碳酸二甲酯水解反应的研究

在催化剂存在下研究了温度和填充度对碳酸二甲酯水解反应的影响。结果表明；在一定的温度下，ＤＭＣ的水解速率随填充度的增加而下降；在一定的填充度下，ＤＭＣ的水解速率随反应温度的提高而增加，即使填充度增加至０．９，反应温度降低至１５０℃，ＤＭＣ的最终转化率仍可达到１００％。     

利用龙岩膨润土合成4A分子筛试验研究

以福建龙岩某地钙基膨润土为原料,通过提纯、酸化、碱化、成胶、晶化这一工艺过程合成4A分子筛,探讨不同的酸化浓度、酸化时间和液固比对合成4A分子筛的影响.     

A Combined System for Biological Removal of Nitrogen and Carbon from Nylon-6 Production Wastewater

A combined system consisting of hydrolysisacidification, denitrification and nitrification reactors wasused to remove carbon and nitrogen from the nylon - 6production wastewater, which was characterized by goodbiodegradability and high nitrogen concentration. Theinfluences of Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD) in theinfluent, recirculation ratio, Hydraulic Residence Time(HRT) and Dissolved Oxygen(DO) concentration on thesystem performances were investigated. From results itcould be seen that good performances have been achievedduring the overall experiments periods, and COD, TotalNitrogen(TN), NH -N and Suspended Solids(SS) in theeffluent were 53, 16, 2 and 24 mg·L-1, respectively,which has satisfied the first standard of wastewaterdischarge established by Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) of China. Furthermore, results showed thatoperation factors, viz. COD in the influent, recirculationratio, HRT and DO concentration, all had importantinfluences on the system performances.     

水解酸化——接触氧化处理油田独立矿区生活污水的COD去除效果

本文介绍了水解酸化一接触氧化处理工艺对于油田独立矿区生活污水COD去除效果。在CODer负荷为1．0kg／m3．d左右时．出水的COD可达到50mg／L以下的水平。     

酸化理论在玉米笋罐头加工中的应用

“石多１号”玉米笋ｐＨ值为５．８～６．０、ａｗ＞０．８５，属低酸性蔬菜食品，加工罐头时须用高温杀菌，产品营养损失大。本研究以酸化理论为基础，通过对玉米笋加酸预煮及调酸装灌，使之成为酸化低酸性食品即ｐＨ≤４．６、ａｗ＞０．８５，杀菌方式采用巴氏杀菌，降低了杀菌强度Ｆ值，较好地保持了产品的色、香、味、形及脆性     

海上稠油区块高效复合酸化解堵技术研究与应用

针对稠油油藏堵塞类型多样、成因复杂等问题,研制出了新型复合有机酸HYJS-3酸液体系,并通过实验优选出了一套适合海上稠油油田的高效复合酸化解堵增产体系,体系包括有机解堵液、前置液、无机解堵液和顶替液。分析了复合酸化解堵体系的作用机理,并进行了室内实验评价,同时将研究成果应用到了现场试验。室内实验结果表明,高效复合酸化解堵体系的各项性能指标均能满足海上稠油区块对酸化施工的要求。现场应用结果表明,截至2015年4月,高效复合酸化解堵技术在海上某稠油油田W区块现场应用4口井,施工成功率100%,酸化平均有效期195 d,累计增油量达3 907 t。该技术施工工艺简单,解堵后增产效果明显,有效期较长,达到了良好的施工效果。     

水解酸化/曝气生物滤池处理印染废水试验研究

针对印染废水有机物含量高,可生化降解性差的特点,先将废水进行水解,将不溶性、难降解的有机大分子水解为可溶性、易降解的有机小分子,提高了废水的可生化性.再利用曝气生物滤池对废水进行好氧处理.实验结果表明,这种联合处理方法对废水中的CODcr,BOD5,SS及色度均有良好的处理效果,去除率分别达到84.3,92%,69.6%,86.4%.最终出水完全满足纺织印染行业水污染物排放二级标准.     

Organosilicon Ion-Exchange and Complexing Adsorbents

1 Introduction Modification of mineral synthetic or natural substrates by organosilicon C-functionally substituted monomers, copolycondensation of the latter with organic and organosilicon compounds, and hydrolytic polycondensation of these monomers are the most widely used methods of synthesis of organosilicon adsorbents.The particular method of synthesis of an organosilicon adsorbent is determined by specific technological objectives that are intended to be accomplished with the use of this …     

重庆地区 20 年间紫色土酸化研究

以酸沉降危害严重的重庆市为研究区域,对其主要农业土壤--紫色土进行大面积土壤酸化调查,与20世纪80年代中期重庆市土壤普查的保留样品进行对比分析研究,以探讨近20年来酸沉降对紫色土的危害程度.结果表明:与20世纪80年代中期比较,目前重庆市农用地和蔬菜地中的石灰性紫色土减少,而酸性和强酸性紫色土增加;同时,农用地的土壤交换性酸和交换性铝均有一定程度的上升.证实了在近20年的酸沉降影响下,重庆市大部分紫色土已发生酸化,且酸化程度日益加深.     

Anthropogenic and natural acidification in terrestrial ecosystems

Conclusions The total proton load found in these ecosystems exceeds by far the known rates of buffering in soils by silicate weathering and release of basic cations (see above).Under the present proton load most forest soils will therefore acidify and besides losses of nutrients the occurrence of possible toxic ions in the soil unavoidable (Al-buffer range)^{20, 21}.The proportion of the total proton load of the soil that is represented by the internal production emphasizes the importance of acid deposition as main cause of soil acidification and destabilization of forest ecosystems under Central European conditions.