结合实际电解条件可知,氧和硫的主要存在形式为铁的氧化物和硫酸亚铁。     

Effect of magnesia on the compressive strength of pellets

The compressive strength of MgO-fluxed pellets was investigated before and after they were reduced. The porosity and pore size of green pellets, product pellets, and reduced pellets were analyzed to clarify how MgO affects the strength of the pellets. Experimental results show that when the MgO-bearing flux content in the pellets increases from 0.0wt% to 2.0wt%, the compressive strength of the pellets at ambient temperature decreases, but the compressive strength of the pellets after reduction increases. Therefore, the compressive strength of the pellets after reduction exhibits no certain positive correlation with that before reduction. The porosity and pore size of all the pellets (with different MgO contents) increase when the pellets are reduced. However, the increase in porosity of the MgO-fluxed pellets is relatively smaller than that of the traditional non-MgO-fluxed pellets, and the pore size range of the MgO-fluxed pellets is relatively narrower. The reduction swelling index (RSI) is a key factor for governing the compressive strength of the reduced pellets. An approximately reversed linear relation can be concluded that the lower the RSI, the greater the compressive strength of the reduced pellets is.     

Effect of scanning speed during PTA remelting treatment on the microstructure and wear resistance of nodular cast iron

The surface of nodular cast iron (NCI) with a ferrite substrate was rapidly remelted and solidified by plasma transferred arc (PTA) to induce a chilled structure with high hardness and favorable wear resistance. The effect of scanning speed on the microstructure, microhardness distribution, and wear properties of PTA-remelted specimens was systematically investigated. Microstructural characterization indicated that the PTA remelting treatment could dissolve most graphite nodules and that the crystallized primary austenite dendrites were transformed into cementite, martensite, an interdendritic network of ledeburite eutectic, and certain residual austenite during rapid solidification. The dimensions of the remelted zone and its dendrites increase with decreased scanning speed. The microhardness of the remelted zone varied in the range of 650 HV_0.2 to 820 HV_0.2, which is approximately 2.3–3.1 times higher than the hardness of the substrate. The wear resistance of NCI was also significantly improved after the PTA remelting treatment.     

基于均匀设计制备铁尾矿高强结构材料

 铁尾矿高强结构材料中,胶凝材料通常采用梯级粉磨的方式进行制备。为了优化梯级粉磨方案,通过均匀设计方法研究了梯级粉磨中各阶段粉磨效果对材料力学性能的影响。利用SPSS 软件中逐步回归分析方法建立了以强度为目标函数的回归方程,用Matlab 软件中的优化技术求出了铁尾矿制备高强结构材料的优化粉磨方案。结果表明：将梯级粉磨各阶段粉磨时间确定为21、67 和57 min,比表面积分别达到285、485 和550 m²/kg,制备出的高强结构材料测得抗压强度可达75.28 MPa。优化梯级粉磨方案的过程说明胶凝材料的制备过程中“微磨球效应”发挥了积极的作用。     

铁离子对于UV/PMS除污染效果的强化(英文)

以苯甲酸(BA)为目标物,研究了几种变价过渡金属离子对于UV/PMS去除污染物效果的影响。实验结果表明,Co2+和Mn2+对于BA的去除没有影响;而Fe2+和Fe3+明显地强化了BA的去除。UV/PMS/Fe3+体系中BA降解的假一级速率常数大于相同条件下UV/PMS、UV/Fe3+、Fe3+/PMS三种体系中BA降解的假一级速率常数之和,说明UV/PMS和Fe3+之间存在协同作用。此外,Fe2+强化UV/PMS去除BA的效果好于Fe3+,这是由于Fe2+能够迅速还原PMS产生自由基,同时生成Fe3+。最后,研究了铁离子的两种不同类型络合剂磷酸盐和草酸对UV/PMS/Fe3+去除BA的影响。磷酸盐和草酸均抑制了铁离子对BA去除的强化作用。但是,在草酸存在的条件下,UV/PMS/Fe3+对于BA的去除效果仍好于UV/PMS。因此,在实际应用中,UV/PMS与铁离子的组合可能会提高其对污染物的去除效果。