Two-and three-electrode impedance spectroscopic studies of graphite electrode in the first lithiation

The first lithiation of graphite electrode was investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） and scanning electron microscope （SEM） in a two-electrode button cell and a three-electrode glass cell. The results demonstrate that the study of the variation of EIS feature of the graphite electrode in the two-electrode button cell with electrode polarization potential decreasing in the first lithiation cannot be used to investigate the formation mechanism of the solid electrolyte interphase （SEI） film. However, the formation and growth process of the SEI film can be acquired by investigating the variation of EIS features of the graphite electrode in the three-electrode glass cell with the decrease of electrode polarization potential in the first lithiation. Moreover, the results also point out that the SEI film on graphite electrode is mainly formed between 1.0 and 0.6 V in the first lithiation.     

三维间隔纬编复合材料中连接纱的作用分析

为了探究三维间隔纬编织物中连接纱对其增强复合材料性能的影响,以玻璃纤维为原料,在自主开发的新型三维间隔纬编针织机上通过喂入与不喂入连接纱,制得有无连接纱的两种增强体,利用真空辅助转移模塑工艺VARTM(Vacuum Assistant Resin Transferring Molding)加工成复合材料.对这两种复合材料进行了三点弯曲和霍普金森(Hopkinson)压杆冲击测试.实验表明,连接纱明显地提高了复合材料的抗弯曲性能和抗冲击性能.     

三维双轴向间隔纬编织物力学性能研究

为了研究三维双轴向间隔纬编织物的力学性能,在华龙通用测试系统上对这种织物进行了拉伸、剥离和撕裂测试.测试结果表明,经纱、纬纱和连接纱密度在很大程度上影响着三维双轴向间隔织物的拉伸、剥离和撕裂性能.     

微机械振动陀螺隔离耦合的结构设计

微机械振动陀螺是新型的惯性元件,其误差源主要有微机械结构的Brownian噪声、电路噪声、机械耦合误差,以及电子机械耦合误差等,这些误差严重影响着陀螺仪的精度,由于制造误差等引起的机械耦合误差,可以通过改善陀螺仪的结构来减小耦合误差,文中从结构设计方面,提出单级隔离耦合和双级隔离耦合的结构方案,有效减小机械耦合误差,提高了精度。     

新型高功率因数三相AC—DC变换器的研究

提出一种新型高功率因数三相AC－DC变换器,由一个同步变压器（LIT）、两个三相二极管整流器、一个脉冲宽度调制（PWM）DC－DC变换器组成,输入变换器的交流电流频率固定且不连续,排除了三次、五次、七次谐波。通过LIT和平衡电抗器的电流是高频的,变压器可用小铁芯,分析了其电路拓扑结构、工作原理、并给出实验结果。     

Pressure Reduction of Spacer Fabrics

The properties of the warp knitted spacer fabrics for pressure reduction are experimentally investigated and compared to other materials.The influences of the different parameters, such as thickness, spacer yarn diameter and connecting form are also analyzed and discussed. The results have shown that the spacer fabrics have very good properties for pressure reduction when they are used as soles, mattress or cushions.     

Mechanism of intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions in graphene nanosheets

Graphene nanosheets (GNSs) were synthesized by reducing exfoliated graphite oxides. Their structure, surface morphology and lithium storage mechanism were characterized and investigated systematically using X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, charge-discharge tests, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. It was found that the GNSs, which were obtained via chemical synthesis, were primarily less than 10 graphene layers. The GNS electrodes, which were fabricated from the reduced GNSs, exhibited an enhanced reversible lithium storage capacity and good cyclic stability when serving as anodes in lithium-ion batteries. Also, the first-cycle irreversible capacities of the system were relatively high, because of the formation of a solid electrolyte interphase film on the surface of the GNS electrode and the spontaneous stacking of GNSs during the first lithiation. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results suggest that the solid electrolyte interphase film on the GNS electrode during first lithiation were primarily formed at potentials between 0.95 and 0.7 V. Also, the symmetry factor of the charge transfer was measured to be 0.446.     

含Nb-Ti低碳微合金钢纳米碳化物析出行为

采用热膨胀仪、显微硬度计和透射电镜研究了等温温度对Nb-Ti微合金钢组织性能及析出行为的影响规律.结果表明,在不同温度下等温淬火均得到铁素体与马氏体的双相组织,且随着等温温度的降低,铁素体的体积分数逐渐增大.实验钢中存在两种主要的析出形态,分别为相间析出和弥散析出,且随着等温温度的降低,析出形态逐渐从相间析出向弥散析出转变.通过HRTEM确定相间析出碳化物具有Na Cl型晶体结构,晶格常数为0.432 nm,且与铁素体基体满足Baker-Nutting(B-N)关系.铁素体相的维氏硬度随着等温温度的降低而逐渐增大.     

含酯基联接基的双子表面活性剂的合成及性能

合成了2种含酯基的双子季铵盐型表面活性剂N,N’—双十二烷基—N,N,N’,N’—四甲基—1,6己二酸—二乙醇胺酯—二溴化铵(DTAD)和N,N’—双十二烷基—N,N,N’,N’—四甲基—对苯二甲酸—二乙醇胺酯—二溴化铵(DTTD)。通过HNMR和元素分析表征了其结构和组成。测定了这2种表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度(cmc)、胶束解离度(α)、起泡性和稳泡性。实验结果表明:DTAD的cmcα大于DTTD,但起泡性和稳泡性较DTTD稍差。对比联接基的结构进行了初步探讨,发现联接基结构和长度对表面活性剂表面活性具有明显影响。     

相间合成绝缘间隔棒后屈曲性态研究

对相间合成绝缘间隔棒受压时稳定性问题进行了研究，确定了相间合成绝缘间隔棒临界载荷Ｐｃｒ的计算公式。并用初始后屈曲理论和试验证明了相间合成绝缘间隔棒在受压载荷Ｐ≥Ｐｃｒ时仍具有稳定的后屈曲性态。提出了相间合成绝缘间隔棒新的设计概念，完全改变了传统线性理论为基础的设计方法。并把新的设计概念应用到我国第一条２２０ｋＶ紧凑型线路安－廊线的相间合成绝缘间隔棒的设计，线路已经运行。设计的间隔棒具有重量轻，柔性好，价格低等优点。