Human and rodent type 1 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases are 7β-hydroxycholesterol dehydrogenases involved in oxysterol metabolism

Interconversion between cortisone and the glucocorticoid receptor ligand cortisol is carried out by 11-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11-HSD)isozymes and constitutes a medically important example of pre-receptor control of steroid hormones. The enzyme 11-HSD type 1 (11-HSD1) catalyzes the conversion of cortisone to its active receptor-binding derivative cortisol, whereas 11-HSD type 2 performs the reverse reaction. Specific inhibitors against the type 1 enzyme lower intracellular levels of glucocorticoid hormone, with an important clinical application in insulin resistance and other metabolic disorders. We report here on the in vitro oxysterol-metabolizing properties of human and rodent 11-HSD1. The enzyme, either as full-length, membrane-attached, or as a transmembrane domain-deleted, soluble form, mediates exclusively conversion between 7-ketocholesterol and 7-hydroxycholesterol with similar k_cat values as observed with glucocorticoid hormones. Thus, human, rat, and mouse 11-HSD1 have dual enzyme activities like the recently described 7-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/11-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from hamster liver, but differ fundamentally from the latter in that 7-OH rather than 7-OH dehydrogenase constitutes the second activity. These results demonstrate an enzymatic origin of species differences in 7-oxysterol metabolism, establish the origin of endogenous 7-OH cholesterol in humans, and point to a possible involvement of 11-HSD1 in atherosclerosis.Received 30 December 2003; received after revision 16 February 2004; accepted 16 February 2004     

Natural killer-like activity in human cultured lymphoid cells propagated in the presence of interleukin-2: acquired resistance to prostaglandin E2- or dexamethasone-mediated suppression

Summary The cytotoxic activity of human peripheral blood lymphocytes against the natural killer-sensitive target K562 was suppressed both by prostaglandin E₂ and dexamethasone. On the other hand, cultured lymphoid cells propagated in the presence of interleukin-2 showed strong cytotoxic reactivity against K562 targets, and were resistant to prostaglandin E₂- or dexamethasone-mediated suppression.     

人行自助交通信号系统硬件模型的设计与实现

针对行人过路不方便且造成交通堵塞这一问题,阐述了人行自助交通信号系统硬件模型的设计与实现。     

Analysis of intron sequence variability of the conservative HMG-box of Sox9 genes in allotetraploids and their original parents

The Sox genes of allotetraploids and their original maternal red crucian carp （Carassius caassius red var.） and original paternal common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) were detected by PCR with the designed primers based on the conserved HMG-box sequence in different species. Sequencing of Sox genes indicated that two Sox9 genes (Atsox9a and Atsox9b) existed in allotetraploids, while only one Sox9 gene existed in red crucian carp (Rcsox9a) and common carp (Ccsox9b). All of the four Sox9 genes contained an intron in the HMG-box, with the sizes of 413 bp, 703 bp, 401 bp and 714 bp, respectively. Moreover, the introns obeyed the rule of “GT-AG”. A high similarity was observed between introns of Atsox9a and Rcsox9a (94.4%), Atsox9b and Ccsox9b (97.8%). Interestingly, the deduced amino acid sequences of their corresponding exons all shared 100% identity. Thus, introns of the HMG-domain of Sox9s in allotetraploids and their original parents have not only the length polymorphism but also intron variability. Our results provide significant molecular evidence for the origin and evolution of allotetraploids.     

Mg4Nb2O9/Ag 共烧微波介质陶瓷性能研究

采用固相法,制备了Mg4Nb2O9微波介质陶瓷,研究了银粉与Mg4Nb2O9陶瓷粉体的化学兼容性和微波介电性能.通过X射线衍射谱(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等分析测试手段,对材料的晶相组成、显微结构进行了研究.采用V2O5、Li2CO3复合掺杂来降低Mg4Nb2O9陶瓷的烧结温度,以便能够与银粉匹配共烧.结果表明,1.5%V2O5和1.5%Li2CO3(VLi)共掺杂可使925℃烧结无第二相生成.该陶瓷良好的整体微波介电性能可用于微波材料.     

[Fe(CN)5NO]2-与S2-反应产物的稳定性及其性质分析

用紫外-可见分光光度计对Na2S与Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]反应得到的紫色混合水溶液的稳定性进行跟踪检测,结果表明此紫色化合物极不稳定.进一步用显微熔点测定仪、红外光谱等仪器对该紫色混合液的分解产物-黄色针状晶体进行了鉴定,最终确定该晶体为黄血盐Na4[Fe(CN)6].3H2O.这一研究对Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]鉴定S2-的实验现象有更进一步的解释.     

顺9地区特低渗油藏长位移水平井钻井技术

顺9地区志留系储层为低孔特低渗油藏,常规直井开采、水力压裂增产效果有限。为增加泄油面积,提高开采效率,在顺9地区部署长位移水平井进行开发,以提高单井产能。通过优化井眼轨迹剖面、井身结构及钻具组合,合理配置钻井液和钻井参数,应用新工艺新技术等措施,克服了井壁稳定性差、长位移水平段摩阻扭矩大、油基钻井液条件下固井质量差等一系列难题,为后期分段改造创造了有利条件。     

Sox9基因转染诱导L6大鼠成肌细胞向软骨细胞表型分化的研究

利用脂质体转染法,将真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1-Sox9导入L6胞中.通过细胞增殖检测、细胞形态学观察、标志基因表达分析和甲苯胺蓝染色等方法分析Sox9基因转染对L6细胞增殖和向成软骨方向分化的诱导作用.结果表明,Sox9基因转染对L6细胞的增殖能力没有影响,但能明显抑制L6细胞相互融合形成肌管.和对照相比,Sox9基因转染后,细胞成肌分化标志基因Myf5的表达受到明显抑制,而成软骨分化标志基因Ⅱ型胶原（type Ⅱ collagen ,Col2a1）和蛋白聚糖（Aggrecan,Agg）的表达显著