部分酸化磷矿法磷肥中有效磷含量计算模型

根据“部分酸化”磷矿过程中酸与矿的反应机理,导出了产品中水溶性磷、枸溶性磷和游离酸含量以及有关参数之间的关联式,经实验验证,该模型式是可靠的。     

城市污水中磷含量的测定

本试验采用三价铁盐在碱性条件下生成氢氧化铁吸附磷,并使之与其他成份分离.对氢氧化铁沉淀加盐酸溶解后,用吸光度法测定,效果可靠。     

梦清园景观水体生态净化系统示范工程研究

根据上海面临的水环境问题,在苏州河梦清园设计并运行一套景观水体水质净化生态组合工艺,该工艺包括水质强化净化部分和水质稳定部分.运行该工艺对苏州河河水进行处理,为期一年的连续运行和监测结果表明,该处理工艺能够明显改善景观水体的景观效果和有效的削减进水中的氨氮和总氮、总磷,年平均去除率分别到达70%、23%和38%.     

Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal in Anaerobic/Aerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor Supplied with Glucose as Carbon Source

Phosphorus removal performance in an aerobic/aerobic sequencing batch reactor （SBR） supplied with glucose as carbon source was investigated. It was found that there was no phosphate release concomitant with the storing of poly-β-hydroxyalkanoate （PHA） during the anaerobic phase. Whereas, glycogen was soon built up followed by rapid consumption, at the same time, glucose was depleted rapidly. Based on the analysis of different fractions of phosphorus in activated sludge, the relative ratio of organically bound phosphorus in sludge changed at the end of anaerobic and aerobic phases. The ratios were 45.3% and 51.8% respectively. This showed that the polyphosphate broke down during the anaerobic phase to supply part of energy for PHA synthesis. The reason why there was no phosphate release might be the biosorption effect of extracellular exopolymers （EPS）. It was also proved by the analysis of EPS with scanning electron microscopy （SEM） combined with energy dispersive spectrometry （EDS）. The phosphorus weight percentage of EPS at the end of anaerobic phase was 9.22%.     

三配位五价磷化学

对具有Ｒ－Ｐ（＝Ｘ）（＝Ｙ）结构的三配位五价磷化合物的结构特点、成键及光谱性质、合成方法及化学反应性能作了一描述。比较详细地讨论了以二配位磷化合物、三配位三价磷化合物以及四配位五价磷化合物为原料的合成方法，主要讨论了三配位五价磷化合物的亲电反应性以及与不饱和化合物进行的环加成反应。     

ICP光谱法测定复混肥料中钾和有效磷的含量

用ICP光谱法(ICP-AES法)测定复混肥中的钾和有效磷元素含量,并与GB/8574-1988四苯基硼酸钾重量法、GB/8573-1999磷钼酸喹啉重量法进行比较.结果分析得出,钾和有效磷的精密度分别为0.12%和0.11%,3种方法的分析结果相互吻合,ICP-AES法可以用于监测肥料、土壤和农产品中钾和有效磷的含量,提高农业生产质量,保障食品安全.     

膨胀型阻燃剂二溴新戊二醇磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐的合成及应用

以五氧化二磷、二溴新戊二醇为原料合成了5,5-二溴甲基-2-羟基-2-氧代-1,3,2-二氧磷杂环己烷,采用元素分析,IR,1H-NMR,13C-NMR等分析方法进行表征,确定了结构.用该化合物与三聚氰胺反应,合成了含氮、溴、磷的膨胀型阻燃剂二溴新戊二醇磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐,并将其用于对聚丙烯(PP)的阻燃,实验结果表明,当阻燃剂与聚丙烯质量比为3:7时,离火后0秒自熄且不滴落,膨胀性好,具有很好的阻燃效果.     

氢甲酰化反应过渡金属络合催化剂有机膦配体调变效应的理论研究

应用量子化学半经验PM3计算方法,对十几种不同结构的有机膦配体结构做了计算,研究了有机膦配体的磷原子的电荷,分析了有机膦配体对中心金属原子的作用原理,提出了一种用于各种改性膦配体对金属有机催化剂催化活性与选择性影响大小的估算方法。计算结果表明, (1)有机膦配体上用于配位的磷原子电子电荷越大,配体的授电子能力越弱,与中心金属原子形成的配位化合物对氢甲酰化反应活性越高; (2)有机膦配体的三个取代基所形成的截面面积是在氢甲酰化催化反应中影响同一类催化剂选择性的一个重要因素,有机膦配体三个取代基所形成的截面面积S越大,反应的选择性就越好;(3)结合氢甲酰化催化反应速率常数k值和线性率n值, 对磷原子电荷Q值和S面积作了回归分析, 由回归方程可知, 有机膦配体并不是单独地以电子效应或立体效应来影响有机金属络合物的活性和选择性的, 两者是协同作用的。     

几种赤潮藻对温度、氮、磷的响应及藻间相互作用的研究

目的：研究３种赤潮藻对主要生态因子的响应以及藻间的相互作用。方法：改变温度及氮（Ｎ）、磷（Ｐ）质量浓度的条件下对单独培养及混合培养下拟菱形或（硅藻）、链状亚历山大藻和锥状施克里普藻（甲藻）的增殖情况作出比较研究,结果：发现两种甲藻的存在能促进硅藻的增殖,但需具备一定的条件;当温度为２０℃,Ｎ、Ｐ质量浓度分别达到９６７μｇ／Ｌ和１２８μｇ／Ｌ时,混合培养中的拟菱形藻发生了爆发性增殖,藻细胞浓度已达到     

Identification of quantitative trait loci affecting tolerance to low phosphorus in rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

Phosphorus (P)-deficiency in rice (Oryza. Sativa. L) may cause yield reductions. This research has been conducted to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for tolerance to low phosphorus stress in a doubled haploid (DH) population. By using the linkage map of this population, the QTLs for relative dry weight, relative P content and relative P utilization efficiency have been located. The results indicate that one RFLP marker located on chromosome 6 is closely associated with relative root dry weight, relative shoot dry weight and relative total dry weight, which explain 24.9%, 20.5% and 25.2% of the total phenotypic variations, respectively. Two QTLs affect relative P uptake content, which account for 20.7% of the total phenotypic variations. One micro-effect QTL has been found to be associated with relative P utilization efficiency. It is suggested that the P uptake efficiency is more associated with P efficiency. Among the secondary physiological indices of P uptake efficiency, the root dry weight is more important than others.