谢氏宽漠王无机元素和氨基酸组分的测定与分析

对谢氏宽漠王的18种无机元素和18种氨基酸组分进行了分析测定,结果表明:该甲虫含有12种必需微量元素,在样品中的总质量分数达826.93×10-6;蛋白质在样品中的质量分数为49.88×10-2,其中必需氨基酸在蛋白质中的质量分数为0.501.亮氨酸、缬氨酸、甘氨酸、谷氨酸等含量十分丰富,缬氨酸含量突出,在样品中的质量分数高达10.32×10-2.本研究为谢氏宽漠王的组成成分研究提供了基本资料,为进一步探讨其利用价值提供参考.     

几种典型工业污泥及混合物热解特性影响因素

利用热重法,研究了3种典型工业污泥(制药,造纸、啤酒)及其混合物在不同影响因素下:热解温度、样品粒度、升温速率、热解压力、添加含金属元素化合物时的热解特性,研究得到热解机理方程式和反应动力学参数。结果表明,热解温度与压力、升温速率、样品粒度和升温速率污泥热解特性有重要影响,特别是添加了含金属元素化合物后,促进污泥热解有明显作用;3种典型工业污泥在低、中、高温段热解反应级数n分别为1,1.5,2.0,其热解特性参数并没有因为工业污泥试样的混合而显著改变;工业污泥热解特性表现出与煤矸石料相同特性,热解初期活化能和频率因子较低,随着热解温度升高,活化能和频率因子均增大,特别是在热解后期,活化能和频率因子都较高。     

纳米ZnO固载辣根过氧化物酶及其降解酚类化合物研究

目的 利用纳米材料固载辣根过氧化物酶并对固载酶性质及应用进行研究.方法 运用电镜,红外光谱法表征材料,用紫外光谱法检测固载化HRP活性.结果 固载酶在碱性环境中活性比游离酶平均高40%,60℃反应体系里仍然能维持45.3%活性,保存50 d后活性为35.8%,用于降解苯酚与氯酚时去除效率分别为87.3%和65.4%.结论 实验证明了纳米ZnO能够固载辣根过氧化物酶,所得固载酶应用于降解苯酚、氯酚水溶液时催化效率比游离酶分别提高39.68%和21.56%.但是,固载化HRP的重复利用性较差,4次循环使用后基本失活.有必要进一步探索优化固载与催化条件,提高固载酶重复利用性.     

Enhanced calcification ameliorates the negative effects of UV radiation on photosynthesis in the calcifying phytoplankter <Emphasis Type="Italic">Emiliania huxleyi</Emphasis>

The calcifying phytoplankton species,coccolithophores,have their calcified coccoliths around the cells,however,their physio-logical roles are still unknown.Here,we hypothesized that the coccoliths may play a certain role in reducing solar UV radiation(UVR,280-400 nm) and protect the cells from being harmed.Cells of Emiliania huxleyi with different thicknesses of the cocco-liths were obtained by culturing them at different levels of dissolved inorganic carbon and their photophysiological responses to UVR wer...     

Perfluorinated compounds in milk,milk powder and yoghurt purchased from markets in China

The exposure to perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) through the diet for humans is of great concern. Among the diet, dairy products are in great demand. This paper reports the study on the levels of 9 perfluorinated acids and 2 fluorotelomer acids in milk, milk powder and yoghurt purchased from Chinese markets from 2008 to 2009. The analytes were quantitated by high performance liquid chromatography/electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). In milk samples, perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) and perf...     

Identification of petroleum aromatic fraction by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS) is com-mercially available in the 1990s, with the characteristics of large peak capacity, high resolution, high sensitivity, etc. However, its application to the petroleum and geological analyses is just emerging in China and overseas. In this research, the analytical method for petroleum aromatic fraction using GC×GC-TOFMS is set up, via the choice of the column system and optimization of setting parameters, such as temperature programming, modulation time, hot pulse time, flow rate of carrier gas, data acquisition rate and data processing. The results indicate that different polar compounds of aromatic fraction distribute as bands on structured GC×GC chromatogram. Within each band, homologous compounds appear as a roof-tile structure based on the number of substituent residues. The aromatic compounds are identified and characterized according to the GC×GC chromatogram and mass spectra. According to the polarity and the number of rings, aromatic compounds are spatially present on one chromatogram, which directly reflects the distribution characteristics of complex compounds of aromatic hydrocarbons. In addition, quantitative analysis is favored as some overlapped peaks on traditional GC-MS chromatogram have been separated completely on GC×GC. Some heterocyclic atom aromatic compounds at trace level can be clearly identified using this method, for polarity differences from other interfered aromatic compounds. The development of this method and chromatogram recognition offer petroleum geologists a practical example for the application performance of GC×GC-TOFMS.     

Wetting behavior and interfacial characteristic of Sn-Ag-Cu solder alloy on Cu substrate

Wettability of molten Sn-Ag-Cu alloy on Cu substrate has been determined by sessile drop method, as well as its dependence on time and temperature. It was found that the evolution of contact angle at the alloy’s melting point experienced four different stages. Especially, the contact angle was unstable and fluctuant in stage II, and gradually decreased in stage III mainly due to a chemical reaction between Sn-Ag-Cu alloy and Cu substrate. The contact angle decreased with increasing temperature, but increased slightly at 629 K, for another chemical reaction occurred. Interfacial characteristic has been further investigated by examining the sample’s cross section. Intermetallic compounds of Cu6Sn5 and β-Sn phase were found at the interface of Sn-Ag-Cu/Cu.     

含钛复合矿选择性提取制备钛合金

采用固体透氧膜（solid oxygen-ion membrane,SOM）熔盐电解法,对含钛复合矿直接脱氧并选择性提取钛合金.经过X-射线衍射（X-ray diffraction, XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（scanning electron microscope, SEM）和能量分数X-射线（energy dispersive X ray, EDX）分析,结果表明：从含钛高炉渣中可以直接提取出Ti5Si3合金粉末,并可有效去除金属杂质Ca,Mg,Al;从钛铁矿中可以直接提取出TiFex合金.最后,对电解脱氧过程进行讨论分析.     

漆酶处理对碱木素热塑加工过程中VOCs挥发量的抑制作用

探讨了漆酶处理碱木素对其热塑过程中VOCs挥发量的控制作用.采用顶空气相色谱仪(HS-GC)和热重分析仪(TGA)对木素热塑过程中VOCs挥发量进行定量分析.HS-GC检测结果表明,经漆酶处理后木素热塑过程中VOCs挥发量减少35.7%.TGA数据分析显示,热塑温度为190,℃时,漆酶处理后木素中VOCs含量比空白样少0.9%(相对于木素质量).进一步采用气相色谱–质谱联用仪(GC-MS)和凝胶渗透色谱仪(GPC)对漆酶作用原理进行探索,结果显示,漆酶处理后碱木素反应滤液中小分子酚类物质含量减少,而碱木素相对分子质量增大,表明在漆酶处理后,碱木素中的小分子酚类物质发生聚合或与木素大分子接聚,导致碱木素热塑过程中VOCs的挥发量减少.     

“石油无机成因说”的理论与实践

对石油的无机成因理论进行了评述,其中包括地幔脱气论、中地壳与费-托合成说、板块构造与费-托合成说.沥青、原油、干酪根的Pb-Sr-Nd同位素,原油及沥青中高含量的微量元素以及原油中的有机化合物均揭示了原油无机生成的科学依据,这是中国科学家对石油地质学的重大贡献.石油的无机成因理论是可以指导油气勘探的,并以辽宁义县-北票地区、苏南地区、鄂尔多斯盆地伊盟隆起、四川松潘-甘孜褶皱带、柴达木盆地为例讨论了寻找大油气田的可能性.