基于改进滤波器和图像多尺度变换的背景抑制算法

红外目标的探测背景具有复杂性和非平稳性,为提高后续检测性能,常常通过抑制背景来增强目标能量。针对传统背景抑制方法检测率低、虚警率高的问题,提出一种基于改进滤波器和图像多尺度变换的复杂背景抑制算法。首先,对红外图像进行改进的滤波处理获得预处理图像。其次,通过高斯金字塔多分辨技术,平滑图像背景。然后,采用Cubic插值算法提高图像的分辨率,得到背景估计图像。最后,将预处理图像和背景估计图像差分,获得背景抑制的结果。经验证,该算法实时性相对传统方法提高了19%,对于多种复杂的背景情况具有良好的适应性。同时，算法计算复杂度较低,有利于实现实时性工程应用。     

快速加权核范数最小化的SAR图像去噪算法

提出快速加权核范数最小化(fast weighted nuclear norm minimization,FWNNM)的合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar,SAR)图像去噪算法。首先采用对数变换将SAR图像的乘性噪声变换为加性噪声,然后利用非局部相似性对变换后的图像进行块匹配,随后根据低秩模型框架,用随机奇异值分解替换加权核范数最小化(weighted nuclear norm minimization,WNNM)算法中的奇异值分解进行低秩矩阵逼近,再采用梯度直方图保存的方法对图像进行纹理增强,最终实现了对SAR图像快速去噪。在MSTAR数据库上的实验结果表明,与已有方法相比,所提方法在SAR图像去噪和边缘保持方面是有效的,并且比WNNM去噪速度快3倍。     

形象思维在医学英语术语命名中的应用

形象思维在医学英语术语的命名中发挥着重要的作用。借助植物、动物、自然现象、物品、古希腊罗马神话中的人物形象对医学英语术语进行命名,可以增加医学英语术语的美感、趣味性和准确性,利于理解和记忆。     

一种基于四叉树划分的改进ORB算法

原ORB （oriented FAST and rotated BRIEF）算法提取的图像特征点经常出现“扎堆重叠”现象，其分布较为密集且缺乏尺度不变性，因而容易造成图像特征点误匹配的问题。为了解决该问题，提出了一种基于四叉树划分的图像特征点提取算法。首先对图像建立尺度金字塔，然后使用四叉树划分图像并限制划分深度。用加速分段测试的特征（features fromaccelerated segment test，FAST）算法通过多个检测阈值对划分后的图像进行特征点检测。检测完毕后，根据划分出的子块总数和提取的特征点总数对划分出来的各个子块设置自适应阈值，提取ORB特征点。操作完成后通过采取非极大值抑制的方法筛选最佳特征点，并使用改良后的二元鲁棒独立基本特征（binary robust independent elementary features，BRIEF）算法计算得出特征点的描述符，最后进行特征点匹配。实验结果表明，本文算法提取的图像特征点较原ORB算法提取的效果在均匀程度上得到了明显地提升，冗余重叠的特征点数量减少，且在特征点提取速度方面较原ORB算法的提取速度提高了30%以上。     

A survey of occlusion detection method for visual object

Occlusion problem is one of the challenging issues in vision field for a long time , and the occlu-sion phenomenon of visual object will be involved in many vision research fields .Once the occlusion occurs in a visual system , it will affect the effects of object recognition , tracking, observation and operation , so detecting occlusion autonomously should be one of the abilities for an intelligent vision system .The research on occlusion detection method for visual object has increasingly attracted atten-tions of scholars .First, the definition and classification of the occlusion problem are presented . Then, the characteristics and deficiencies of the occlusion detection methods based on the intensity image and the depth image are analyzed respectively , and the existing occlusion detection methods are compared.Finally, the problems of existing occlusion detection methods and possible research directions are pointed out .     

汽车检测与维修技术专业课程体系开发与实践

通过对汽车维修业企业调研，分析了汽车检测与维修技术专业的典型工作任务，归纳了行动领域，将其转化为学习领域，开发和构建了以知识、能力等素质为目标的工作过程导向课程体系。     

基于改进Sobel算法的焊缝X射线图像气孔识别方法

提出一种具有自适应能力的焊缝X射线图像气孔检测方法.通过局部动态阈值分割法设计了多方向的焊缝X射线图像模板,采用Sobel算法对复杂背景下的焊缝进行边缘检测和区域标记,并在标记区域对原始图像x和y方向的灰度梯度进行分析,以增强小气孔和粘连气孔的识别能力.检测应用效果表明,所提出的方法具有良好的自适应能力且准确快速,能够有效地克服人工评片中产生的漏判与误判等缺点,并且能够存储和查询检测数据.     

Semantic image annotation based on GMM and random walk model

Automatic image annotation has been an active topic of research in computer vision and patternrecognition for decades.A two stage automatic image annotation method based on Gaussian mixturemodel (GMM) and random walk model (abbreviated as GMM-RW) is presented.To start with,GMM fitted by the rival penalized expectation maximization (RPEM) algorithm is employed to estimatethe posterior probabilities of each annotation keyword.Subsequently, a random walk processover the constructed label similarity graph is implemented to further mine the potential correlations ofthe candidate annotations so as to capture the refining results, which plays a crucial role in semanticbased image retrieval.The contributions exhibited in this work are multifold.First, GMM is exploitedto capture the initial semantic annotations, especially the RPEM algorithm is utilized to train themodel that can determine the number of components in GMM automatically.Second, a label similaritygraph is constructed by a weighted linear combination of label similarity and visual similarity ofimages associated with the corresponding labels, which is able to avoid the phenomena of polysemyand synonym efficiently during the image annotation process.Third, the random walk is implementedover the constructed label graph to further refine the candidate set of annotations generated byGMM.Conducted experiments on the standard Corel5k demonstrate that GMM-RW is significantlymore effective than several state-of-the-arts regarding their effectiveness and efficiency in the task of automatic image annotation.     

基于SIFT检测的Demons图像配准

提出一种计算简便且配准效率高的算法.通过拟牛顿对Demons算法里的目标函数进行优化,从而得出形变向量u的方法,阐明了此方法配准的高效性,同时再结合SIFT算法对配准结果的检测,便能很直接很直观地看出配准结果的好坏,避免了判断两幅图相似性的大量计算.实验验证了所提出算法的有效性.     

诗词意境研究中的若干问题

意境的现代性研究中衍生出了许多值得进一步探讨的问题,如意境的形象性问题,意境与意象的关系,意境的美学性质等等。意境是特种艺术形象,是由语象、意象依某种美学规则建构而成的三维空间形象,是实境和虚境的结合体,并以虚境的存在显示其独特的美学地位与价值。