碱土金属化合物晶格能计算的新方法——离子贡献法

本文提出了一种计算碱土金属化合物品格能的新方法——离子贡献法。该方法只需本文提供的离子贡献值即可计算得到晶格能,而不需要任何实验数据。对碱土金属氧化物、卤化物、氢化物、氢氧化物、硫酸盐、碳酸盐、磷酸盐等十九类75种化合物的计算结果表明,计算值与实验值之间的一致性令人满意,计算结果的平均相对误差仅0.79%,小于目前已有的所有方法的计算误差。     

The performance of non‐linear exchange rate models: a forecasting comparison

In recent years there has been a considerable development in modelling non‐linearities and asymmetries in economic and financial variables. The aim of the current paper is to compare the forecasting performance of different models for the returns of three of the most traded exchange rates in terms of the US dollar, namely the French franc (FF/$), the German mark (DM/$) and the Japanese yen (Y/$). The relative performance of non‐linear models of the SETAR, STAR and GARCH types is contrasted with their linear counterparts. The results show that if attention is restricted to mean square forecast errors, the performance of the models, when distinguishable, tends to favour the linear models. The forecast performance of the models is evaluated also conditional on the regime at the forecast origin and on density forecasts. This analysis produces more evidence of forecasting gains from non‐linear models. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

离子选择电极法测定牙膏中的含氟量

采用氟离子选择电极法测定氟含量，具有简便、快速、灵敏、选择性好等优点，最低检出浓度为0.05mg／L，适用浓度范围宽，在测定牙膏含氟量中取得良好效果。     

膜结构裁剪及展开的修正二次测地线法

对膜结构裁剪分析中目前应用较广的裁剪线的生成方法进行了比较研究，提出修正二次测地线法。确定了采用测地线作为裁剪线及展开图形的基准线。之后对已有图形展开方法——二次测地线法做了适当改进，提出修正二次测地线法。     

提高石油化工企业原料利用率的技术研究

坚持眼睛向内,挖潜增效,这是当前原油变重、供应量不足,生产资料涨价的客观形势下走出困境、提高企业效益的主要途径之一,本文从拓宽催化回炼油的利用途径,催化和加氢裂化互换循环油加工,优化重油原料的安排,提高轻油头的化肥效益,挤出烷基化原料,开发异丁烷的化工用途及油化结合等方面,分析通过厂际装置间的原料互供、生产优化来挖掘企业内涵,提高经济效益.     

侧析我国的学术环境——对诺贝尔奖困惑的反思

诺贝尔自然科学奖是比较公正的,但政治对科学发展的影响又是现实的。我国之所以未曾问津诺贝尔自然科学奖,在很大程度上是由于政治环境影响了基础研究的学术自由和学术交流。     

也谈“用惠斯通电桥测电阻”实验

本文主要对杨介信、陈国英编写《普通物理实验(二、电磁学部分)》“用惠斯通电桥测电阻”实验中δR_(x0)=(R_4/R_3)δR_2的含意等五个问题,提出自己的不同看法。     

Changes in erythrocyte membrane lipid composition affect the transient decrease in membrane order which accompanies insulin receptor down-regulation

We have recently demonstrated, using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, that insulin receptor internalization in response to insulin incubation (down-regulation) in human erythrocytes is accompanied by a transient decrease in membrane order, as measured by the 2T order parameter. Since membrane lipids play such an important role in receptor internalization, we investigated the possible effects that an alteration of the normally-occurring lipid profile might have on down-regulation and the concomitant transient decrease in membrane order. Consequently, human erythrocytes enriched with cholesterol and erythrocytes from cirrhotic patients were examined, because both of these groups of cells have a higher cholesterol/phospholipid molar ratio (CH/PL) than controls. The 5-nitroxystearate spin label, which inserts into the lipid bilayer of cell membranes, was used to monitor changes in 2T for a 3-h period at 37°C. We report here that both cholesterol-enriched and cirrhotic erythrocytes do not down-regulate, as demonstrated by binding assays, and that they do not show the typical transient decrease in membrane order observed in controls. The results seem to indicate that a more ordered membrane inhibits internalization of the insulin receptor in erythrocytes, and that an increase in membrane disorder is necessary for insulin receptor down-regulation.     

震区中小跨径桥梁墩柱配筋率取值范围

为研究配筋率对钢筋混凝土桥梁延性抗震性能的影响,并在不同设防烈度对主筋配筋率的合理取值进行细分。以钢筋混凝土桥梁为研究对象,通过拟静力模型试验与有限元数值分析的方法,研究竖向钢筋(主筋)配筋率对桥墩延性的影响,提出典型桥墩的多级性能水平量化指标;并探究在氯离子侵蚀的恶劣环境下,不同配筋率对桥梁抗震性能所带来的影响,从而对氯离子侵蚀环境下的震区中小跨径桥梁墩柱配筋率取值范围提供参考建议。结果表明：考虑氯离子侵蚀作用下的恢复力模型能够较好地反映刚度的退化特性,墩柱的最佳配筋率取值范围为1.11%～2.72%;当加速度为0.3g(g为重力加速度)时,仅从配筋率的角度已无法满足墩柱的损伤指标,建议采用减隔震体系进行抗震设计,如采用延性体系时配筋率不得小于2.64%。研究结果可为中小跨径连续桥梁抗震设计提供参考。     

Non-host-selective fungal phytotoxins: Biochemical aspects of their mode of action

During the last decade increasing attention has been directed towards the biochemical mechanisms responsible for the biological activity of phytotoxins. Studies on the mode of action of some non-host-selective phytotoxins, some following on from previous observations, have demonstrated a very specific interaction with particular components of the cell machinery, and have suggested the possible use of these phytotoxins as tools for the investigation of important biochemical processes. This review article reports and discusses results of studies carried out in the 1980s with seven non-host-selective fungal toxins: brefeldin A, cercosporin,Cercospora beticola toxin, fusicoccin, ophiobolins, tentoxin, and zinniol. Each of these interferes with the life of the host by interacting with a different biochemical target.