贵州省不同类型自然保护地空间分异及其影响因素

受自然与社会因素的影响,不同类型自然保护地的空间分异存在较大的差异.研究针对贵州省内的自然保护区、森林公园、湿地公园和风景名胜区等4类自然保护地,综合运用最邻近点指数、地理集中指数、核密度和地理探测器模型对其空间分异特征进行分析,并探讨其影响因素.结果表明：自然保护区与其余3种自然保护地在数量的空间分异特征上具有明显差异,但4种自然保护地在面积的空间分异特征上均表现出离散化分布的特征,具有较高的相似性.相同影响因素的解释力在不同类型的自然保护地上差异较大,在数量上主要影响因素呈现出趋异性,而面积上主要影响因素则呈现出趋同性.任意2个影响因素交互后其解释力均增强,交互的特征呈多维度复合影响的态势.不同类型自然保护地功能定位的差别是其主要影响因素呈现出趋异性和趋同性的主要原因.     

结构方程模型在兴安落叶松林生长中的应用

【目的】通过结构方程模型,确定气候、土壤和海拔对兴安落叶松林生长指标的影响以及路径关系。【方法】选取年平均气温、年平均降水量、太阳辐射、土壤全氮含量、土壤有机碳密度和海拔作为影响因素,探究兴安落叶松地上生物量、地下生物量、树高与这些影响因素的关系,并利用AMOS 21.0软件构建衡量兴安落叶松生长的3个指标与气候、土壤和海拔的结构方程模型。【结果】兴安落叶松的地上生物量、地下生物量随着海拔、年平均降水量的增大呈现先增大后减少的趋势,树高随着海拔的增加而增加。地上和地下生物量随着土壤有机碳密度的增加而增加。海拔对兴安落叶松生长的总效应系数为0.200且是正向效应,海拔对兴安落叶松生长的直接效应(0.224)大于间接效应(-0.024);气候因子对兴安落叶松林生长的总影响系数为-0.771且是负向效应;土壤因子对兴安落叶松生长的总影响系数为-0.216,其对兴安落叶松林生长起到一定的抑制作用。【结论】根据结构方程模型的路径系数,气候因子的总影响系数绝对值最大,其次是土壤和海拔,兴安落叶松林静态生长主要受到气候因子的制约。     

Sylvester矩阵方程的改进IO迭代算法

通过对Sylvester矩阵方程的理论分析,可知IO迭代算法中迭代矩阵的谱半径随内迭代次数的增大而减小,更新了IO迭代算法中内迭代次数的选择方法,并证明了该算法收敛性与初始矩阵无关。Sylvester矩阵在满足一些特定条件下,为了进一步提高收敛速度,可通过选择适当的相关参数,使得IO迭代算法有较好的收敛速度且比Smith算法的迭代次数明显减少。     

Thrombospondin co-localises with TGFβ and IGF-I in the extracellular matrix of human osteoblast-like cells and is modulated by 17β estradiol

Thrombospondin (TSP) is a multifunctional glycoprotein which is synthesised by several cell types including osteoblasts, and incorporated into the extracellular matrix (ECM) of these cells. The function and regulation of TSP in bone is not clear. In this study, using a long term culture model of human osteoblast-like cells, we examined the distribution of TSP in the ECM and its modulation by added estradiol. In this model the osteoblast-like cells form a regular multilayer which continues to increase in depth up to 50 days post confluence. In the ECM of these cultures and in 19-week fetal bone, the bone markers osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase were diffusely distributed in the matrix. In contrast, labelling for TSP was concentrated, confined to the banded collagen and its immediately adjacent ECM. This pattern of labelling resembled that of the growth factors transforming growth factor-I (TGF), and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), with which TSP label co-localised. Labelling intensities were comparable between fetal bone and the in vitro material for TSP, TGF and IGF-I. TSP label was present by 10 days post confluence, reached a maximum by 20 days, and declined slowly thereafter, a time course which was similar to that of IGF-I. Incubation of osteoblast-like cell cultures with 17 estradiol resulted in an increase in multilayer depth and a maximal 3-fold increase in TSP labeling at 30 days as well as approximately 2-fold increases for TGF and IGF-I. The dose-response relationship for these responses to estradiol treatment was biphasic with maximal increases at 10^–10 M–10^–11 M of added estradiol. Treatment with 17 estradiol produced labelling intensities that were not significantly different from controls. Studies with other cell types have suggested that TSP may be involved in modulation of growth factor activity. The similarities between TSP, TGF and IGF-I, in terms of their distribution and regulation by 17 estradiol treatment, may indicate a role for TSP in modulating bone cell proliferation and function through interaction with local growth factors.     

黄脊竹蝗Ceracris kiangsu发生与气象因子的相关性研究

福建省长汀县1988年至1997年历年黄脊竹蝗Ceracris kiangsu Tsai发生面积与历年主要气象因子变量相关性进行研究。结果表明,黄脊竹蝗发生与气象因子有密切的关系,黄脊竹蝗发生与10月、1月、7月及4月、5月、6月份的气温,与9月、11月及1月、7月、6月份的降雨量,与6月、3月、7月及9月、2月份的日照时数相关密切。其相关性研究对预测和防治竹蝗有一定的指导意义。     

Structural OH in mantle-derived clinopyroxene megacrysts from Nushan

Thirteen clinopyroxene megacrysts from Nushan Cenozoic basalts have been investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR). The results demonstrate that all samples contain trace amount of structural OH. Clinopyroxenes from Nushan show four groups of absorption bands, in which, 3 472–3 506 cm⁻¹ is the major characteristic one. It is suggested that the position of major band is probably related to AI content: the position of major characteristic band for high-AI samples is around 3 470 cm⁻¹, whereas that for low-AI samples around 3 620 cm⁻¹.     

两端任意支承的矩形截面钢筋混凝土梁可靠性优化设计

利用雷－莉法把非正态变量转换为当量正态变量,建立了在多个任意分布基本变量情况下的２性结构优化的设计数学模型。最后给出了设计人格最小的矩形截面钢筋混凝土梁的可靠性优化设计实例。     

人性与人性平衡初探

人性是由生存欲、占有欲、性爱、情爱、责任心、义务感、同情心、怜悯心、惰性等多种要素组成的。人性诸要素之间的关系是互相平衡与互相制约的。这种平衡与制约遵循着四大规律：第一,人性要素的不可缺失性;第二,人性总体和总趋势平衡;第三,人性某个或某些要素扩张有一个“度”;第四,人性平衡是由简单到复杂、由低级到高级、由个别到普遍的发展过程。     

偏微分方程网格生成技术中非线性系数的研究

网格生成技术是ＣＦＤ中极为关键的问题之一,偏微分方程数值网格生成技术是目前应用和研究最多的网格生成方法。本文应该各非线性系数对网格正交性和空间分布的影响进行了理论研究和数值验证。结果表明系数β具有控制网格正交性的作用,系数α和γ具有调节网格空间分布的作用,且其调节作用的强弱和α／γ的值有直接关系。