光纤陀螺光纤环Shupe效应的三维有限元模型

针对传统二维热致非互易光纤环模型的局限性,建立了光纤环柱面坐标三维计算模型,可分析光纤环径向、轴向和周向温度不均匀变化导致的热致误差速率和热致误差角度．采用有限元方法对光纤环三维物理模型进行数值仿真,定量分析由温度激励造成的热致误差速率和热致误差角度．开展了光纤环温度激励实验,对比仿真和实验结果,验证了光纤环三维物理模型的有效性．并将光纤环三维计算模型成功地应用于光纤陀螺（FOG）纤环瞬态特性检测方法所用的温度激励源设计．     

人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子的高效表达

构建能高效表达人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子（haFGF)的基因工程菌,优化产物分离纯化条件,并对纯化产物进行理化性质鉴定,采用PCR方法扩增haFGF cDNA,将该cDNA片段插入表达载体pET3c的表达框架中,筛选得到了重组质粒pET3c-haFGF,转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）,构建了表达菌件BL21（DE3）／pET3c-haFGF.IPTG诱导表达,通过离子交换,肝素亲和两步层析的方法分离纯化产物,用MTT法测定产物的活性,haFGF的表达量约为20％,经过两步层析纯化,获得了电泳纯的haFGF样品,纯化haFGF样品的比活性为ED50小于4.0ng/mL.BL21(DE3)/pET3c表达系统能高效表达haFGF,经过纯化得到了理化性质及生物活性与天然haFGF对照品一致的重组人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子。     

面极化激电理论研究

从激电效应的电化学机理出发,通过研究矿物－溶液界面离子的运动规律,导出了描述激电效应的非线性扩散方程。由于方程的非线性及复杂的边界条件,目前不能获得这一方程的精确解析解。我们对方程在频率域进行了数字计算,结果表明：随着双频电流幅度的增加,复阻抗频谱曲线不再连续光滑,开始出现锯齿状非线性物征,不同的矿物表现不同的非线性特征,利用它有可能为评价激电异常源性提供一种新方法。     

逆极限空间上诱导映射的Li-Yorke τ-混沌

本文否定地回答了文献〔１〕中的问题，研究了逆极限空间上诱导映射的Ｌｉ－Ｙｏｒｋｅτ－混沌与原映射的Ｌｉ－Ｙｏｒｋｅτ－混沌之间的联系     

a-Si/CuInSe2叠层太阳能电池中的空间电荷效应

基于ｐｉｎ结构的ａ－Ｓｉ：Ｈ太阳能电池中的空间电荷效应，讨论了ａ－Ｓｉ／ＣｕＩｎＳｅ２叠层太阳能电池的稳定性。采用计算机数值模拟方法，得出由光生空穴俘获产生的ａ－Ｓｉ：Ｈ层中正空间电荷密度的增加，改变了电池内部的电场分布，普遍抬高了ａ－Ｓｉ：Ｈ薄膜中的电场强度；在当照射下，空间电荷效应不会给ａ－Ｓｉ／ＣｕＩｎＳｅ２叠层结构中的ａ－Ｓｉ：Ｈ薄膜中的场强度；在光照射下，空间电荷效应不绘给ａ－Ｓｉ／Ｃｕ     

基于Timed-HITS与协同过滤的混合推荐算法

用户间的信任关系、用户对商品的偏好兴趣及商品的时效性都会影响对商品的推荐效果.将这些因素引入到基本的HITS算法中,对HITS算法进行了改进.将用户对商品的偏好兴趣矩阵进行了改进,利用隐馈数据通过逻辑回归算法估计用户对商品的偏好兴趣,对评分为零的情况赋予了不同的偏好兴趣度,这样更符合实际.将改进的HITS算法和协同过滤算法相结合得到一个混合推荐算法,同时将用户分为活跃用户和非活跃用户分别进行推荐.将提出的算法在Movielens数据集上进行了试验,结果表明该算法在一定程度上缓解了数据稀疏和冷启动的问题,推荐效果优于基于用户的协同过滤算法.     

基于二维激光诱导炽光法的棉籽油扩散火焰碳烟生成特性

搭建了一套二维激光诱导炽光测试系统,获得乙烯扩散火焰的碳烟体积分数,并将其与单点标定激光诱导炽光法和消光法得到的测试结果比对,验证了该测试系统的有效性.在一台液体燃烧器上,应用二维激光诱导炽光法研究棉籽油掺混比对柴油层流扩散火焰碳烟生成的影响.结果表明:随掺混比的增加,最大碳烟体积分数以及碳烟总量呈现降低趋势.在轴心方向上随火焰高度的增加,碳烟体积分数逐渐增加,在中部达到最大值,随火焰高度的进一步增加,碳烟体积分数开始降低.径向上的碳烟浓度峰值随火焰高度的上升由火焰外侧向火焰中心移动,且峰值先增加后降低.      

Spawning behaviour of Engystomops pustulatus (Anura: Leptodactylidae)

Foam nests have evolved independently in several amphibian groups as an adaptive response to prevent predation and desiccation in dry environments. Nests are normally laid on ponds, or in underground galleries, humid forest leaf litter or terrestrial bromeliads. They are built when males or females beat a foam precursor associated with the egg masses extruded by the female. The spawning process requires the synchronic actions of the mating pair to obtain a hemispheric nest that protects the offspring. Herein, we describe the spawning behaviour of Engystomops pustulatus based on videos from 13 nesting couples from the lowlands of western Ecuador. Three variables were measured as indicators of male effort: duration of mixing events, duration of resting periods, and number of kicks per mixing event. We consider that not only male physical effort but also female behaviour influences nest structure. We suggest that nest building requires prolonged and intense physical activity by the male as well as the female’s steady position during spawning and female’s oviposition site selection. Nest building has two phases. In the first phase, the duration of resting periods, the duration of mixing events, and the number of kicks increase and are highly variable. During the second phase the three variables stabilise until the end. The volume of the nest increased mainly during the second phase. In four nesting events we observed kicking movements by the female. To our knowledge, this is the first time that female kicking has been observed in leptodactylid frogs. The function of this behaviour is unknown but our observations suggest that it may be triggered by insufficient male effort. Traditionally, female mate choice in Engystomops has been explained under models of indirect benefits exclusively. We argue that the prolonged male activity during nesting could influence female fitness directly. This will allow the operation of sexual selection via direct benefits.     

An investigation of predator‐induced defence responses in ciliated protozoa

Predator‐induced defence responses have been reported in 15 species of ciliates representing three subclasses: Hypotrichia, Stichotrichia and Hymenostomia. However, the discovery of this phenomenon in such distantly related groups suggests that it could be more widespread within the Ciliophora. In laboratory experiments, we tested 23 potential prey species with a range of potential predators including other ciliates (12 spp.), amoebae (two spp.), rotifers (two spp.), a turbellarian worm (Stenostomum sphagnetorum), and an oligochaete worm (Chaetogaster sp.). In each experiment, one predator species was incubated for 24?h with one potential prey species and the latter was examined for evidence of a defence response. One new example of predator‐induced morphological change was recorded (Euplotes viridis) and detailed observations were made for one poorly known example (E. eurystomus). Both species significantly increased their width (by about 35% and 23%, respectively) in the presence of the turbellarian worm S. sphagnetorum. An induced life cycle change was recorded for the first time among hypotrichs with E. muscorum exhibiting significantly increased rates of encystation in the presence of the ciliate predators Dileptus anser and Spathidium sp. Finally, Euplotes patella, Euplotes sp. and Stylonychia pustulata, which are usually regarded as omnivorous rather than predatory ciliates, all induced morphological change in Colpidium kleini, the C. kleini cells becoming significantly shorter and wider. No examples of induced defence response were found among groups other than hypotrichs and hymenostomes.