Hydrogen Production with High Evolution Rate and High Yield by Immobilized Cells of Hydrogen-producing Bacteria Strain B49 in a Column Reactor

To improve the hydrogen evolution rate in continuous hydrogen production of a novel fermentative hydrogen-producing bacteria strain B49 (AF481148 in EMBL), 4 % immobilized cells by polyvinyl alcohol-boric acid method, with the addition of a small amount of calcium alginate in a column reactor obtain hydrogen yield of 2.31 mol H2/mol glucose and hydrogen evolution rate of 1435.4 ml/L culture*h respectively at medium retention time of 2.0 h with a medium containing 10g glucose/L. Moreover, as the cell density in gel beads is increased to 8%, hydrogen yield and hydrogen evolution rate for 10g glucose/L are 2.34 mol H2/mol glucose and 2912.4 ml/L culture*h respectively at medium retention time of 1.0 h, and for molasses wastewater COD of 7505.9 mg/L hydrogen production potential of 205.6 ml/g COD and hydrogen evolution rate of 2057.7 ml/L culture*h at hydraulic retention time of 0.75 h are observed. In the continuous culture pH value keeps around 3.9 by self-regulating.     

从大口黑鲈胃、肠道中分离的部分好氧菌的研究

从大口黑鲈（Microptens salmoides)胃、肠道中分离到24个好氧菌株。经过自动微生物鉴定系统（VITEK－AMS－60和VITEK－AMS－CC2）鉴定结果是：真菌只有1个菌株（茁芽毛孢酵母Tri-chosporon pullulans)；细菌有23个菌株，其中革兰氏阳性菌只有1个菌株（干燥棒状杆菌Corynebacterium xerosis)，1个非发酵性菌株（食酸假单胞菌Pseudomonas acidovorans)，其余21个菌株均是革兰氏阴性菌；革兰氏阴性菌中，支气管败血性鲍特氏菌（Bordetella bronchiseptica)5个，尿放线杆菌（Actinobacillus ureae)4个，粘黄杆菌（Flavobacterium gleum)4个，产吲哚黄杆菌（F.indologenes)3个，恶臭假单胞菌（P.putida)3个，泡囊假单胞菌（P.vesicularis)2个。24个菌株中5个水解淀粉，5个水解牛奶；在22种药物敏感试验中，恶臭假单胞菌肠14菌株和支气管败血性鲍特氏菌肠17菌株分别对17种药物有耐药性；24个菌株中，对氨苄青霉素、先锋V（头孢唑啉）、青霉素G不敏感的菌分别有23株、23株、22株。     

Evidence for the induction and release of pancreatic folylpolyglutamate hydrolase by the ingestion of folyl polyglutamates in the rat

Pteroyl polyglutamate hydrolase (folyl conjugase), which hydrolyses the dietary polyglutamyl folates into simple forms prior to absorption, has been shown to be induced in rat pancreas in response to dietary polyglutamyl folates but not by ingestion of synthetic unconjugated folates. Folate absorption, as measured by the rise in serum folate levels after ingestion, of dietary conjugated folates is impaired in pancreatectomised animals whereas absorption of synthetic simple folate is not. A severe build-up of folyl conjugase is observed in the lumen of control but not in pancreatectomised animals after dietary folate ingestion. These results taken together would suggest that dietary folates are hydrolysed to monoglutamyl forms suitable for absorption in the lumen; the hydrolysis is catalysed by a luminal folyl conjugase of pancreatic origin induced by dietary conjugated folates.     

采用生物统计法优化光合细菌产类胡萝卜素条件的研究

对一株类胡萝卜素含量较高的紫色非硫细菌红杆菌属的7—1菌株采用生物统计学上的正交实验法,分别进行四因子3水平和五因子4水平的正交实验,获得类胡萝卜素产量相对较高的培养条件,以乳酸钠为碳源,谷氨酸钠为氮源,酵母青为生长因子,5mg/L MgSO_4,2mg/L Fe_2(SO_4)_3,1500～2000lx光照度,28—30℃,微好氧培养48h。在此条件下,7—1菌株的类胡萝卜素产量由21.9mg/g_(干菌体)提局到54.7mmg/g_(干菌体)。     

Ecology and physiology of phototrophic bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria in marine salterns

Marine salterns are habitats for a large variety of halophilic bacteria. In the anoxic zones, halophilic sulfur bacteria develop mainly at the sediment surface, but only a few of them have so far been isolated from such environments. Among the phototrophic sulfur bacteria that sometimes form purple layers underneath the green cyanobacterial layers, members of the generaEctothiodhodospira, Chromatium (C. salexigens), Thiocapsa (T. halophila) were isolated. They grow by using sulfide as an electron donor. In the marine salterns, sulfide originates from active sulfate reduction. Among the halophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria, onlyDesulfovibrio halophilus andDesulfohalobium retbaense have so far been isolated. The ecology and physiology of both kinds of bacteria are discussed in this paper.     

光合细菌P—3作为几种浮游动物与鱼类饵料添加剂的试验

本试验系采用福州菜地沟泥分离和培养出来的光含细菌P-3菌液作为饵料添加剂,培养发头裸腹(?)和花箧臂尾轮虫均有增产效果;培养短盖巨脂鲤鱼苗、革胡子鲶鱼苗和饲养鹤顶红金鱼均提高成活率,同时,可减少水体的换水次数。试验表明,此细菌有开发和利用的价值。     

The functions of mucosal T cells in containing the indigenous commensal flora of the intestine

There is an immense load of non-pathogenic commensal bacteria in the distal small intestine and the colon of mammals. The physical barrier that prevents penetration (translocation) of these organisms into the body is a simple epithelium comprised of the single enterocyte/colonocyte cell layer with its overlying mucus. In this review, we discuss the roles of intestinal T cells in initiating and regulating innate and adaptive mucosal immune responses of the mucosal immune system that avoid or limit penetration of the commensal intestinal bacteria. Received 9 August 2002; accepted 9 September 2002 RID="*" ID="*"Corresponding author.     

普通级啮齿类实验动物部分细菌携带情况的初步调查

了解在实际生产中常用普通级啮齿类实验动物中清洁级规定排除的4种主要细菌(沙门菌、鼠棒状杆菌、嗜肺巴斯德杆菌、支气管败血性鲍特菌)的携带状况,以及验证筛选的实验动物细菌检测常用普通培养基和生化培养基的应用效果.方法无菌采集动物气管分泌物,接种血平皿;采集回盲部内容物接种DHL、SS琼脂平皿,37℃48h后挑取可疑菌落进行纯化,取纯培养物进行染色镜检、生化特性鉴定及血清学反应.结论KM小鼠嗜肺巴斯德杆菌阳性率最高,为60%;豚鼠携带支气管败血性鲍特菌,阳性率为30%;总的细菌检出率为20%(其中嗜肺巴斯德杆菌总阳性率为16.25%,支气管败血性鲍特菌总阳性率为3.75%);选出的培养基应用于实验检测中是可行的.     

乳酸菌发酵冬瓜汁饮料抗菌性的初步研究

研究乳酸菌发酵冬瓜汁饮料对食品中常见微生物,包括黑曲霉、青霉、酵母菌和金黄色葡萄球菌等的抑制作用。结果表明,乳酸菌发酵冬瓜汁饮料在高浓度时对几种微生物的抑菌作用明显,抑菌效果随作用时间增加,含有的抑菌物质具有较好的热稳定性。乳酸菌发酵冬瓜汁饮料是一种值得开发的新型抗菌保健饮料。     

EM菌剂在畜牧业中的应用(综述)

综述了ＥＭ （有效微生物群）对减少畜禽发病、提高生产性能和肉蛋品质、消除粪便恶臭等作用原理及其应用效果，并介绍了ＥＭ 的使用方法。