Retinal bipolar cells

Being the functional basis of neural networks, neuronal signal integration has been currently becoming a hot point of neuroscience research. Active and passive membrane properties of retinal bipolar cells, temporal and spatial distribution of synaptic inputs to these cells are described, and modulation of signal integration characteristics of these cells under different retinal adaptation states is analyzed. In consideration of the functional and morphological properties of retinal bipolar cells, it is suggested that they may be an appropriate model for the study of neuronal signal integration.     

Syntheses and lyotropic liquid crystal properties of a series of sandwich-type tungstoarsenates heteropoly compounds with As/W ratio of 4/30

A series of sandwich-type tungstoarsenates heteropoly compounds with As/W ratio of 4/30, Na16[As4W30M4(H2O)2O112]·XH2O (M = Zn,Cu,Co,Ni,Mn and Cd), have been synthesized for the first time and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 183W NMR spectra. The crystal structure of Na16[As4W30Cu4(H2O)2O112]·63H2O was determined to be a triclinic system, of P1 symmetry, a = 1.2721(3) nm, b = 2.451 6(5) nm, c = 2.6450(5) nm, α= 89.90(3)°,β= 77.32(3)°, γ= 89.96(3)°, 2=2. Using tetrahepty lammonium bromide as a phase transfer reagent, [As4W30Cu4(H2O)2O112]16- was transferred from aqueous solution to organic phase (benzene), and the heteropolyanion lost the coordination water molecules to form the coordination-unsaturated ion. After lactic acid was added to the benzene solution, the coordination-saturation was recovered. By esterification reaction between lactic acid and cholesterin, the latter was attached to the heteropolyanion indirectly. Therefore, a new type of lyotropic liquid crystal was obtained, which was characterized by a polarimicroscope, DSC and variable temperature wide-angle X-ray diffraction.     

从废液中回收银的研究

为了寻求从银废液中回收银的有效方法,对硫化钠从废定影液中回收银和用金属直接还原氯化银的实验方法进行了研究,得到优化的实验条件,并从电极电势的过程进行了理论探讨．结果表明,此二种方法在实际应用中有一定价值     

脉冲气体与液体在组合管路中运动特性的数值研究

根据推导出的脉冲气体与液体在管道－容器－管道组合管路中的运动特性方程组及其传递系数方程组,对组合管路中的脉冲气体和脉冲液体的运动特性进行了数值计算．计算与试验结果对比表明,二者基本吻合．     

用C18-RPLC柱及UV检测器分离和测定蜥蜴松果体中的褪黑激素

研究了褪黑激素和消炎痛在反相Ｃ１８柱上的色谱行为,流动相为甲醇－磷酸盐缓冲溶液体系,主要考察了ｐＨ值及洗脱液的组成对色谱保留的影响,对蜥蜴松果体中的褪黑色激素进行了完全分离和定量测定。     

离子型与非离子型混合表面活性剂体系溶致液晶相图及结构的研究

对离子型表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵与非离子表面活性剂聚氧乙烯油醇醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚混合体系溶致液晶的相图及层状液晶的结构进行了研究。结果表明,当非离子表面活性剂中极性基较小时,其相行为类似于脂肪醇,易和离子型表面活性剂共同形成层状液晶。当非离子型表面活性剂极性基较大时,与离子型表面活性剂易形成六角液晶。在混合体系中阴离子表面活性剂比阳离子表面活性剂与聚氧乙烯型非离子表面活性剂的相互作用更强一些,表现为相图中形成的液晶区域较大。当离子型表面活性剂确定时,与脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚复配比与烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚复配可形成液晶的范围更宽。     

湿法脱硫气水分离涡流管楔形出口气液流实验研究

在涡流管楔形出口处,因出口截面呈楔形收缩影响了气水两相流的流动状态．分析此处的流场,合理安排烟气流速,能够避免产生烟气带水现象．本实验模拟现场工况,得出烟气量、分离管几何尺寸等参数对气水分离效果影响的规律．     

非离子表面活性剂静吸附特性研究

针对S/P二元复合体系在油层岩石上的吸附问题,利用室内仪器等检测分析方法,对无碱二元复合体系在润湿和非润湿大庆油砂吸附后活性剂体系浓度、界面张力进行了测定评价.结果表明：二元体系表面活性剂在大庆油砂上的吸附等温线为“S”型,最大吸附量为2.43mg/g;更换油砂单次吸附时,吸附次数增加,界面张力增加,活性剂浓度降低;,二元体系经聚合物和污水浸泡的油砂第三次吸附时界面张力由10-3mN/m上升到10-1mN/m;多次吸附对二元体系界面张力的影响很小。随着吸附次数的增加,活性剂浓度逐渐降低。     

热障涂层热不匹配残余应力的分析研究

广泛应用于高温部件的热障涂层,在热载荷作用下各层间所集聚的残余应力是导致其层裂和失效的重要原因。针对热障涂层由于热不匹配产生的残余应力,建立了相应的平面应变模型,研究了温度与涂层厚度对界面残余应力和陶瓷层内最大残余应力分布的影响。结果表明,陶瓷层内的残余应力主要表现为横向压缩应力,且最大值位于距陶瓷层表面1/3厚度处;界面残余应力相对较小,但在自由边界处有应力集中现象;随着温度的升高应力值在增大,陶瓷层厚度增加会改变结构厚度方向上的应力分布,且厚度增加使陶瓷层内残余应力值和界面残余应力值减小。     

PEMFC输出功率的二自由度PID控制

为提高质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的输出性能,对于其输出功率的一阶滞后数学模型,进行二自由度PID控制方案设计.针对二自由度PID控制器参数整定过程中存在的不足,提出一种基于自适应遗传算法的二自由度PID控制器设计.仿真结果表明,经优化整定后的二自由度PID控制器,可使PEMFC的输出功率能较好地跟踪给定期望值的变化,同时也可更好地抑制外扰.