关于任意方向多普勒效应的研究

多普勒效应是声波传播过程中一个重要的现象．对此类问题的研究一般仅限于声源和观测者在同一直线上运动的情形．本文利用3种不同的方法，对任意方向的多普勒效应作一探讨，方法简单，便于理解，根据由此得出的结论分别讨论．还可得出各种情形下与同一直线上多普勒效应相一致的结果和公式．     

原子吸收分光光度法测定草珊瑚中微量铁的含量

目的 以原子吸收分光光度法为基础建立测定草珊瑚中微量铁的新方法.方法 用浓度为3.0 μg/mL的铁测试液于2%HCl溶液的体系中,研究吸收波长、燃烧器高度、灯电流(ILamp)大小、狭缝宽度(d)、空气和乙炔的流量比对测试结果的影响.最佳的测试条件为:吸收波长为248.3 nm,燃烧器高度为6.0 mm,ILamp为2.0 mA,狭缝宽度为0.1 nm,乙炔、空气流量比为1.7/6.2.结果 在最佳实验条件下,铁含量在0.0～5.0μg/mL范围内与吸光度A之间呈线性关系,即A=0.078ρFe+0.008,其中ρFe为铁标准溶液浓度(μg/mL),此方程线性相关系数r=0.999 0,所建立方法的相对标准偏差为0.09%～1.15%,相对误差小于1.5%.结论 此测定方法简便,结果准确、可靠,可用于其它中草药中微量铁元素的测定.     

等离子体反应溅射淀积氧化铁膜及其气敏特性

本文介绍直接用Ｆｅ作靶材料，空气中的氧作反应气体，利用等离子体反应溅射淀积出氧 化铁簿膜．同时在Ｆｅ靶上挂所需掺杂元素的金属丝．可方便地实现掺杂．气敏检测结果表明，这 是一种酒敏材料．借助于ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ的分析和观察表明．在７５０℃左右热处理之前，簿膜是一种 非晶氧化铁结构．它与烧结型γ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３或α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３的结构不同，具有对乙醇的独特选择性．     

近简并二能级系统的几何位相

在有能量简并或接近简并的情况下,一个绝热演化系统的现有的量子绝热条件并不适用。本文重新推导了二能级系统的绝热演化,得到了包含近简并情况的几何相位的普遍结果。然后以一个实际的二能级系统石墨烯为例,本文通过数值计算得到了石墨烯在不同波矢位置的几何相位。数值结果表明,在能级近简并（包括简并）处,系统经过周期性绝热演化后,波函数只存在一个常规的动力学相位,不存在几何相位。离开简并位置,系统逐渐积累几何位相,最后才收敛到传统的Berry位相。     

Effects of Carbon Content and Solidification Rate on the Thermal Conductivity of Grey Cast Iron

The thermal conductivity/diffusivity of pearlitic grey irons with various carbon contents was investigated by the laser flash method. The materials were cast in controlled thermal environments producing three dissimilar cooling rates. The cooling rates together with the carbon content largely influence the thermal conductivity of grey iron. Linear relationships exist between the thermal conductivity and the carbon content, the carbon equivalent, and the fraction of the former primary solidified austenite transformed into pearlite. The results show that the optimal thermal transport properties are obtained at medium cooling rates. Equations are given for the thermal conductivity of pearlite, solidified as pre-eutectic austenite, and the eutectic of grey iron. The thermal conductivity of pearlitic grey iron is modelled at both room temperature and elevated temperatures with good accuracy.     

Optimization of the Chemical Composition of Cast Iron Used for Casting Ball Bearing Grinding Disks

The chemical composition of cast iron used for casting ball bearing machining disks was varied to optimize the properties such as castability, hardenability, and durability in ball machining. The cast iron characteristics were most strongly dependent on the Ni content and the carbon saturation degree, So. This paper describes the types of test specimens, the working conditions, and the experimental results. The increase of the degree of carbon saturation reduces the tendency to form shrinkholes in the castings. The decrease in the Ni content negatively affects the final hardening treatment. A way to control solidification defects in cast iron, by reducing the Ni content, has been verified on cast disks.     

Effect of Slope Plate Variable and Reheating on the Semi-Solid Structure of Ductile Cast Iron

Semi-solid metal casting and forming is a promising production method for a wide range of metal alloys, In spite of many applications for semi-solid processed light alloys, few works have reported on the semi-solid processing of iron and steel. In this research, an inclined plate was used to change the dendritic structure of iron to globular. The effects of the length and slope of the plate on the casting structure were examined. The results show that the process effectively changes the dendritic structure to globular. A sloped plate angle of 7.5° and length of 560 mm with a cooling rate of 67 K· s^-1 gave the optimum graphite nodu- larity and solid particle globularity. The results also show that the sloped plate more easily prevents inoculant fading since the total time processing is rather short. In addition the semi-solid ductile cast iron prepared using the inclined plate method was reheated to examine the effect of reheating conditions on the microstructure and coarsening kinetics of the alloy. The solid fractions at different reheating temperatures and holding times were used to find the optimum reheating temperature range.     

Characterization of Titanium-Containing Compounds in Gray Iron

Titanium produces different compounds in gray iron. In order to determine their characteristics, a scanning electron microscope, an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and an optical microscopy were used to analyze the morphology, distribution, and composition of titanium-containing compounds in metal- Iographic specimens and machined surfaces in four gray irons. The results show that the titanium-containing compounds in the gray irons are complex compounds containing V, Nb, Mn, S, and other metals, depending on the concentration of these elements in the iron. The number of titanium-containing compounds increases with increasing Ti content in the gray iron. Most of the titanium-containing compounds are located in the pearlite matrix, with some in the steadite and carbides. The results suggest that titanium-containing compounds reduce tool lifetime.     

硫丹在棉花及土壤中的残留动态研究

测定了硫丹在棉花和土壤中的残留动态,应用气相色谱法和弗罗里硅土固相萃取柱净化样品测定了硫丹在棉叶、棉籽和土壤中的残留量。结果表明,硫丹在棉叶和土壤中的半衰期分别是5.92d和19.92d,在棉籽中未检出硫丹。     

高温高压下异丙醇-水汽液平衡的计算

为提高高温高压条件下异丙醇-水汽液平衡计算精度,汽相采用PRSV方程,液相采用NRTL方程,对方程参数进行拟合.经数据拟合得到异丙醇和水PRSV方程的特性Kappa值为0.238和-0.064 1,二元相互作用参数k12和k21分别为-0.072 4和-0.151 8.以Kelvin为单位时,5参数NRTL方程参数A12、B12、A21、B21和α分别为-1.6664、800.692、1.052 43、515.751和0.511 9.按以上方程及参数,可以准确计算常压到2.0 MPa或82℃到200℃异丙醇.水体系相平衡.