反应型卤系阻燃剂和阻燃不饱和聚酯树脂的合成及性能

以卤代双酚A及双酚S为原料,合成了五个含卤反应型阻燃剂:2,2-二[3,5-二溴-4-(2-羟乙氧基)-苯基]丙烷,2,2-二(3,5-二氟-4-(2-羟乙氧基)-苯基)丙烷,二[3,5-二溴-4-(2-羟乙氧基)苯基-]矾,2,2-二[3,5-二溴-4-羧甲氧基-苯基]丙烷,2,2-二[3,5-二氯-4-羧甲氧基-苯基]丙烷。用这些单体与顺丁烯二酸酐、邻苯二甲酸酐、丙二醇等,合成了十种阻燃不饱和聚酯树脂,测定了这些树脂的热机械性能、氧指数及热性能。得出如下结论:含溴双酚A型化合物的阻燃效果优于含氯的,但硫的引入对阻燃性并没有改善;含A22(卤代双酚二羧甲基醚)的树脂阻燃性远好于含D22(卤代双酚二羟乙基醚)的树脂,因此推广应用A22是很有价值的。     

聚丙烯与聚酯共混物的流变性能研究

本文对聚丙烯(PP)与阳离子可染聚酯(CDPET)在组成为97/3,95/5,90/10、85/15和80/20以及与对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)组成为90/10共混物的流变行为、共混物形态结构与流变性质的关系作了研究。结果表明,PP与CDPET、PBT的共混物熔体均为切力变稀的幂律流体。共混物PP/CDPET熔体表观粘度对剪切速率的依赖性比PP/PBT小,而对温度的依赖性则比PP/PBT大。PP/CDPET共混物随着第二组分含量的变化其表现粘度在5(质量)％时出现极大值,这与共混物熔体中分散相的形态结构物有关;CDPET百分含量越大,PP/CDPET共混物熔体粘度对温度越敏感。     

共混抗静电涤纶纤维的研制

本文从三种共混体系的选配、抗静电剂含量和共混方式对涤纶纤维可纺性、抗静电性及耐水洗性的影响中,发现涤纶(PET)—聚乙二醇(PEG)—十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)—硬脂酸盐(Stearate)四元共混体系,因复合抗静电剂的协同效应,使其抗静电性和耐久性好。该体系在40℃的皂水中连续洗涤20次,体积比电阻达10~8～10~9Ω·cm,且可纺性和拉伸性能均佳。本文还探讨了抗静电剂含量对涤纶纤维力学性能的影响。     

热致型液晶聚合物的玻璃态结构及形成热力学和动力学

利用热台偏光显微镜、差示扫描量热法(DSC)、广角X-射线衍射(WAXD)等分析测试手段,对聚1,4-苯二氧乙酸-1,8-二氧代辛撑基二苯酚酯的织态结构及相态进行了研究。结果表明,该聚合物在经过一次加热冷却循环后。生成了液晶玻璃态。对相转变的转变熵值的分析表明,上述结论是正确的。并在热力学与动力学共同作用的基础上,讨论了热致型液晶聚合物液晶玻璃态的形成,提出了固化温度大于结晶温度是液晶玻璃态产生的必要条件。     

高收缩涤纶长丝性能研究

本文以高速纺卷烧丝POY为原料，经过调节不同的牵伸速度和温度等参数制备了具有10－60％收缩性能的涤纶长丝，测试了高收缩涤纶长丝收缩前后的结晶度和取向度的变化，讨论了收缩温度和时间对纤维收缩的影响，以及高收缩纤维的收缩率和纤维强伸度的关系。     

低档兔毛纺纱工艺路线探索

低档兔毛纤维短,本文采用棉型纺纱系统,可以纺制18 tex以细的纱,这样有利于开发薄型产品。但纯兔毛纱强力较小,可用涤丝包芯方式采加固。产品经济实惠,适合内销市场需要。本文工艺采用短流程,基本上在棉纺设备上加以改装后纺制成纱。     

松香改性不饱和聚酯反应动力学研究

本研究测定了顺丁烯二酸酐、邻苯二甲酸酐和乙二醇缩聚反应以及顺丁烯二酸酐与松香Ｄｉｅｌｓ—Ａｌｄｅｒ加成反应的动力学参数，确定它们的反应级数均为二级．求出不同温度下的反应速度常数及宏观活化能．为合成性能优良的松香改性不饱和聚酯树脂提供了最佳工艺条件．     

Effect of Chemical Structure on Molecular Properties of Hyperbranched Polycarbosilanes

1 Results In spite of the increased interest to the synthesis of hyperbranched polymers,there is a lack of studies of conformational properties of their macromolecules.Structural features of hyperbranched polymers are responsible for new properties that distinguish them from linear compounds and open unique possibilities for their applications.The knowledge of the “structure-properties“ relationships is of fundamental value,it also can be helpful when developing new technologies and new materials. The g...     

A Novel Calixarene-containing Hyperbranched Aliphatic Polyester Incorporated with Pendant Europium Complexes

1 Results Hyperbranched polymers can be easily functionalized,while the calixarene-rare earth complexes enjoy the advantages of narrow emission bands.It is expected that materials combining their advantages can possess good luminescence properties[1-2].For this reason,in this paper,a novel calixarene-containing hyperbranched aliphatic polyester incorporated with pendant europium complexes (H2O-Cal-Eu) was synthesized and characterized by FTIR,UV and element analysis.DSC measurement shows that the glass-...     

Application of Bi-axial Warp Knitted Structures in Concrete Constructions

The warp knitted bi- axial directionally oriented structure (D.O. S.) reinforcement substrates applied to building construction are discussed in comparison to woven fabrics. One of usage barriers of reinforced cement with glass-grid is its sensitivity to alkali existed in the cement which will lead to the reduction of its service-life. The tests show that the treatment by sol-gel method to protect the composite from alkali corrosion is effective. Then two formulae of sol-gel solution are also recommended here for application.