K2NaH[Cr3O(OOCCH3)6(H2O)3][α-CoW12O40]·10H2O离子晶体的合成与晶体结构

合成了K2NaH[Cr3O(OOCCH3)6(H2O)3][α-CoW12O40].10H2O离子晶体,并用X射线单晶衍射、元素分析、红外光谱和固体漫反射电子光谱对晶体的结构进行了表征.该晶体属于单斜晶系;C2/c空间群,a=4.190 5(8)nm,b=1.615 8(3)nm,c=2.983 4(6)nm,β=123.67(3)°,V=16.812(6)nm3,Z=14,F(000)=13 200,R1=0.076 3,wR2=0.142 7.在该晶体的结构中,带相反电荷的多阴离子簇和大阳离子簇在空间交替排列,通过离子键及抗衡阳离子K 和Na 的弱配位键连接形成了具有一维孔洞的三维开放式结构,孔洞尺寸为1.31 nm×1.09 nm.     

强电解质浓溶液活度系数的半经验公式

本文根据Pitzer电解质溶液理论,提出计算强电解质浓溶液活度系数的半经验计算公式(25℃,水溶液): 由文献的实验数据求出了一系列电解质的A_1、B_1、A_2、B_2,C_2等参数值。算得的活度系数值与实验值符合得较好。     

某工程基础处理及探讨

主要介绍了某学校综合楼与紧邻建筑相接时地基的处理方法。     

离子大小匹配及其应用

本文探讨了1：1型离子晶体的热稳定性和在水中的溶解度与明、阳离子的相对大小的关系，一般说来，若阴、阳高子大小匹配则所形成的化合物热稳定性高，溶解度小．若明、阳离子大小不相匹配则所形成的化合物热稳定性差，易溶于水．     

三元离子缔合物浮选-原子吸收法的研究 金属离子·SCN~-·RB体系

本文研究了一种高灵敏度高选择性连续测定ppb级Au、Ag、Cu、Fe、Bi的新分析方法,在pH0.5—1.5范围内金属离子与KSCN及RB形成三元离子缔合物,用甲苯进行萃取浮选,用DMF溶解并用火焰原子吸收法测定.本文详细研究了其浮选条件、浮选行为及分析特性.富集倍数高达200倍.已用于环境监测和化探样品的测定.     

Brij 97/H2O/离子液体体系层状液晶的研究

利用小角X射线散射和小幅振荡实验研究了Brij97/H2O/bmim-BF4和Brij97/H2O/bmim-PF6体系层状液晶的微观结构和动态流变性质。结果表明两层状液晶体系分别表现gel-like和fluid-like的动态流变行为,而且bmim-PF6和bmim-BF4增溶在液晶结构的不同位置。     

A novel pattern of fast calcium oscillations points to calcium and electrical activity cross-talk in rat chromaffin cells

Slow oscillations of cytosolic calcium ion concentration – – typically originate from release by intracellular stores, but in some cell types can be triggered and sustained by Ca²⁺ influx as well. In this study we simultaneously monitored changes in and in the electrical activity of the cell membrane by combining indo-1 and patch-clamp measurements in single rat chromaffin cells. By this approach we observed a novel type of spontaneous oscillations, much faster than those previously described in these cells. These oscillations are triggered and sustained by complex electrical activity (slow action potentials and spike bursts), require Ca²⁺ influx and do not involve release from intracellular stores. The possible physiological implications of this new pathway of intracellular signalling are discussed.Received 30 July 2004; received after revision 14 October 2004; accepted 1 November 2004     

基于1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑十二烷基硫酸盐为活性物质的PVC膜电极的性能及其应用

以离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐（BmimPF6）为活性物质制得离子选择性电极,该电极对离子液体BmimCl有较好的电位响应,线性响应浓度范围为1×10^-5mol/L～1×10^-2mol/L.用十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）与BmimPF6进行阴离子交换制得的1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑十二烷基硫酸盐（BmimDS）作为活性物质,能降低电极的检测下限,线性响应浓度范围拓展为1×10^-6～1×10^-2mol/L.该电极显示出良好的稳定性和重现性.此外,该电极可作为电位滴定法的指示电极用于对四丁基氯化铵（TBACl）、十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）的滴定分析.     

Pulse radiolysis studies of functionally substituted imidazolium-based ionic liquids

The reactions of imidazolium-based ionic liquids having different substituent groups on the ring with hydrated electrons (eaq-),hydroxyl radicals (·OH),and sulfate anion radicals (SO4·-) were investigated using nanosecond pulse radiolysis techniques.The spectra of these ionic liquids on reaction with eaq-all exhibited a similar peak at about 320 nm,and a typical peak for eaq-in aqueous ionic liquid solutions.The reaction rate constants for 1,3-disubstituted imidazolium-based ionic liquid hexafluorophosphates (BMIPF 6) with eaq-were deduced to be 10 10 L mol-1s-1,however the values were lower for trisubstituted ionic liquids.For example,the rate constant for 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMMIBF 4) was 5.5×10 9 L mol-1s-1.Imidazolium-based ionic liquids reacted with hydroxyl radicals via adducts to produce a mixture of isomeric OH adducts,and the pk a value of the OH adducts was deduced to be 8.4±0.4 for 1-butyl-3-methylimdazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIBF 4).Moreover,imidazolium cations were also oxidized by SO4·-to produce bivalent cation radicals,which exhibit a peak at 320 nm,and these rate constants are of the same order of magnitude,i.e.,10 9 L mol-1s-1,except that for 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimdazolium tetrafluoroborate with SO4·-(k=2.8×10 8 L mol-1 s-1).Theoretical calculations were carried out to estimate the structures of the products of reduction by eaq- and the results were related to the experimental data.     

Determination of trace heavy metals in milk using an ionic liquid and bismuth oxide nanoparticles modified carbon paste electrode

A novel carbon composite electrode modified with bismuth oxide nanoparticles and the ionic liquid n-octylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate was fabricated and used to simultaneously determine cadmium and lead levels using square wave anodic stripping voltammetry.This electrode combines the unique advantages of nanomaterials and ionic liquid with the low cost and easy fabrication of the carbon composite electrode.Compared with the traditional binder based composite electrode,our electrode exhibited well-defined and separate stripping voltammetric peaks for cadmium and lead.Furthermore,the antifouling capacity of the bismuth film electrode was significantly improved by the ionic liquid.Under optimized conditions,the linear range of the composite electrode was from 3.0 to 30.0 μg L-1 for both metal ions with a detection limit of 0.15 μg L-1 for cadmium and 0.21 μg L-1 for lead.Trial milk sample analyses showed that the modified electrode was sensitive,reliable and effective for the determination of trace heavy metals,holding great promise for routine analysis applications.