杂多酸催化合成聚氧丙烯甘油醚

采用可溶性固体杂多酸作均相反应催化剂,以及不可溶性固体杂多酸盐作非均相反应催化剂,合成了聚氧丙烯甘油醚。实验结果表明,采用杂多酸作催化剂在中温、常压条件下,就可合成了产率较高的符合工业技术指标的聚氧丙烯甘油醚。用元素分析、IR、1HNMR和羟值的测定确定了产物的组成和分子量,得出最佳合成条件。     

侧链含偶氮的聚噻吩甲烯的合成及其三阶非线性研究

为了提高聚噻吩甲烯的非线性光学性能,通过4-醛基-4'-二甲胺基偶氮苯和噻吩的缩聚反应,合成了聚噻吩对二甲氨基偶氮苯甲烷(PTDMAAB),再用PTDMAAB与四氯苯醌发生脱氢反应合成了侧链含偶氮的聚噻吩甲烯(PTDMAABQ).用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱对PTDMAABQ进行了结构表征.与PTDMAAB相比,PTDMAABQ的红外谱图在波数为1650cm-1附近出现肩峰,紫外-可见吸收光谱上π→π 吸收峰红移35nm,都说明了醌化反应的发生和共轭结构的形成.X衍射表明,PTDMAABQ主要呈非晶态,但存在有微小晶区;热重分析显示,PTDMAABQ的热分解温度在275℃以上;用Z scan系统研究表明,PT DMAABQ薄膜具有大的非线性折射率和三阶非线性系数,分别为4 926×10-6和3 644×10-9esu.     

超声波辐射法合成对、间羧基苯氧乙酸

用超声波辐射法合成了羧基苯氧乙酸，并通过IR、^1HNMR、^13C NMR对所合成的化合物进行了结构表征．通过正交实验，探索出了超声波辐射法合成羧基苯氧乙酸类化合物的最佳合成条件，这种合成方法具有反应条件温和、操作简便以及产率较高等特点。     

万能打印机程度的分析与设计

通过分析应用程序开发过程中大量报表打印输出存在的问题,提出了用一个数据报表对象来完成所有报表打印输出的万能打印程度设计的思想。其核心技术是通过后台数据库支持表来完成对打印界面及其属性的设置,通过通用界面的设计、后台支持表的设计、通用程序的设计等三步具体实现。     

Nuclear Technique and Agriculture in China

Nuclear technique is a powerful scientific tool in agricultural research, an area with fruitful achievements in China. Application of nuclear technique in agriculture (Nuclear Agricultural Sciences) based on the development of related science and technology is a high-tech area, and also a significant aspect of non-electrical power application of nuclear technique. As an important component of agricultural science and technology, Nuclear technique application in agricultural field has achieved a lot and made remarkable contributions to the economic, social and ecological development of China. The current paper reviews the achievements, and presents the situation of the application of nuclear technique in the Chinese a-griculture briefly. The author strongly suggests that Chinese     

PA6/SiO2纳米复合材料的动态力学性能研究

在相同的聚合条件下,用三种不同方法制备了PA6/SiO2 纳米复合材料及纯PA6,并对其动态力学行为进行了研究和比较.实验结果表明:加入纳米二氧化硅后,复合材料γ、β松弛峰峰值往高温方向移动.用改进方法制备的PA6/SiO2纳米复合材料的动态储能模量明显高于纯PA6及其它方法制备的复合材料,这对纳米复合材料制备方法的设计有一定的参考价值.     

碳纤维用PAN原丝的结构与性能

采用以二甲基亚砜（DMSO）为溶剂的连续溶液聚合和一步湿法纺丝技术，在10t／a中试实验装置上成功地制备了碳纤维用聚丙烯腈（PAN）原丝批量产品。通过不断地优化聚合和纺丝工艺条件，实现了PAN原丝的中试稳定化。实验结果表明，采用连续溶液聚合技术在实现单体高度转化的同时获得了高分子量的PAN共聚物，通过调整凝固成型工艺条件和牵伸配比制备了具有圆形截面且结构致密的高取向度PAN原丝。将批量PAN原丝产品进行预氧化、低温碳化和高温碳化后．获得PAN基碳纤维，其束丝强度、模量和断裂伸长率的平均值分别达到3．74GPa，223GPa和1．7％。     

Development of the CAS-IBB single-particle microbeam for localized irradiation of living cells

A single-particle microbeam facility has been constructed at the Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering (LIBB), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The system was designed to deliver a defined numbers of hydrogen ions, produced by a van de Graaff accelerator, in an energy range of 2.0-3.0 MeV, into an area smaller than that of the nucleus of an individual living cell. The beam is collimated by a borosilicate glass capillary that forms the beam-line exit. An integrated computer program recognizes the cells and locates them one by one over the microbeam exit for irradiation. We present technical details of the CAS-LIBB microbeam facility, particularly on the collimator, hardware, control program, as well as cell irradiation protocols available. Various factors contributing to the targeting and positioning precision are discussed along with accuracy measurement results.     

辐照对长江可培养微生物的影响及挑选指示微生物

以长江中下游区域的水体为研究对象,通过分离纯化手段,对不同辐照剂量下长江水样中可培养微生物种类、数量进行研究.结果显示:辐照引起可培养微生物数量大幅下降,但可培养微生物群落结构变得更加丰富.各菌属中,黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)受辐照影响最大,培养得到的菌落比例下降了28.98%,芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)对辐照耐受性极强,菌落比例上升了15.78%.同时发现了长江水体中具有指示价值的微生物d(Flavobacterium nitratireducens strain N1),为放射性污染的生物监测提供相关参考依据.     

Influences of ultrasonic irradiation on the morphology and structure of nanoporous Co nanoparticles during chemical dealloying

The Co-61.8 wt% Al nanoparticles of 45 nm were prepared by hydrogen plasma-metal reaction (HPMR) method. The nanoparticles display core shell structure with Al13Co4 and CoAl core and aluminum oxide shell (about 2 nm). Under ultrasonic irradiation, nanoporous fcc-Co nanoparticles were produced successfully by chemically dealloying the Co-Al nanoparticles at room temperature, whereas, without ultrasonic irradiation CoAl phase could hardly react with sodium hydroxide solution. At 323 K the Co-Al nanoparticles could be dealloyed to fcc-Co and hcp-Co phases even without ultrasonic irradiation. The surface area of the dealloyed nanoparticles under ultrasonic irradiation was larger than that of the dealloyed sample without ultrasonic irradiation at the same temperature. It is believed that the microjet and shock-wave induced by ultrasonic irradiation give rise to particles size reduction, interparticle collision and surface cleaning, and accelerate the dealloying process and the phase transformation.