煤的热解研究：Ⅰ.气氛和温度对热解的影响

常压、温度为６００￣１２００℃条件下,东胜烟煤分别在氢和氮气氛中热解的实验研究表明：煤在氢气氛中热解与在氮气氛相比产气率更高,焦油质量较好,同时获得了较高的煤转化率,热解温度强烈地影响热解产物的组成和煤转化率,随温度的升高煤化率提高,热解气产率增加,ＣＨ４,ＣＯ和ＣＯ２的产率上升,焦油产率降低,但温度对Ｃ２＾＋和Ｈ２Ｏ的产率影响不大。     

外源性H2S通过调节β-位淀粉样前体蛋白裂解酶1表达对PC12细胞APP／Aβ代谢的影响

目的观察外源性硫化氢对嗜铬细胞瘤细胞β-位淀粉样前体蛋白裂解酶1（BACE1）的调节作用,进而探讨其对淀粉样前体蛋白／β-位淀粉样蛋白代谢途径的影响。方法用硫氢化钠作外源性H2s供体,实验设空白对照组、NaHs50μmol／L组、NaHS100μmol／L组和NariS200μmol／L组,按分组浓度处理PC12细胞24h后,RT-PCR和Western blot法检测细胞内BACE1 mRNA及蛋白表达,并用Western blot法继而检测APP代谢过程中关键蛋白APP、C99、C83表达变化,EusA法检测细胞培养液中AB40和AB42水平。结果NaHS在实验浓度范围内从基因与蛋白两个水平上呈剂量依赖性下调BACE1表达,并下调C99、Ap40和Ap42蛋白表达,上调C83蛋白,各NaHS组分别与对照组比较,差别均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,而对APP蛋白表达没有影响,各组间比较差别无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论外源性H2s具有通过调节PC12细胞BACE1表达下调APP／Aβ代谢的作用。     

一种含N低Ni经济型双相不锈钢的抗氢脆性能的研究

设计了一种新型低Ni经济型双相不锈钢,通过金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜对不同固溶温度处理后的试样进行表征,通过常规拉伸实验得到综合力学性能最佳的热处理温度点,并通过电化学预充氢后的慢应变速率拉伸实验探究了其氢脆敏感性能。实验表明,随着温度的升高,奥氏体体积分数明显下降,铁素体体积分数升高,氢在双相不锈钢中的扩散能力提高。在1 050 ℃下固溶处理5 min后水淬的经济型双相不锈钢（lean duplex stainless steel,LDSS）综合性能最佳,其屈服强度和抗拉强度分别为744.7 MPa和807.7 MPa,总伸长率为62%,并且该材料在不同温度都具有优异的加工硬化性能。通过对1 050 ℃热处理后的试样进行不同电流密度和时间的预充氢处理,发现其氢脆敏感性能受充氢时间影响大于充氢电流,氢原子主要在塑性变形阶段降低材料抗拉强度和伸长率,对屈服强度影响较小。     

Recent results on hydrogen and hydration in biology studied by neutron macromolecular crystallography

Neutron diffraction provides an experimental method of directly locating hydrogen atoms in proteins, a technique complimentary to ultra-high-resolution [1, 2] X-ray diffraction. Three different types of neutron diffractometers for biological macromolecules have been constructed in Japan, France and the United States, and they have been used to determine the crystal structures of proteins up to resolution limits of 1.5-2.5 A. Results relating to hydrogen positions and hydration patterns in proteins have been obtained from these studies. Examples include the geometrical details of hydrogen bonds, H/D exchange in proteins and oligonucleotides, the role of hydrogen atoms in enzymatic activity and thermostability, and the dynamical behavior of hydration structures, all of which have been extracted from these structural results and reviewed. Other techniques, such as the growth of large single crystals, the preparation of fully deuterated proteins, the use of cryogenic techniques, and a data base of hydrogen and hydration in proteins, will be described.     

Effects of Si and Ce on the microstructure and hydrogen storage property of Ti_(26.5)Cr_(20)V_(45)Fe_(8.5)Ce_(0.5) alloy

In this paper,the effects of Si and Ce on the microstructure and hydrogen storage property of Ti26.5 Cr20V45Fe8.5Ce0.5 alloy were studied,respectively.First of all,effects of Si on the microstructure and hydrogen storage properties of Ti26.5Cr20(V45Fe8.5)1-xSixCe0.5(x=0,0.5,1.0,1.5 and 2.0 at%)alloys were studied by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and P-C isotherm measurements.As the Si addition increases,the hydrogen absorption capacities of alloys decrease but the equilibrium pressure incre...     

狭窄光学共振的飞秒脉冲激光稳频性研究

稳频的连续飞秒脉冲激光器以狭窄的光学共振作为水准基点，这种激光器具有稳定频率成分的宽带光谱和大功率的超短脉冲，能够有效的快速转变频率。在本文中可以看出这种双光子吸收共振使氢原子1S-2S能级之间跃迁的钛宝石激光器稳频飞秒脉冲振荡机制。     

下水道硫化氢产生的原因及施工中的监测

城市下水道产生大量的有害气体,最常见的是硫化氢气体,本文对下水道中产生硫化氢气体的原因进行了分析并提出了减少硫化氢产生的措施和在下水道施工作业中硫化氢气体监测的方法。     

氟代芳基碳酸酯与氨基甲酸酯中氢键的理论研究

运用 AIM理论在 B97D 水平上计算了2-丁炔-1，4-二基二（2，3，4，5，6-五氟苯基碳酸酯）1，2-丁炔-1，4-二基二（4-氟苯基碳酸酯）2及2-丁炔-1，4-二基二（2，3，4，5，6-五氟苯氨基甲酸酯）3中的分子间有机氟 C -H…F -C 氢键．这些分子间氢键为闭壳相互作用．尽管晶体1中 H…F 距离接近经典氢键，但是该有机氟氢键仍为弱氢键．NBO 分析表明，研究的有机氟 C -H…F -C 氢键存在明显的电荷转移，用电荷转移合理地解释了分子1采取顺式结构．     

镍钴电镀液中钴含量容量分析法的改进

该文介绍了一种以过氧化氢代替过硫酸铵作氧化剂对EDTA配位滴定法测定镍钴电镀液中钴含量的方法的改进,通过对试样的分析,获得满意结果。