柴油机气缸盖传热规律研究

利用Star CCM+软件,采用多面体网格技术和基于流体体积函数方法(VOF)的两相流沸腾模型,对单缸柴油机气缸盖的冷却传热进行了流-固耦合仿真计算,通过气缸盖的测试温度对仿真结果进行了校验.在此基础上,对气缸盖的传热规律进行了研究.研究表明,单缸柴油机负荷增加时,气缸盖冷却水壁面排气门鼻梁区的传热系数HTC呈现出在较小负荷增加迅速,在较大负荷增加变缓的规律;气缸盖向冷却水传递的热流量则随单缸柴油机负荷的提高呈现出加速上升的趋势,转速为2 000r.min-1时,单缸柴油机功率由44kW增加到61kW,气缸盖传递给冷却水的热流量增幅为31.4%;功率由61kW增加到80kW,气缸盖传递给冷却水的热流量增幅为61.3%.     

基于表观特征的单目视觉算法实现的注视方向估计

视线跟踪作为一种重要的人机接口模式,能够提供丰富的人机交互信息.提出了基于单目视觉的视线跟踪方法( Monocular Vision Approach,MVA).从眼部图像提取的表观特征,再经过支持向量回归( Support Vector Regression,SVR)计算实现可头部动作的注视方向估计.本方法仅用一个摄像机采集一副人脸图像作为输入数据,输出的计算结果是人的头部姿态和注视方向,以摄像机坐标系为参照系.采用的表观特征是基于方向二值模式( Directional Binary Pattern,DBP)算法,解析瞳孔在眼窝中运动引起的图像纹理变化.视线跟踪方法首先将双眼分割出来,并编码成高维的方向二值模式特征,最终通过支持向量回归作为匹配函数计算注视视角.共有11个人共23 676回归样本,按照姿态分成5个聚类集合.实验结果显示,基于本方法进行注视方向估计可以获得3°的测试误差.     

相容粗糙集在音频检索中的应用

针对数字技术的发展促使个人的多媒体数据资料量越来越大,给人们的使用造成很大的不便,人们迫切需要能对这些资料进行检索和管理的工具,提出了利用相容粗糙集理论对音频数据进行预检索的新方法,即在相容类的近似空间中对音频数据进行预检索.实验结果表明,该方法可以有效地克服等价粗糙集在音频检索方面的限制,对提高检索效率具有一定的作用.     

New findings of Hexalona-branch representatives in Brazil,with a description of Prenda gen. nov. (Crustacea: Anomopoda: Aloninae)

Altogether, Coronatella and Hexalona-branches are considered the main lineages of Aloninae – a subfamily of common bottom-dwelling microcrustaceans in freshwater environments. Although the taxonomic features of Brazilian members of the Hexalona-branch have been summarised for species from the costata-group and affinis-group, a revision of other widely distributed species in the world is still lacking in this country. The aim of this paper was to study the morphology of Brazilian populations from the guttata-group and intermedia-group, and to describe a new genus from the Hexalona-branch. The parthenogenetic females of Alona cf. guttata from Brazil have similar morphology when compared to data from the literature, but the armature of the terminal claw of its males seems to be different from those of Alona guttata sensu stricto, Alona barbulata and Alona werestschagini. The intermedia-group is formed by Alona elisae sp. nov., which seems to be endemic to the Cerrado of Brazil Central, and Alona isabellae sp. nov., which is widely distributed in Brazil; this species has a labral keel armed with 2–4 setulae, and postabdomen with setulae of lateral fascicles longer than the level of marginal denticles, morphological traits that differentiate it from Alona elisae sp. nov. Another endemic species from the Hexalona-branch is Prenda arvensis gen. nov. and sp. nov., which has two main head pores, a reduced seta on endite 1 of the first limb, sixth limb is a wide lobe. The potential of biodiversity from the Hexalona-branch from Brazil is still underestimated, and a global revision of the guttata-group and intermedia-group is very important for the progress of Aloninae taxonomy and systematics.

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0A2E4A30-0C9C-43E8-8E72-1DEDA6AFF3C3     

Muhaka icipe,an enigmatic new genus and species of Kleidotomini (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Eucoilinae) from an East African coastal forest

A remarkable new eucoiline genus and species, Muhaka icipe, is described herein. The genus is clearly a Kleidotomini, but is distinguished from other genera in the tribe by a unique head and scutellar morphology. The genus belongs to the ‘wedge-head’-syndrome group of species that, to date, is unique to Afrotropical eucoilines. The new genus and species is reminiscent of Stentorceps Quinlan and Nanocthulhu Buffington, but is readily distinguished from these genera. Muhaka was collected from a threatened kaya (sacred forest) of coastal Kenya. The biological importance of this and other kaya forests, as well as their protection, is discussed.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6918ED2C-69A4-48FC-A1E4-2B5DFF58E876     

磁盘表面形貌对润滑剂分布及磁头／磁盘之间润滑剂转移的影响

磁盘表层润滑剂在磁头与磁盘之间转移会影响磁头飞行的稳定性．本文采用改进后的粗粒珠簧模型,运用分子动力学方法,研究了磁盘上类金刚石薄膜（diamondlikecarbon,DLC）层粗糙度和磁盘表面凸起对润滑剂在磁盘表面分布及磁头／磁盘之间润滑剂转移的影响．研究结果表明,DLC层粗糙度对润滑膜平均厚度及磁盘表层粗糙度的影响很小;磁盘表面凸起对磁盘表层润滑剂分布的影响明显．类金刚石薄膜层的粗糙度和磁盘表层凸起均可增加转移到磁头上的润滑剂的体积．但磁盘表层粗糙度对磁头／磁盘之间润滑剂转移量的影响明显低于由磁盘表层凸起导致的磁头／磁盘之间润滑剂的转移量．     

SIMATIC T-CPU及伺服系统在摇床头中的应用研究

设计了一种基于SIMATIC 317T-2DP与IM174定位模块的伺服控制系统,本伺服控制系统采用松下A5 Minas 伺服电机,运用S7-Technology工程工具中的凸轮组态功能创建凸轮,输出摇床头的普拉特-奥运动曲线,从而使摇床头实现智能化控制.     

浅析《中国图书馆分类法》第5版有关类目的变化与分类标引

通过《中国图书馆分类法》第4版与第5版的对比,指出了两版有关类目在类目设置和分类标引方面的变化,并通过具体实例加以区别和说明。     

调压室底部阻力系数的试验研究

调压室底部阻力系数的确定是影响调压室水力计算精度的重要因素.目前这方面的资料甚缺.因此调压室底部阻力系数的试验研究是一项急待进行的工作.这是一种基础试验,其成果将能够长期服务于生产.本文作者对于T形及T形加扩大断面的分岔进行了详细的不同分流情况的试验.前者相当于双室式和差动式调压室的情况,其成果对已有的资料起到了检验和修正的作用;后者相当于具有连管的调压室,其成果填补了这方面的空白,为此类调压室的水力计算提供了依据,试验成果以曲线和公式两种形式示出.前者较形象,后者特别适用于用计算机求解调压室水位波动问题.     

鳙鱼(Aristichthys nobilis)外周血细胞的细微结构

本文用光镜(Wright氏染色和组化反应)和透射电镜观察鳙鱼外周血细胞.在Wright’s染色的血涂片上,可以区分:红细胞、淋巴细胞、血栓细胞、单核细胞和颗粒细胞.淋巴细胞是数目最多的白细胞,而单核细胞的数目较少.电镜观察下,红细胞的细胞器较少,只有一些囊泡样体和少量线粒体.血栓细胞由于有大量的液泡和边周微管而与小淋巴细胞有较大区别.虽然单核细胞在体积和形态上酷似颗粒细胞,但单核细胞有更丰富的粗面内质网和游离核糖体,而颗粒细胞含更多的特殊颗粒.颗粒细胞有两种类型:Ⅰ型颗粒细胞和Ⅱ型颗粒细胞.这两种颗粒细胞都是嗜中性粒细胞,是同一种细胞的不同发育时期.本文还描述了这两种颗粒细胞的重要特征.