仙人掌多糖的分离纯化研究进展

仙人掌多糖具有明显的抗衰老、消炎、抗癌和降血糖等作用.文章综述了仙人掌多糖的多种提取和纯化及纯度鉴定的方法,以期为仙人掌多糖的进一步研究开发提供参考.     

三种植物多糖抗氧化活性研究

以3种植物多糖对四氯化碳(CCl4)致小鼠肝脏脂质过氧化的阻抑率及对亚硝酸钠(NaNO2)的清除作用为指标进行体外实验观察,结果表明:(1)3种植物多糖对80%CCl4酒精溶液所诱导的脂质过氧化有明显的阻抑作用,以枸杞子多糖的阻抑率最高,金樱子次之.(2)在模拟胃液条件下,3种多糖对NaNO2也具有很强的清除作用,枸杞子多糖清除率最大,茶叶多糖次之.两种作用均有量效关系.     

怀地黄多糖的含量测定

采用苯酚 硫酸比色法对怀地黄的中性多糖进行含量测定 ,测定波长 483nm ,多糖换算因子f=2 .332 ,测得多糖含量为 6 .5 9%。     

Dynamics of proteins in Golgi membranes: comparisons between mammalian and plant cells highlighted by photobleaching techniques

In less than a decade the green fluorescent protein (GFP) has become one of the most popular tools for cell biologists for the study of dynamic processes in vivo. GFP has revolutionised the scientific approach for the study of vital organelles, such as the Golgi apparatus. As Golgi proteins can be tagged with GFP, in most cases without altering their targeting and function, it is a great substitute to conventional dyes used in the past to highlight this compartment. In this review, we cover the application of GFP and its spectral derivatives in the study of Golgi dynamics in mammalian and plant cells. In particular, we focus on the technique of selective photobleaching known as fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, which has successfully shed light on essential differences in the biology of the Golgi apparatus in mammalian and plant cells.     

Icariin suppresses bone resorption activity of rabbit osteoclasts in vitro

The effect of icariin on the bone resorption activity of rabbit osteoclasts is assessed in vitro. Osteoclasts were isolated from Japanese white rabbits and cultured on plates with a sterilized bone slice in each well. After treatment with icariin at various concentrations, the bone resorption activity of osteoclasts was evaluated by examining pit areas, superoxide anion (·O2-) generation, size and number of actin rings and intracellular calcium concentration [Ca2 ]i. As revealed by these data, icariin elicited continuous decline of [Ca2 ]i, making actin ring constricted and ·O2- generation decreased. These events resulted in smaller and fewer pits which indicate suppressed bone resorption activity of rabbit osteoclasts by icariin.     

Depolarization Induced by Substance P on Rat Stellate Ganglion Neurons

应用细胞内生物电记录技术，观察神经肽Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）对大鼠星状神经节细胞的影响。ＳＰ在１μｍｏｌ～１０μｍｏｌ或更高的浓度范围内，供试３５个细胞，有２８个细胞发生膜除极反应。用低钙（０．２５ｍｍ）或用含河豚毒素（ＴＴＸ，１μｍｏｌ）克氏液灌流神经节，不影响ＳＰ引起的除极反应的幅度和时程。ＳＰ引起除极反应的同时常伴有膜电阻增大。当膜电位增大时，除极化反应幅度变小，反转电位为－８０ｍＶ至－１００ｍＶ。研究表明，ＳＰ对部分星状神经节细胞具有兴奋作用，使通过这些细胞的信息传递增强；ＳＰ对细胞膜的除极作用是由于其引起细胞膜钾导降低所致。     

调中补益胶囊水溶性成分提取工艺的研究

采用单因素试验法和正交试验法,以总多糖含量为考核指标,优选调中补益胶囊复方药材的最佳提取工艺.结果表明:药材加10倍量水煎煮3次,每次1h为最佳水煎工艺,此工艺稳定可行,提取效果好,以分光光度法测定有效成分含量方便准确.     

Effect of Ab_(1-40) on membrane permeability and intracellular free Ca~(2+) of nerve cells

Alzheimers disease (AD) is a kind of progressive neurodegenerative disease, characterized by intracellularfibrillar tangles and extracellular senile plaques, the main component of the plaques are b-amyloid (Ab), composed of 3943 amino acids[1]. Glenner and Wong first isolated Ab peptide and determined the sequence in 1984, after-wards, a series of researches were done on its production, structure determination, aggregation, hydrophobicity, re-ceptor and cell toxicity. Ab is the abnormal fiss…     

基于视频特征聚合的细胞形变动态建模

提出了一种基于图像处理架构对活细胞视频中细胞动态进行建模的方法.在这个架构下,视频中两帧间的细胞动态被表示为细胞轮廓形变和细胞内部运动的动态特征.其中,前者细胞轮廓形变利用形状上下文进行度量,而后者细胞内部运动则通过尺度不变特征变换（SIFT）流进行建模.为了更好的刻画细胞质流动,基于SIFT流的细胞运动场进一步构建细胞外观变化场.在获得上述帧级细胞动态特征之后,引入时间序列建模的方法来生成视频级的细胞动态特征.具体地,基于紧凑编码的时序特征聚合方法可以捕获整个视频中的细胞动态演变过程.活细胞视频数据库被建立以用于验证提出方法的有效性,实验结果表明提出方法对于细胞形变动态度量和分类的性能优于其它主流方法.     

玛咖多糖的提取条件及体外活性研究

优化玛咖多糖的提取条件,并通过体外实验对其抗氧化活性和降血脂功效进行研究。采用超声波辅助热水浸提并结合响应面法对玛咖多糖提取条件进行优化,通过自由基清除率评价玛咖多糖的抗氧化活性,基于玛咖多糖与胆酸钠的结合能力评价其降血脂功效。在提取温度50℃,提取时间42min,超声功率220W,料液比(g/mL)1∶32的条件下,多糖提取率达到最高11.0%。将玛咖粗多糖通过离子交换柱分离得到3个多糖组分,分别为玛咖多糖1、玛咖多糖2和玛咖多糖3。其中玛咖粗多糖、玛咖多糖1和玛咖多糖2具有较强的抗氧化活性,对DPPH自由基的较佳清除率分别为83.9%、81.8%和63.7%,对羟基自由基的较佳清除率分别为73.3%、56.8%和76.7%。此外,玛咖多糖3在体外对牛磺胆酸钠和甘氨胆酸钠的结合率分别为49.1%和32.3%。研究表明,玛咖粗多糖、玛咖多糖1和玛咖多糖2具有较好的抗氧化活性,玛咖多糖3具有一定的降血脂功效。